Muhammad Tajuddin
| Muhammad Tajuddin | |
|---|---|
| Sultan of Brunei | |
| Reign | 1778 – 26 or 27 April 1804 |
| Predecessor | Omar Ali Saifuddin I |
| Successor | Muhammad Jamalul Alam I |
| Reign | 10 November 1804 – 1807 |
| Predecessor | Muhammad Jamalul Alam I |
| Successor | Muhammad Kanzul Alam |
| Died | 1807 Brunei |
| Burial | |
| House | Bolkiah |
| Father | Omar Ali Saifuddin I |
| Mother | Pengiran Anak Putri |
| Religion | Islam |
Muhammad Tajuddin (died 1807) was the Sultan of Brunei from 1778 to 1804 and again from 1804 to 1807. He succeeded his father, Omar Ali Saifuddin I, to the throne in 1778, and served until 1804 before abdicating in favor of his son, Muhammad Jamalul Alam I. However, after his son died later that year, Tajuddin regained the throne and served until his death in 1807.
Biography
[edit]Tajuddin was the eldest son of Omar Ali Saifuddin I, the 18th Sultan of Brunei, and his wife Pengiran Anak Putri.[1] Originally Pengiran Muda Besar Muhammad Tajuddin, he was the heir to the throne and assumed it when his father abdicated[a] in 1778.[1][3][4] He thus assumed the title of Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin upon assuming the throne.[3][4] His father died in 1795 after Tajuddin had reigned for about 17 years.[1]
During his reign, Tajuddin commissioned Khatib Abdul Latif to create the Batu Tarsilah, a stone tablet chronicling the genealogy of Brunei Sultans, completed in 1807.[1][5] The tablet was placed near his grave after his death.[6] He also ordered the construction of a waqf, to house Bruneian pilgrims on Hajj to Mecca.[3] He often sent envoys to China to market Bruneian goods, and also was noted for sending a messenger to Spain in Manila to make peace with them.[3]
Tajuddin had at least two sons: Muhammad Jamalul Alam I and Pengiran Anak Muhammad Yusof.[7] On April 26 or April 27 1804, he abdicated and gave the throne to his son Muhammad Jamalul Alam I, due to advanced age.[1][2] However, his son died on 10 November, seven months into his tenure.[1] Yura Halim noted that Tajuddin then offered the throne to his other son, Muhammad Yusof, but he declined the position due to the extensive responsibilities.[7] Jamalul Alam's infant son was then designated the heir and Tajuddin resumed as Sultan, planning to serve until his grandson reached maturity.[7]
Tajuddin offered the role of regent to Muhammad Kanzul Alam, his younger half-brother, which he willingly accepted. Yet, mindful of Kanzul Alam's ambitions to advance his own lineage, Muhammad Tajuddin appointed Pehin Jawatan Dalam Awang Munap and the heir's mother, Raja Isteri Noor Alam, as additional advisors to the young Pengiran Muda Omar Ali Saifuddin II. This move aimed to preserve the royal lineage and stability within Brunei's political traditions, ensuring that Omar Ali would eventually ascend to the throne. Muhammad Tajuddin, cautious about Kanzul Alam's commitment to their 1806 agreement, hoped these measures would prevent a potential power struggle.[7]
Tajuddin died in 1807 and was buried outside of Kubah Makam Di Raja, Bandar Seri Begawan; Kanzul Alam subsequently declared himself to be the next Sultan.[1][7] Kanzul Alam, upon his death, passed the title of Sultan to his son, Muhammad Alam, which broke an agreement he had made with Tajuddin for Omar Ali to become Sultan upon coming of age. This resulted in a civil war due to competing claims over the Sultanate, concluding with Alam's death and Omar Ali's ascension to the throne in 1828.[7]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Hussain Ahmad, Mohammed (February 2020). "Sumbangan Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin ibni Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I Menerusi Wakaf di Makkah Tahun 1809" [Contribution of Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin ibni Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I through Waqf in Mecca in 1809]. Kesultanan Brunei Darussalam (in Malay). Bandar Seri Begawan: Persatuan Sejarah Brunei. pp. 91–127 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ a b Sidhu, Jatswan S. (December 20, 2016). Historical Dictionary of Brunei Darussalam. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. XXIX. ISBN 9781442264595.
- ^ a b c d "Sejarah Sultan-Sultan Brunei" (PDF). Hmjubliemas.gov.bn (in Malay). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 January 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ a b Borneo Bulletin Brunei Yearbook. Brunei Press. 2007. pp. E-90.
- ^ Shariffuddin, Pengiran M.; Ibrahim, Abdul Latiff (1974). "'BATU TARSELAH': The Genealogical Tablet of the Sultans of Brunei". Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 47 (1 (225)). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society: 87–95. ISSN 0126-7353. JSTOR 41511016. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
- ^ de Vienne, Marie-Sybille (2015). Brunei: From the Age of Commerce to the 21st Century. NUS Press. p. 74. ISBN 9789971698188.
- ^ a b c d e f Haji Mail, Haji Awang Asbol; Anwar, Zaidul (2016). "Sultan Muhammad Alam: Roles in Civil War". Jurnal Darussalam (in Malay). 16. Bandar Seri Begawan: Brunei History Centre, Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports: 6–23.
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