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Megalagrion

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Megalagrion
M. blackburni
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Suborder: Zygoptera
Family: Coenagrionidae
Genus: Megalagrion
McLachlan, 1883
Species

See text

Megalagrion is a genus of damselflies in the family Coenagrionidae. It contains approximately 26 species, all of which are endemic to Hawaiʻi. Megalagrion damselflies are the only native damselflies in Hawaiʻi, and are referred to as "pinapinao" in ʻ ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi. Other endemic Hawaiian Odonata are the dragonflies Anax strenuus and Nesogonia blackburni, which are referred to as "pinao".

Nymphal Megalagrion live in widely diverse habitats, including the expected streams and pools. Megalagrion also exploit some surprising habitats such as plant leaf axils of the 'ie'ie vine, waterfall faces and seeps, and even damp fern litter outside of the water. M. oahuense is the only species of damselfly whose naiad is terrestrial, living in damp leaf litter under banks of uluhe ferns until metamorphosis.

Many species of Megalagrion are in danger due to habitat loss and predation by non-native fish such as mosquitofish. To protect them, non-native fish should never be released in Hawaiian streams.

The genus contains the following species:[1]

References

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  1. ^ Paulson, D.; Schorr, M.; Abbott, J.; Bota-Sierra, C.; Deliry, C.; Dijkstra, K.-D.; Lozano, F. (2023). "World Odonata List". OdonataCentral, University of Alabama. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  2. ^ Polhemus, D.A. (2006). "Megalagrion adytum". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006. IUCN: e.T12949A3401589. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T12949A3401589.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  3. ^ Odonata Specialist Group (1996). "Megalagrion jugorum". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T12953A3402100. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T12953A3402100.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  4. ^ Clausnitzer, V. (2009). "Megalagrion koelense". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2009. IUCN: e.T159123A5318818. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009-2.RLTS.T159123A5318818.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  5. ^ Polhemus, D.A. (2006). "Megalagrion leptodemas". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006. IUCN: e.T12954A3402213. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T12954A3402213.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  6. ^ Polhemus, D.A. (2006). "Megalagrion molokaiense". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006. IUCN: e.T59740A12010600. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T59740A12010600.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  7. ^ Polhemus, D.A. (2006). "Megalagrion nesiotes". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006. IUCN: e.T59741A12010678. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T59741A12010678.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  8. ^ Odonata Specialist Group (1996). "Megalagrion nigrohamatum". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T12955A3402384. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T12955A3402384.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  9. ^ Odonata Specialist Group (1996). "Megalagrion oahuense". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T12961A3403110. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T12961A3403110.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  10. ^ Odonata Specialist Group (1996). "Megalagrion oceanicum". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T12958A3402487. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T12958A3402487.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  11. ^ Odonata Specialist Group (1996). "Megalagrion pacificum". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T12959A3402624. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T12959A3402624.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  12. ^ Clausnitzer, V. (2009). "Megalagrion paludicola". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2009. IUCN: e.T159125A5319272. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009-2.RLTS.T159125A5319272.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  13. ^ Odonata Specialist Group (1996). "Megalagrion xanthomelas". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T12960A3402962. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T12960A3402962.en. Retrieved 24 December 2017.