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Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat

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Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat
مجلسِ تحفظِ ختمِ نبوت
Secretary-GeneralPir Afzal Qadri
LeaderSahibzada Hamid Raza
FounderMohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi
Founded1950
IdeologyKhatam an-Nabiyyin
ColorsGreen
Website
http://www.khatm-e-nubuwwat.org
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Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat (Urdu: مجلسِ تحفظِ ختمِ نبوت, lit. '"The Assembly to Protect the End of Prophethood"') is the programmatic name of a Pakistani Barelvi organization and Islamic religious movement in Pakistan aiming to protect the belief in the finality of prophethood of Muhammad based on Quran and Sunnah concept of Khatam an-Nabiyyin.[1] It was founded by Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi in 1950 with Zafar Ali Khan, Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni, Khwaja Qamar ul Din Sialvi, Syed Faiz-ul Hassan Shah, Ahmad Saeed Kazmi, Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi, Pir of Manki Sharif Amin ul-Hasanat, Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari, Sardar Ahmad Qadri and Muhammad Hussain Naeemi. Later on the prominent Barelvi leaders Shah Ahmad Noorani, Shaikh ul Quran Allama Ghulam Ali Okarvi, Pir Muhammad Alauddin Siddiqui, Muhammad Shafee Okarvi, Syed Shujaat Ali Qadri, Iftikharul Hasan Shah and Khalid Hasan Shah also joined them to oppose the Ahmadiyya Movement.[2]

After Independence of Pakistan

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The roots of Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat can be traced back to the 1880s when Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian proclaimed himself to be a prophet in Islam. The organization gained momentum during the 1953 riots against Ahmadi Muslims. The Court of enquiry report on the disturbances explains the real reasons for this violent uprising against Ahmadiyya. Main reasons being criticism of Ahmadi was due to the theological differences and using the Ahmadiyya issues by Muslim conservatives to gain political mileage. The rioters had three major demands:

  1. Removal of Sir Muhammad Zafarullah Khan from the foreign ministry
  2. Removal of Ahmadi Muslims from top government offices;
  3. Declaration of Ahmadis as non-Muslims.

The movement launched countrywide campaigns and protests to persecute Ahmadis across the nation. Majlis, along with many religious leaders, spearheaded this movement to declare Ahmadis as non-Muslims.[3]

Ahmadis declared Non-Muslims in 1974

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Many Islamist theologians Pakistan particularly Ulama-I-Ahle-Sunnat under the leadership of Shah Ahmad Noorani Siddiqui started a successful campaign against the Ahmadis and compelled the members of the National Assembly to declare Ahmadis as non-Muslims. And such a clause was inserted in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan declaring that followers of Mirza Ghulam Ahmed are non-Muslims by Second Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan. After meeting the first agenda, Khatme-Nabuwat started the next phase of their campaign – to force Ahmadis to comply with the new law. They started demanding legal sanctions on Ahmadis barring them from using the title of Muslim. This campaign was at its peak when Shah Ahmad Noorani and Punjab-based Khalid Hasan Shah were leading the Kul Jamaati Majlis-e-Amal Tahafuz-e-Khatam-e-Nabuwat in 1984 and 1985. The then president General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq passed an ordinance in 1984 amending the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) that called for punitive sanctions on Ahmadis in 1984, commonly known as Ordinance XX.[4]

Present

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The TLP political party opposes any change in the blasphemy law of Pakistan and also claims the hanging of Mumtaz Qadri was unjustifiable. They demand that Sharia law be established as law of Pakistan through a gradual legal and political process.[5] This is a Sunni majority group and most of its members belong to Barelvi school of thought.[6]

Restoration of Khatm e Nabuwat Bill

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Main article: 2017 Tehreek-e-Labaik protest

The government of Pakistan uses the word "oath". This word was changed to "declaration" in "Elections Bill 2017", by government authorities. Country wide objections arose about this change, Minister of Law Zahid Hamid said "The statement of objects and reasons of the amended in order to avoid controversy, there is a consensus among the political parties in the National Assembly that the original text of ‘Declaration and oath by the person nominated”, included in original form-1A should be restored in toto'.[7] Tehreek Labbaik Pakistan, being a pro-Muslim party, went on to protests. The protests occurred in whole country including federal capital, Islamabad.[8][9]

Khadim Hussain Rizvi declared to continue the protests until their demands were met.[10] In November 2017, government restored the previous version of the blasphemy law and Khatm e Nabuwat.[7] They continued their protests even after restoration of words for Khatm-e-Nabuwat for elections bill. According to this Tehreek, it was a plan to weaken Khatm-e-Nabuwat. The Tehreek demanded resignations of Zahid Hamid for he was held responsible for the change of words and Rana Sanaullah Khan for his pro-Ahmadiyya speeches. The government cut off food and water supply to participants of sit-in but they declared to continue the protests until all of their demands were fulfilled.[11] The political unrest caused economic damage to the country.[12]

Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference

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Annual Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference is held every year at Jamia Masjid Ahrar Rabwah under the aegis of Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat and Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam.[citation needed]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Kamran, Tahir (November 2015). "The Pre-History of Religious Exclusionism in Contemporary Pakistan: Khatam-e-Nubuwwat 1889–1953*". Modern Asian Studies. 49 (6): 1840–1874. doi:10.1017/S0026749X14000043. ISSN 0026-749X. S2CID 147186918.
  2. ^ ".::Majlis.e.ahrar.e.islam Pakistan". www.ahrar.org.pk. Archived from the original on 23 March 2014.
  3. ^ Profile of Mufti Mahmood on storyofpakistan.com website Retrieved 9 April 2019
  4. ^ Pakistan and Ahmadis (Government of Pakistan - Law for Ahmadis) on The Gazette of Pakistan - a government website Published 26 April 1984, Retrieved 10 April 2019
  5. ^ The rise and rise of Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan Today (newspaper), Updated 31 July 2018, Retrieved 10 April 2019
  6. ^ Kalbe Ali, Who is leading this sit-in? Dawn (newspaper), 29 March 2016, Accessed 10 April 2019
  7. ^ a b "National Assembly passes bill to restore Khatm-e-Nabuwat oath". The Nation (newspaper). 6 October 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  8. ^ Asad Hashim (6 July 2018). "Tehreek-e-Labbaik: New far right campaigns against 'blasphemy'". Aljazeera News website. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  9. ^ Abu Bakar (10 January 2017). "Short Introduction to Allama Khadim Hussain Rizvi". www.worldprss.com. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  10. ^ "Tehreek Labaik Ya Rasool Allah (SAW) protest continue". Times of Islamabad. 9 November 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  11. ^ Pakistan army called on to stop 'blasphemy' clashes in Islamabad bbc.co.uk website, Retrieved 10 April 2019
  12. ^ Islamabad Metro bus station resumes service after bearing damage of Rs12m. Pakistan Today (newspaper), 31 March 2016, Accessed 10 April 2019
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