Muzaffar Balkhi
Muzaffar Balkhi | |
|---|---|
| Personal | |
| Born | 1320 |
| Died | 1400 |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
Muzaffar Shams Balkhi (1320 – 1400) also known as Hazrat Muzaffar Shams Balkhi, was an indian Sufi saint, spiritual leader, author and writer.[1][2][3][4]
Early life and education
[edit]He hailed from Balkh, which is now part of Afghanistan,[5] and lived during the medieval period. After an education in Delhi,[6] he joined his father in Bihar Sharif for further studies.[7][8][9][10][11][12]
Spiritual career
[edit]He was known for his teachings on mysticism, spirituality, and the Sufi path. He attracted disciples from various walks of life who were drawn to his wisdom and spiritual guidance.[13][14] His teachings emphasized the inner journey of the soul towards divine union and the importance of love, compassion, and devotion in achieving spiritual enlightenment.[15][16][17][18]
Like many Sufi saints of his time, his life and teachings have been preserved through oral traditions, hagiographies, and Sufi literature. He is revered by many Sufi orders and continues to be venerated by followers of Sufism in the region.[19][20][21]
References
[edit]- ^ Ahmad, Aziz (1961). "Syed Hasan (ed.): Majmu-i-ashaar: Maulana Muzaffar Shams Balkhī.(Arabic & Persian Research Institute Publication Series, 2.) [i], 20, 96, [ii] pp. Patna: Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Arabic and Persian, 1958". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 24 (1): 174. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00140753. ISSN 1474-0699. S2CID 162011476.
- ^ "The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760 "d0e4434"". publishing.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2023-12-23.
- ^ Murshid, Ghulam (2018-01-25). Bengali Culture Over a Thousand Years. Niyogi Books. ISBN 978-93-86906-12-0.
- ^ Haidar, Mansura (2004). Sufis, Sultans, and Feudal Orders: Professor Nurul Hasan Commemoration Volume. Manohar. ISBN 978-81-7304-548-6.
- ^ Stein, Burton (2010-04-12). A History of India. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4051-9509-6.
- ^ Sufis of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Kitab Bhavan. 2002. ISBN 978-81-7151-317-8.
- ^ "Profile of Muzaffar Balkhi". Sufinama. Retrieved 2023-12-23.
- ^ Jackson S. J., P. (2012-04-24), "Muẓaffar S̲h̲ams Balk̲h̲ī", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Brill, retrieved 2023-12-23
- ^ Heesterman; Abdullah; Alam; Wesseling; Lapian; Raychaudhuri, Tapan; Kumar; Dobbin; Wie (2023-07-31). Comparative History of India and Indonesia, Volume 4 India and Indonesia: General Perspectives. Essays. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-64388-8.
- ^ Ernst, C.; Lawrence, B. (2016-04-30). Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-09581-7.
- ^ Ray, Aniruddha (2011). The Varied Facets of History: Essays in Honour of Aniruddha Ray. Primus Books. ISBN 978-93-80607-16-0.
- ^ Asthana, Pratima; Jafri, Saiyid Zaheer Husain (2009). Transformations in Indian History (in Hindi). Anamika Publishers & Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7975-261-6.
- ^ Renard, John (1998-06-18). Windows on the House of Islam: Muslim Sources on Spirituality and Religious Life. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21086-8.
- ^ Akter, Razia (2021-12-06). Islam in Bangladesh. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-47804-6.
- ^ Hanif, N. (2000). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-81-7625-087-0.
- ^ Siddiq, Mohammad Yusuf (2015-11-19). Epigraphy and Islamic Culture: Inscriptions of the Early Muslim Rulers of Bengal (1205-1494). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-58746-0.
- ^ Alam, Muzaffar (2004). The Languages of Political Islam: India, 1200-1800. Hurst & Company. ISBN 978-1-85065-709-5.
- ^ Heesterman, J. C. (June 1989). India and Indonesia: General Perspectives. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-08365-3.
- ^ Sarwar, Dr Firoj High; Ganguly, Biswarup (2024-01-10). India and Identity - Some Reflections. Blue Rose Publishers.
- ^ Manīrī, Sharaf al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyá (1980). The Hundred Letters. Paulist Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-2229-5.
- ^ Simlandy, Sagar; Mandal, Ganesh Kr (2021-07-07). History of India & Abroad. BFC Publications. ISBN 978-93-90880-20-1.