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Norwegian Folktales

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Asbjornsen and Moe's Norske folkeeventyr 5th edition, 1874.

Norwegian Folktales (Norwegian: Norske folkeeventyr) is a collection of Norwegian folktales and legends by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe. It is also known as Asbjørnsen and Moe, after the collectors.[1]

Asbjørnsen and Moe

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Asbjørnsen, a teacher, and Moe, a minister, had been friends for about 15 years when in 1841 they published the first volume of folktales –[2] the collection of which had been an interest of both for some years. The work's popularity is partly attributable to Norway's newly won partial independence, and the wave of nationalism that swept the country in the 19th century; and the Norwegian written language they contributed to developing (i.e., what would become Bokmål). The language of their publication of the fairy tales struck a balance in that, while it did not preserve their original dialect form in its entirety, it did import certain non-Danish features from it (dialect words and certain syntactic constructions).[3][4][a]

Asbjørnsen and Moe were inspired by the German folktale collectors, the Brothers Grimm, not merely to emulate their methodology, but drawing encouragement by it, their endeavor was a work of national importance,[4] especially as the Grimms openly gave high praise for the Norske folkeeventyr.[5] Asbjørnsen and Moe applied the principles espoused by the Grimms, for instance, using a simple linguistic style in place of dialects, while maintaining the original form of the stories.[citation needed] Moreover, Asbjørnsen and Moe did not publish collected folktales in the raw, but created "retold" versions, seeking to reconstruct the lost Urform of the tales—although the alterations performed were not as drastic as the Grimms sometimes allowed license for themselves.[6] The Norwegian pair also collected tales from the field themselves, in contrast to the Grimms.[7]

Publications

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The original series, entitled Norske Folkeeventyr went into publication piecemeal. It first appeared a slim pamphlet (1841) offering a selection of a few tales, without a title page, the editor's names or table of contents. This was sufficiently well-received, and championed by P. A. Munch in a German newspaper.[4] It led to the appearance of a reprint of the first volume in 1843 and the second volume in 1844 as proper hardcovers. The second edition appeared in 1852.[8] Another series dubbed the "New Collection" appeared later (Norske Folke-Eventyr. Ny Samling 1871). The tales are numbered, the original collection containing 58 tales, increased to 60 tales in later editions. The new collection held 50 tales.

Asbjørnsen as a solo project collected and published Norske Huldre-Eventyr og Folkesagn I-II (1845–48),[1] which also was expanded by a "second collection," (Norske huldre-eventyr og folkesagn: anden samling 1866).[9]

Illustrators

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Cover art to 1914 edition, artist: Theodor Kittelsen

The first fully illustrated edition of the book was the 1879 edition of Asbjørnsen's Norske folke- og huldre-eventyr, which featured the artworks of several artists: Peter Nicolai Arbo (1831−1892), Hans Gude (1825−1903), Vincent Stoltenberg Lerche [no], Eilif Peterssen (1852−1928), August Schneider (1842−1873), Otto Sinding (1842−1909), Adolph Tidemand (1814−1876), and Erik Werenskiold (1855−1938).[10][b]

In later editions, Werenskiold and Theodor Kittelsen became prominent illustrators. Kittelsen was an unknown artist when he began collaborating on the project on the recommendation of his friend Werenskiold.[13]

Translation into English

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The tales were first translated into English by Sir George Webbe Dasent.[c] He translated all but a few of the tales from the two series of Norske Folkeeventyr. Dasent's Popular Tales from the Norse (1859), contains all 58 tales from the initial edition of the original collection.[15][d] Dasent's Tales from the Fjeld: A Second Series of Popular Tales (1874) covers the two tales added to later editions of the original collection and 45 of the tales from the new collection.[16][e]

Asbjørnsen and Moe evidently approved of Dasent's translations: "In France and England collections have appeared in which our tales have not only been correctly and faultlessly translated, but even rendered with exemplary truth and care nay, with thorough mastery. The English translation, by George Webbe Dasent, is the best and happiest rendering of our tales that has appeared."[17] The latest translation into English is by Tiina Nunnally in 2019.[18]

H. L. Braekstad, Round the Yule Log: Norwegian Folk and Fairy Tales (1881) includes tales from the Norske Huldre-Eventyr.[19] An abridged translation of Stroebe's Nordische Volksmärchen (1922),[20] rendered into English by Martens, provides additional tales from the various collections, and complements the above translations to some extent. Carl Norman's Norwegian Folktales (1960) is a selection that includes some of the tales from the Ny Samling omitted by Dasent.[21]

List of Norwegian folktales

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Norske Folkeeventyr

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Legend:

  • "NF#" – Tale number as they appear in Asbjørnsen and Moe's Norske Folkeeventyr
  • "Modern Norwegian Title" – Modernized spelling (conforms with Projekt Runeberg e-texts).[22]
  • "AT index" – Aarne–Thompson classification system index for folktale type.
  • "Da#" – Tale number as appears in Dasent's translation, usable as sort key.[15]
  • "Br." "Iversen & Nor." "Str. & Martens" "Nunn." – the Braekstad, Iversen & Norman, Stroebe & Martens, and Nunnally translations.
Norske Folkeeventyr
NF# Modern Norwegian Title AT index Da# English translated title (Dasent) Alternate translations
1 Askeladden som stjal sølvendene til trollet[f][23] AT 328 32 "Boots and the Troll" "About Ash Lad, Who Stole the Troll's Silver Ducks, Coverlet, and Golden Harp" (Nunn.)
2 Gjertrudsfuglen AT 751A 31 "Gertrude's Bird" "The Gjertrud Bird" (Nunn.)
3 Fugl Dam AT 301 55 "The Big Bird Dan" "The Griffin" (Nunn.)
4 Spurningen[g] AT 853 19 "Taming the Shrew" "The Quandary" (Nunn.)
5 Rike Per Kremmer AT 461 30 "Rich Peter the Pedlar" "Richman Peddler Per" (Nunn.)
6 Askeladden som kappåt med trollet AT 1000 5 "The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll" "Ash Lad, Who Competed with the Troll" (Nunn.); "The Ash Lad Who Had an Eating Match with the Troll" (Iversen & Nor. 4)
7 Gutten som gikk til nordenvinden og krevde igjen melet AT 563 34 "The Lad Who Went to the North Wind" "About the Boy Who Went to the North Wind and Demanded the Flour Back" (Nunn.); "The Lad and the North Wind" (Br. 18)
8 Jomfru Maria som gudmor AT 710 27 "The Lassie and Her Godmother" "The Virgin Mary as Godmother" (Nunn.); "The Child of Mary" (Str. & Martens 10[25])
9 De tre prinsesser i Hvittenland AT 400 26 "The Three Princesses of Whiteland" "The Three Princesses in White Land" (Nunn.); "The Three Princesses in Whiteland" (Str. & Martens 17)
10 Somme kjerringer er slike AT 1384 24 "Not a Pin to Choose Between Them" "Some Women Are Like That" (Nunn.)
11 Hver synes best om sine barn AT 247 25 "One's Own Children Are Always Prettiest" "Everyone Thinks Their Own Children Are Best" (Nunn.)
12 En frierhistorie AT 1459 14 "How One Went Out to Woo" "A Tale of Courtship" (Nunn.)
13 De tre mostrene AT 501 28 "The Three Aunts" ibid. (Nunn.)
14 Enkesønnen AT 314 44 "The Widow's Son" "The Widow's Son" (Nunn.); (Br. 26)
15 Manndatteren og kjerringdatteren [no] AT 480 17 "The Two Step-Sisters" "The Husband’s Daughter and the Wife’s Daughter" (Nunn.)
16 Hanen og høna i nøtteskogen AT 2021 54 "The Cock and Hen a-Nutting" "The Rooster and the Hen in the Nut Forest" (Nunn.)
17 Bjørnen og reven: — N/A (Bear and Fox stories) "The Bear and the Fox" (Nunn.)
17.1 Hvorfor bjørnen er stubbrumpet; AT 2 23 "Why the Bear Is Stumpy-Tailed" "Why the Bear Has a Stump of a Tail" (Nunn.)
17.2 Reven snyter bjørnen for julekosten AT 15 57 "Bruin and Reynard" "The Fox Cheats the Bear Out of His Christmas Meal" (Nunn.)
18 Gudbrand i Lia AT 1415 21 "Gudbrand on the Hill-side" "Gudbrand Slope" (Nunn.); "Gudbrand of the Hillside" (Iversen & Nor. 9)
19 Kari Trestakk AT 510AB 50 "Katie Woodencloak" "Kari Stave-Skirt" (Nunn.); "Kari Woodencoat" (Str. & Martens 19)
20 Reven som gjeter AT 37 10 "The Fox as Herdsman" "The Fox as Shepherd" (Nunn.)
21 Smeden som de ikke torde slippe inn i helvete AT 330 16 "The Master-Smith" "The Blacksmith They Didn’t Dare Let Into Hell" (Nunn.); "The Smith They Didn't Dare Let Into Hell" (Sehmsdorf);[26] "The Smith and the Devil" (Br. 14)
22 Hanen og høna AT 2075 15 "The Cock and Hen" "The Rooster and the Hen" (Nunn.)
23 Hanen, gauken og århanen AT 120 29 "The Cock, the Cuckoo, and the Blackcock" "The Rooster, the Cuckoo, and the Black Grouse" (Nunn.)
24 Lillekort AT 303 20 "Shortshanks" "Lillekort" (Nunn.)
25 Dukken i gresset AT 402 52 "Doll i' the Grass" "The Doll in the Grass" (Nunn.)
26 Pål Andrestua AT 1725 58 "Tom Totherhouse" "Paal Next-Door" (Nunn.)
27 Soria Moria slott AT 400 56 "Soria Moria Castle" ibid. (Nunn.); (Iversen & Nor. 12); (Str. & Martens 36)
28 Herreper AT 545B 42 "Lord Peter" "Sir Per" (Nunn.); "Squire Per" (Iversen & Nor. 25)
29 Vesle Åse Gåsepike AT 870A 59 "Little Annie the Goose-Girl" "Little Aase Goosegirl" (Nunn.)
30 Gutten og fanden AT 1158 53 "The Lad and the Devil" "The Boy and the Devil" (Nunn.); "The Lad and the Devil" (Br. 4); "The Young Fellow and the Devil" (Str. & Martens 28)
31 De syv folene AT 471 43 "The Seven Foals" ibid. (Nunn.)
32 Giske AT 1353 33 "Goosey Grizzel" "Gidske" (Nunn.)
33 De tolv villender AT 451 8 "The Twelve Wild Ducks" ibid. (Nunn.); (Iversen & Nor. 15)
34 Mestertyven AT 1525A-F 35 "The Master Thief" ibid. (Nunn.)
35 Høna tripper i berget AT 311 3 "The Old Dame and her Hen" "The Three Sisters Who Were Taken Into the Mountain" (Nunn.)
36 Risen som ikke hadde noe hjerte på seg AT 302 9 "The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body" "About the Giant Troll Who Never Carried His Heart With Him" (Nunn.); "The Giant who had no Heart" (Br. 7); "Anent the Giant Who Did Not Have His Heart About Him" (Str. & Martens 16)
37 Grimsborken AT 531 40 "Dapplegrim" "Dappleband" (Nunn.)
38 Det har ingen nød med den som alle kvinnfolk er glad i AT 580 36 "The Best Wish" "Nothing is Needed by the One That All Women Love" (Nunn.)
39 Askeladden som fikk prinsessen til å løgste seg AT 852 7 "Boots Who Made the Princess Say, 'That's A Story'" "Ash Lad, Who Got the Princess to Say He Was Lying" (Nunn.); "The Ash Lad who made the Princess Say "You're a Liar" " (Iversen & Nor. 18); "Ashiepattle who made the Princess tell the Truth at last" (Br. 28)
40 De tre bukkene Bruse AT 122E 37 "Three Billy Goats Gruff" "The Three Billy Goats Gruff, Who Were Supposed to Go Up to the Mountain Pasture to Fatten Up" (Nunn.); "The Three Billy Goats who went up into the Hills to get Fat" (Br. 15)
41 Østenfor sol og vestenfor måne AT 425 4 "East o' the Sun and West o' the Moon" ibid. (Nunn.); (Br. 27); (Str. & Martens 22)
42 Høna som skulle til Dovre forat ikke allverden skulle forgå AT 20C 49 "The Cock and Hen That Went to the Dovrefell" "The Hen Who Had to Go to Dovre Mountain, or Else the Whole World Would Perish" (Nunn.)
43 Mannen som skulle stelle hjemme AT 1408 39 "The Husband Who Was to Mind the House" "The Man Who Had to Keep House" (Nunn.); "The Man who was going to Mind the House" (Br. 5)
44 Tommeliten AT 700 51 "Thumbikin" "Tom Thumb" (Nunn.)
45 Håken Borkenskjegg AT 900 6 "Hacon Grizzlebeard" "Haaken Speckled-Beard" (Nunn.)
46 Mestermø AT 313 11 "The Mastermaid" "Master Maiden" (Nunn.); "Master Girl" (Str. & Martens 15)
47 Vel gjort og ille lønnet AT 154 38 "Well Done and Ill Paid" "Well Done and Poorly Rewarded" (Nunn.)
48 Tro og Utro AT 613 1 "True and Untrue" ibid. (Nunn.)
49 Per, Pål og Espen Askeladd AT 577 46 "Boots and His Brothers" "Per and Paal and Esben Ash Lad" (Nunn.)
50 Kvernen som står og maler på havsens bunn AT 565 2 "Why the Sea is Salt" "The Mill That Keeps Grinding at the Bottom of the Sea" (Nunn.); "The Mill that Grinds at the bottom of the Sea" (Iversen & Nor. 30)
51 Jomfruen på glassberget AT 530 13 "The Princess on the Glass Hill" "The Maiden on the Glass Mountain" (Nunn.)
52 Smørbukk AT 327C 18 "Buttercup" "Butterball" (Nunn.); "Smorbukk (Butterball)" (Iversen & Nor. 11)
53 Store-Per og Vesle-Per AT 1535 47 "Big Peter and Little Peter" "Big-Per and Little-Per" (Nunn.)
54 Lurvehette AT 711 48 "Tatterhood" "Ragged-Cap" (Nunn.)
55 Buskebrura AT 403 45 "Bushy Bride" "The Bushy Bride" (Nunn.)
56 Kjetta på Dovre AT 1161 12 "The Cat on the Dovrefjell" "The Tabby-Cat on Dovre Mountain" (Nunn.)
57 Bonde Værskjegg AT 325 41 "Farmer Weathersky" "Farmer Weather-Beard" (Nunn.)
58 Det blå båndet AT 590 22 "The Blue Belt" "The Blue Twine" (Nunn.)
59 Den rettferdige firskilling AT 1651 62 "The Honest Penny" "The Honest Four-Skilling Coin" (Nunn.); "The Four-Shilling Piece" (Str. & Martens 12)[27]
60 Han far sjøl i stua AT 168A 66 "Father Bruin in the Corner" "The Old Man of the House" (Nunn.)

Norske Folkeeventyr Ny Samling

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New Collection. The NF# will be given contiguous from the original collection.

NF Ny Samling
NF# Modern Norwegian Title AT index Da# English translated title (Dasent)[16] Alternate translations
61 Væren og grisen som skulle til skogs og bo for seg selv[28] AT 130 101 "The Sheep and the Pig Who Set up House" "The Ram and the Pig who went into the Woods to live by Themselves" (Iversen & Nor. 23)
62 Venner i liv og død AT 470 86 "Friends in Life and Death"
63 Gutten som skulle tjene tre år uten lønn AT 560 88 "Three Years without Wages" "The Youth Who Was to Serve Three Years Without Pay" (Str. & Martens 33)
64 Kjerringa mot strømmen AT 1365AB 94 "Goody Gainst-the-stream" "The Old Woman against the Stream" (Iversen & Nor. 20)
65 Den syvende far i huset AT 726 87 "The Father of the Family" "The Seventh Father of the House" (Iversen & Nor. 24); "The Seven Fathers in the House" (Br. 11)
66 Tre sitroner AT 408 84 "The Three Lemons" ibid. (Str. & Martens 3)
67 Kjæresten i skogen AT 955 97 "The Sweetheart in the Wood"
68 Ikke kjørende og ikke ridende AT 875 95 "How to Win a Prince" "Not Driving and not Riding" (Iversen & Nor. 26)
69 Skipperen og Gamle-Erik AT 1179 93 "The Skipper and Old Nick" "The Skipper and Sir Urian" (Str. & Martens 32)
70 Gutten som gjorde seg til løve, falk og maur AT 302 96 "Boots and the Beasts" "The Boy Who Became a Lion, a Falcon, and an Ant"(Lunge-Larsen)[29]
71 Tobakksgutten AT 611 81 "Master Tobacco"
72 Gullslottet som hang i luften AT 531 102 "The Golden Palace That Hung in the Air" "The Golden Castle that Hung in the Air" (Iversen & Nor. 6)
73 Haren som hadde vært gift AT 96 76 "The Hare and the Heiress" "The Hare who had been Married" (Iversen & Nor. 14)
74 Bjørnen og reven: N/A The Bear and the Fox (Part of "Peter's Beast Stories")
74.1 Slipp granrot og ta i revefot AT 5 77 "Slip Root, Catch Reynard's Foot"
74.2 De vedder om flesk og humlebol AT 7 75 "Pork and Honey" "The Bear and the Fox Who Made a Bet" (Iversen & Nor. 1)
74.3 De skulle ha åker i sameie AT 1030 79 "Bruin and Reynard Partners"
74.4 Mikkel vil smake hestekjøtt AT 47A 80 "Reynard Wants to Taste Horse-Flesh"
75 Bamse Brakar AT 116 78 "Bruin Goodfellow" "Brave Old Bruin" (Br. 12)
76 Rødrev og Askeladden AT 300 99 "Osborn Boots and Mr. Glibtongue"
77 Gutten som ville fri til datter til mor i kroken AT 402 104 "Mother Roundabout's Daughter" "The Youth Who Wanted to Win the Daughter of the Mother in the Corner" (Str. & Martens 34)
78 Dumme menn og troll til kjerringer AT 1406 90 "Silly Men and Cunning Wives" "Foolish Men and Scolding Wives" (Br. 22)
79 Askeladden og de gode hjelperne AT 513 106 "Boots and his Crew" "The Ash Lad and the Good Helpers" (Iversen & Nor. 8)
80 Gutten som ville bli handelskar AT 1538 100 "This is the Lad who Sold the Pig"
81 Hårslå, som aldri ville hjem gå AT 2015 98 "How they Got Hairlock Home"
82 Kullbrenneren AT 1641 82 "The Charcoal Burner" ibid. (Br. 33)
83 Gullfuglen AT 550 110 "The Golden Bird " ibid. (Iversen & Nor. 5)
84 Den grønne ridder AT 432 105 "The Green Knight"
85 Tyrihans som fikk kongsdatteren til å le AT 571 91 "Taper Tom" "Taper Tom - Who Made the Princess Laugh" (Iversen & Nor. 28); "Hans who made the Princess Laugh" (Br. 30)
86 Presten og klokkeren AT 922 85 "The Priest and the Clerk" "The Parson and the Sexton" (Str. & Martens 31, Nor. 21); "The Parson and the Clerk" (Br. 23)
87 Gale-Mattis AT 1696 108 "Silly Matt"
88 Klokkeren i bygda vår AT 1537 89 "Our Parish Clerk"
89 Småguttene som traff trollene på Hedalsskogen AT 303 92 "The Trolls in Hedale Wood" "The Boys Who Met the Trolls in the Hedal Woods" (Iversen & Nor. 13); "The Lads who Met the Trolls in the Hedale Wood" (Br. 2)
90 Kvitebjørn kong Valemon AT 425 109 "King Valemon, the White Bear" "Valemon - The White Bear King" (Iversen & Nor. 16)
91 Skrinet med det rare i AT 2250 83 "The Box with Something Pretty in It" "The Box with the Funny Thing in it" (Br. 25)
92 Hjemmusa og fjellmusa AT 112 107 "The Town-mouse and the Fell-mouse" "The House Mouse and the Country Mouse" (Iversen & Nor. 19)
93 God dag, mann! -- Økseskaft AT 1968J 68 "Goodman Axehaft" "'Good Day, Fellow!' 'Axe Handle!'" (Iversen & Nor. 7)
94 Hanen og reven AT 61 67 "Reynard and Chanticleer "
95 Verden lønner ikke annerledes AT 155 73 "The Way of the World"
96 Mumle Gåsegg AT 650A 65 "Grumblegizzard" "The Greedy Youngster" (Br. 10); "Murmur Goose-egg"(Str. & Martens 23)
97 Veslefrikk med fela AT 592 103 "Little Freddy With his Fiddle" "Little Freddie and his Fiddle" (Iversen & Nor. 10)
98 Gjete kongens harer AT 570 60 "Osborn's Pipe" "Ashiepattle and the King's Hares" (Br. 19): "The King's Hares" (Str. & Martens 25)
99 Krambugutten med gammelostlasten AT 506 70 "The Shopboy and His Cheese"
100 Følgesvennen AT 507A 69 "The Companion" "The Companion" (Iversen & Nor. 2); "The Comrade" (Str. & Martens 6)
101 Peik AT 1542 71 "Peik" ibid. (Br. 21)
102 Kjetta som var så fæl til å ete AT 2027 64 "The Greedy Cat" The Cat Who Could Eat So Much (Str. & Martens 21)
103 Hanen som falt i bryggekaret AT 2022 63 "The Death of Chanticleer"
104 Pannekaken AT 2025 74 "The Pancake" ibid. (Br. 8); "The Chronicle of the Pancake" (Str. & Martens 35)
105 Gutten med øldunken AT 332 72 "Death and the Doctor"
106 Fanden og futen AT 1186 N/A N/A "The Devil and the Baliff" (Iversen & Nor. 3)
107 Stabbursnøkkelen i rokkehodet AT 1453 N/A N/A "The Key in the Distaff" (Iversen & Nor. 29)
108 Tsju pus, vil du ned av bordet! AT 1456 N/A N/A (Shoo cat, off the table)
109 Sju år gammal graut AT 1462 N/A N/A (Seven-year-old porridge)
110 Herremannsbruden AT 1440 N/A N/A "The Squire's Bride" (Iversen & Nor. 27)

Norske Huldre-Eventyr

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Legend:

  • "Hu#" – Tale number in Norske Huldre-Eventyr (1845–48), with continuous numbering for the "second collection" (1866)
  • "Modern Norwegian Title" – Modernized spelling (conforms to Projekt Runeberg e-texts).
  • "Year" – Year of collection. Enumerated in the index and under the title in the 3rd edition (1870).[30]
  • "Br#" – Tale number as appears in Braekstad's Round the Yule Log.
  • "Str. & Martens" – Stroebe & Martens translation.
  • "Chr. & Iversen" – Christiansen ed., translated by Pat Shaw Iversen.[31]
Huldre-Eventyr Part 1
Hu# Modern Norwegian Title Year Br# English translated title (Braekstad) Alternate translations
Hu1 Kvernsagn[32] (cf. Kvernknurr [no]) 1843 17 "Legends of the Mill" "The Haunted Mill" (first tale and a composite of the second and third tales, Dasent); "Self Did It" (second tale, Str. & Martens 14)
Hu2 Ekebergkongen 1838
Hu3 Matthias skytters historier 1838 3 "Matthias the Hunter's Stories"
Hu4 Berthe Tuppenhaugs fortellinger[33] 1843 13 "Mother Bertha's Stories" "The Troll Wedding" (Str. & Martens 8)[34]
Hu5 En aftenstund i et proprietærkjøkken 1845 29 "An Evening in the Squire's Kitchen" "The Troll-Wife" (Str. & Martens 24)[35]
Hu6 Huldreætt 1843
Hu7 En halling med kvannerot 1845
Hu8 Lundeætten 1845
Hu9 En gammeldags juleaften 1843 1 "An Old-Fashioned Christmas Eve"
Hu10 En natt i Nordmarken 1845 "The Neighbor Underground" (Str. & Martens 4)[36]
Hu11 En aften ved Andelven 1845 "The Hat of the Huldres" (Str. & Martens 9)[37]
Hu12 Graverens fortellinger 1845 "Following the Witch" and "The Witches's Sabbath" (Chr. & Iversen 17a 17b)
Hu13 Jutulen og Johannes Blessom 1844 24 "The Giant and Johannes Blessom" "The Lord of the Hill and John Blessom" (Str. & Martens 27); "The Jutul and Johannes Blessom" (Chr. & Iversen 35)
Hu14 Fra fjellet og seteren 1845
Huldre-Eventyr Part 2
Hu# Modern Norwegian Title Year Br# English translated title (Braekstad) Alternate translations
Hu15 Høyfjellsbilleder: 1848
Hu15.1 1: En søndagskveld til seters "Ola Storbaekkjen" (Str. & Martens 20)
Hu15.2 2: Rensdyrjakt ved Rondane 16 "Peter Gynt"
Hu16 Plankekjørerne 1848 "Making the Devil Carry the Cat" and "The Cardplayers and the Devil" (Chr. & Iversen 13 14)
Hu17 En tiurleik i Holleia 1848 9 "A Day with the Capercailzies"
Hu18 En signekjerring 1848 32 "The Witch"
Hu19 En sommernatt på Krokskogen 1848 31 A Summer Night in a Norwegian Forest
Hu20 Tatere 1848
Hu21 En aften i nabogården 1853
Hu22 Fra Sognefjorden 1855
Hu23 Til Haus
Hu23.1 Skarvene fra Utrøst 1849 6 "The Cormorants of Udröst" "The Isle of Udrost" (Str. & Martens 2); "The Cormorants from Utröst" (Chr. & Iversen 26)
Hu23.2 Tuftefolket på Sandflesa 1851 "Lucky Andrew" (Str. & Martens 30); "The Tufte-Folk on Sandflesa" (Chr. & Iversen 27)
Hu23.3 Makrelldorg 1851 20 "Mackerel Trolling" "Storm Magic" (Str. & Martens 11)[38]
Hu23.4 På høyden av Aleksandria 1852 "Hexe Pfarrerin" (Stroebe, in German)[39]

Other pieces

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Tales not from any of the proceeding series that are usually included alongside them in later collections:

From other works
# Modern Norwegian Title Year AT Motif English translated title (various) Alternate translations
* De tre kongsdøtre i berget det blå (from Eventyrbog for Børn 1883-1887, Asbjørnsen and Moltke Moe edd.)[40] "The Three Princesses in the Mountain in the Blue" (Iversen & Nor. 31)
* En prestehistorie (from «Dybwads illustrerte Folkekalender 1881», Moltke Moe.)
* Prinsessen som ingen kunne målbinde (from Eventyrbog for Børn 1883-1887, Asbjørnsen and Moltke Moe edd.)[41][h] AT 853 "The Princess who always had to have the Last Word " (Iversen & Nor. 22)
* En vestlandsk Skovdal (from "Fra nordiske Digtere. Et Album" 1869)
* Fiskersønnene (from «Dybwads illustrerte Folkekalender 1881») AT 303
* Grisen og levemåten hans (from Barne-Eventyr 1909, Moltke Moe ed.) AT 211 "The Pig and his Way of Life" (Kari B. Svendsen, 1985)[42]
* Gullfebla (from Juletræet for 1850)
* Jomfru Maria og svalen (from Eventyrbog for Barn 1883-1337. Asbjørnsen and Moltke Moe edd.)[43]
* Julebesøket i prestegården (from Juletræet for 1851)
* Prestens mor
* Reve-enka (from Barne-Eventyr 1909. Moltke Moe.)
* Vårherre og St. Peder på vandring (Et bömisk eventyr.) (from Nord und Süd 1858)

Influence

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The Soria Moria castle, which appeared in Dasent's translations of the tales, inspired J. R. R. Tolkien to use the name Moria for a fabulous subterranean complex in his Middle-earth stories.[44]

Footnotes

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Explanatory notes

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  1. ^ At the same time the language in the tales also contained many words from Norwegian dialects, which helped toward making a hybrid of older Danish and eastern Norwegian dialects in particular, a language variant that was developed in stages into today's Norwegian bokmål, or "book tongue." Through the later 1800s and the 1900s, bokmål became less Danish through language reforms, and the language of Asbjørnsen and Moe's folk tales followed suit. Their language has been modernized many times. Also, many of these tales were published by Det Norske Samlaget in 1995 in New Norwegian, the most distinctly Norwegian of the two official variants of written Norwegian, and in many cases the language form that comes closest to the tales as recorded by Asbjørnsen and Moe.
  2. ^ The appended "Fortegnelse over Illustrationerne og Kunstnerne" gives credit to each artwork, naming the engravers such as H. P. Hansen and Frederik Hendriksen [no] whose signatures appear in the engravings.[11]
  3. ^ Friedrich Bresemann's German translation of 1847[14] appeared prior to Dasent's English in 1849.
  4. ^ Dasent splits the two subtales of Bjørnen og reven into 2 independent tales, which brings his tale count to 59.
  5. ^ Dasent's Tales from the Fjeld count 51 tales = 2 original collection + 45 new collection + 3 (counts Bjørnen og reven as 4 separate bear and fox stories) + 1 (The Haunted Mill which is "Kværensagn" taken from Asbjornsen's "Norske Huldre-Eventyr og Folkesagn")
  6. ^ The title character was changed from "Askepot" in the first edition to Akeladden in later editions.
  7. ^ Another "slightly different variant" is Prinsessen som ingen kunne målbinde, in Eventyrbog for børn, volume 3.[24]
  8. ^ Prinsessen som ingen kunne målbinde is a slight variant of the tale Spurningen from Norske Folkeeventyr,[24] and replaces it in most subsequent publications.

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Asbjörnsen, Peter Christen" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ^ "[Moe] met Asbjørnsen first when he was fourteen years of age."[1] so 1827.
  3. ^ Rudvin, Mette (c. 1999), Norske Folkeeventyr. A Polysystemic Approach to Folk Literature in Nineteenth-Century Norway (PDF), One of the reasons the Asbjørnsen and Moe corpus received such national acclaim and consensus was precisely that it embodied both the myth of a national identity and of a national language in a relatively conservative (i.e. Danish) form, and therefore functioned as a compromise between an emerging national identity and the maintenance of an (elite) conservative linguistic and literary form. ... Asbjørnsen and Moe's translation policy was instrumental in laying the foundation for a new and viable national language form which steadily developed further and further away from the Danicized language that represented the colonized past into a new, independent language - neither Danish, nor rural dialect.
  4. ^ a b c Wells (2013), pp. 35–36
  5. ^ Dorson, Richard (1964), "Preface", in Christiansen, R. Th. (ed.), Folktales of Norway, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, p. x, [Asbjørnsen and Moe's] end product so appealed to Jacob Grimm that he described them as the best Märchen in print, cited in Rudvin (c. 1999), p. 25n
  6. ^ Rudvin (c. 1999), pp. 25–26.
  7. ^ Rudvin (c. 1999), p. 26n.
  8. ^ Rudvin (c. 1999), p. 41.
  9. ^ Asbjørnsen, Peter Christen, ed. (1866). Norske huldre-eventyr og folkesagn: anden samling. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Christiania: P.J. Steensballes Forlag.
  10. ^ Asbjørnsen (1879).
  11. ^ Asbjørnsen (1879), pp. 339–441, Asbjørnsen (1896), pp. 364–367
  12. ^ "Enchanting Norwegian Folk Tales in New English Translation". News of Norway. Vol. 18, no. 5. 13 April 1961. p. 55.
  13. ^ Iversen & Norman (1990) [1960], Introduction, quoted in News of Norway.[12]
  14. ^ Bresemann (1847).
  15. ^ a b Dasent (1859).
  16. ^ a b Dasent (1874).
  17. ^ Dasent (1874), p. vi.
  18. ^ Nunnally (2019).
  19. ^ Braekstad (1881).
  20. ^ Stroebe (1922a).
  21. ^ Iversen & Norman (1990) [1960]
  22. ^ Asbjornsen and Moe. Norske Folkeeventyr – via Project Runeberg.
  23. ^ Asbjørnsen & Moe (1843) (1st ed.) "Om Askepot, som stjal Troldets Sølvænder, Sengetæppe og Guldharpe". 1: pp. 1–7
     • Asbjørnsen, Moe & Moe (1904a) (7th ed.) "Om Askeladden som ..." . 1: pp. 1–7.
  24. ^ a b Logeman, Henri [in Dutch] (June 1914), "Another Three Notes on 'Peer Gynt'", Publications of the Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study, 1 (5): 215, JSTOR 40914922
  25. ^ Stroebe & Martens (1922), p. 56
  26. ^ Sehmsdorf, Henning K. (1986). "The Smith They Didn't Dare Let Into Hel". Short Stories from Norway, 1850-1900. Department of Scandinavian Studies, University of Wisconsin. p. 6.
  27. ^ Stroebe & Martens (1922), p. 69. "The Honest Four-Shilling Piece" is the verbatim title given in footnote.
  28. ^ Asbjørnsen & Moe (1871). "Væderen og Grisen, som skulde til Skovs og bo for sig selv". pp. 1–4; Asbjørnsen & Moe (1883). "Væderen og Grisen (ibid.) ..". pp. 1–7. Asbjørnsen & Moe (1908). "Væren og grisen som skuld til skogs og bo for sig selv". pp. 7–12.
  29. ^ The Troll With no Heart in His Body. Translated by Lunge-Larsen, Lise. HMH Books for Young Readers. 1999. ISBN 0395913713.
  30. ^ Asbjørnsen (1870).
  31. ^ Christiansen (2016).
  32. ^ Asbjørnsen (1859). "Kværnsagn". Huldreeventyr 1: 1–16; Asbjørnsen (1870) pp. 1–10
  33. ^ Asbjørnsen (1859). "Signekjærrings Fortrællinger". Huldreeventyr 1: 39–55; Asbjørnsen (1870) "Berthe Tuppenhaugs fortællinger" pp. 26–36.
  34. ^ Translation starts at: Huldre-Eventyr (1859). "Signekjærrings Fortrællinger", 1: 50, beginning: "Det var en sommer for lang, lang tid sia, de låg til seters med krøttera fra Melbustad oppe på Halland.."; Asbjørnsen (1870), pp. 33ff
  35. ^ Translation starts at: Huldre-Eventyr (1859). "En Aftenstund i et Proprietairkjøkken", 1: 77 beginning "For mange Aar siden.. bøede der et Par gamle vestaaende Folk paa en Gaard oppe paa Hadeland"; Asbjørnsen (1870), pp. 50ff
  36. ^ Translation starts at: Huldre-Eventyr (1859). "En Nat i Nordmaken", 1: 149 beginning: "Der var en bonde, han boede i Thelemarken,.."; Asbjørnsen (1870), pp. 99ff
  37. ^ Translation starts at: Huldre-Eventyr (1859). "En Aften ved Andelven", 1: 157 beginning: "Det var et stort Bryllup i en Gaard.."; Asbjørnsen (1870), pp. 104ff
  38. ^ Translation starts at: Huldre-Eventyr (1859). "Makreldorging", I: 248 beginning "Han havde faret med en Skipper som Youngmand hele Sommeren"; Asbjørnsen (1870), pp. 355ff
  39. ^ Translation starts at: Huldre-Eventyr (1859). "Tilhaus IV. Paa Høiden af Alexandria" I: 281, beginning: "Det var en Præstegaard i en Bygd ved Christianssand"; Asbjørnsen (1870), pp. 364ff
  40. ^ Eventyrbog (1883–1887) 3: 1–29; "De tre kongsdøtre i berget det blaa" Eventyrbok 2nd ed. (1908) 3: 5–27;
  41. ^ "Prindsessen som Ingen kunde maalbinde" Eventyrbog (1883–1887) 3: 97–101; "Prinsessen som Ingen kunde maalbinde" Eventyrbok 2nd ed. (1908) 3
  42. ^ Svendsen, Kari B. (1985). Tales of the Norsemen : folk tales collected by Asbjorsen and Moe, selected and retold by. Gyldendal Norsk Forlag. pp. 9–. ISBN 8205163375.
  43. ^ "Jomfru Maria og svalen" Eventyrbog (1883–1887) 2: 83–92
  44. ^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1981), The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, George Allen & Unwin, letter no. 297 (August 1967) p. 384; ISBN 0-04-826005-3

Bibliography

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Texts
Translations
  • Bresemann, Friedrich, tr., ed. (1847). Norwegische Volksmährchen (in German). Vol. 1. Asbjørnsen and Moe (orig. edd.); Ludwig Tieck (foreword). Berlin: M. Simion.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
Other

Further reading

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