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MTV Brasil

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the current Viacom-owned pay television channel, see MTV (Brazilian TV channel). For the song, see Viva La Juerga. For the cable TV channel in Portugal, see MTV (Portuguese TV channel).

MTV Brasil
TypeOver-the-air television network
CountryBrazil
AffiliatesSee List of MTV Brasil affiliates
HeadquartersSão Paulo, Brazil
Programming
Language(s)Portuguese
Picture format480i (4:3 SDTV)
1080i (16:9 HDTV)
Ownership
OwnerGrupo Abril
MTV Networks (1996–2009)[1]
ParentAbril Radiodifusão
History
Launched20 October 1990 (1990-10-20)
FounderGrupo Abril and MTV Networks
ReplacedTV Abril (1989-1990)
Closed1 April 2012 (2012-04-01) (Satellite TV)
30 September 2013 (2013-09-30) (terrestrial television)
Replaced by
  • Ideal TV (terrestrial television)
  • MTV (pay television)
  • BRZ (Satellite TV)
Former namesTV Abril (1989–1990)

MTV Brasil was a Brazilian over-the-air television network owned by Grupo Abril focused on the youth and entertainment. The network was launched on 20 October 1990, as the first specialty television network to broadcast over-the-air, becoming the local version of MTV.[2] It was the third MTV iteration launched in the world, and the first to broadcast via terrestrial television.

The network headquarters was at 52 Avenida Professor Alfonso Bovero, Sumaré, São Paulo city, which was formerly the headquarters of Rede Tupi. This building was listed by Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico (Condephaat) as having an historical heritage, becoming the first to be officially listed in the city.[3]

At the beginning of the 2010s, the channel was considered the largest youth network and the seventh largest terrestrial TV network in Brazil; it is still counted by Meio&Mensagem newspaper as the fifth most-viewed TV network in the country.[4][5] MTV Brasil was the first network in the country dedicated to young people,[6][7] targeting the "A/B audience" between the ages of 15 and 29.[8] It is also first TV network in Brazil to broadcast their programming 24-hours-a-day, morning and night.[9]


In June 2013, Grupo Abril began the process of returning the MTV brand to ViacomCBS (now Paramount Global) due to the major financial crisis that both the group and the broadcaster were facing. The network ended its broadcasts on September 30, 2013. Viacom, in turn, relaunched MTV on pay TV a day later. On terrestrial television, the network was replaced by Ideal TV.[10]

Background

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MTV, acronym of Music Television, debuted in the United States on 20 August 1981 under the control of Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment.[11][12] Today owned by Viacom, the subscription network revolutionized the music industry worldwide with the popularization of music videos, that were showcased by hosts known as video jockeys, or “VJ’s”.[13][14] In Brazil, the company has partnered with the Rede Bandeirantes for the broadcasting of special events, such as awards shows.[15]

The music video itself first came to Brazil through the Rede Globo's weekly news and entertainment show Fantástico. The news magazine was the only TV show to produce and broadcast this type of programming, until the early 1980s, when the independent music video producers wanted to escape the standards imposed by the network. At the same time, MTV appeared in the North American market. Throughout the decade, other programs dedicated to music videos were created, like Clip Trip, on TV Gazeta, Som Pop, on TV Cultura, FMTV and Manchete Clip Show from the defunct Rede Manchete and the Clip Clip, broadcast by Rede Globo.[16]

History

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MTV Brasil was launched on 20 October 1990, only to metropolitan São Paulo, through UHF channel A32 and metropolitan Rio de Janeiro, through VHF channel A9 (with TV Corcovado as an affiliate station). The first video shown was Garota de Ipanema, sung by Marina Lima.

In 1996, Viacom acquired 50% of the network, which was, until then, a wholly owned subsidiary of Abril.

MTV Brasil launched on Sky Brasil on August 19, 1999 for that year's edition of MTV Video Music Brasil.[17]

In 2005, due to regulatory requirements that non-Brazilian companies can own only up to 30% of a terrestrial network, Abril acquired 20% of MTV Brasil from Viacom.

In September 2006, MTV Brasil launched the broadband channel Overdrive [8] following the international model for the MTV Overdrive. Meanwhile, MTV Brasil announced that it will launch an FM radio station in January 2007 before gradually expanded nationwide.[8]

In early 2007, MTV Brasil stopped airing music videos, being its feature since its launch but was gradually reduced in the mid-2000s.[8]

Logo 2007 used until 2012 – Still used in most of the MTV shows' logos.

On 2 December 2007, after the official start of commercial HDTV broadcasts in Brazil, MTV launched MTV HD, a simulcast of the main MTV service, featuring original high-definition series and MTV2's $2 Bill concerts. MTV HD is currently available over-the-air in São Paulo. In January 2008, MTV changed its broadcast frequency in Rio de Janeiro from UHF channel 24 to 48. On 1 September 2008 starts transmitting on satellite Star One C2 (70°W South America coverage) by analog system PAL-M, free-to-air frequency 4010H after being encrypted since 1993. This is seen as a response to NET Brasil (a wholly owned subsidiary of Organizações Globo that distributes channels to NET Serviços – and its affiliates – and SKY Brasil) dropping MTV from its systems, after disagreeing to MTV conditioning its carriage on cable and satellite to the carriage of Abril owned channels Fiz and Ideal, which, for low viewership (especially since they were never carried by Net or Sky), were closed down in July 2009. MTV remains available on Net cable in markets where it's a must-carry station, for being a full-power broadcast station covering that market.

In December 2009, Abril announced it would purchase Viacom's stake in MTV Brasil and gain exclusive rights to use the MTV brand in Brazil.

MTV Brasil was one of the few MTV channels around the world that didn't air Laguna Beach or any of its spin-offs (such as The Hills), since they were picked up by competitor Multishow.

On 15 May 2013, journalist Keila Jimenez published an article in her blog Outro Canal that Grupo Abril was not going to continue to manage the channel until the end of that year, due to the risk of bankruptcy. On 12 June, Kelia posted that Grupo Abril was going to return the brand MTV to Viacom and was going to release a new channel in its place. This was later confirmed by another journalist, Patricia Kogut.[18] A day later, MTV Brasil canceled three TV shows: Acesso MTV, MTV Sem Vergonha and A Hora do Chay and its VJs were fired. A week later, Zico Góes, head of programming on the channel, confirmed that the brand MTV was returned to Viacom and MTV Brasil was going to continue with new TV shows until the end of September. On 29 July, Viacom International Media Networks announced that the channel would be relaunched on 1 October on pay TV. Grupo Abril announced a goodbye special of the channel from free-to-air television on 30 September. In September, Grupo Abril agreed to sell the entire archive (almost 33 thousand VHS video-tapes) to Viacom. Most of the collection is being selected by Zico Góes, who is scheduled to release a book with the My MTV special shows. The last live TV show of MTV Brasil was held on 26 September, with the VJs and employees of the channel making a party around the former MTV building in Perdizes. It was held from 6 pm to midnight (BRT).

The last TV show aired was O Último Programa do Mundo ("The Last Program in the World"). Cuca Lazarotto, who introduced the first music video aired on MTV Brasil, also introduced the last music video, "Maracatu Atômico" by Chico Science & Nação Zumbi.[19] Astrid Fontenelle appeared to give the last message aired by MTV Brasil (which was recorded in the third week of September) and close MTV Brasil's broadcasting. Fontenelle was known for being the first VJ of MTV Brasil's most famous TV show, Disk MTV. After that, the channel was replaced by Grupo Abril's Ideal TV[20] and MTV Brasil relaunched on pay TV as only "MTV" on the following day.

Sale of the former broadcaster to the Spring

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On December 18, 2013, in an official statement, Fábio Colletti Barbosa, president of Grupo Abril, announced the sale of the concessions belonging to Abril Radiofusão to Grupo Spring de Comunicação, which publishes the Brazilian edition of Rolling Stone.[21][22] This group belongs to José Roberto Maluf, former vice-president of SBT and Band, and current president of TV Cultura. The transaction values were not disclosed, but it is speculated that it is around R$200 million and also supposedly Abril refused a higher value than that coming from the religious R. R. Soares, thus making the future of the new broadcaster in its hands and probably, a secular programming[23][24]. All of this still has to be approved by the Ministry of Communications and the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (Cade). Despite not having sold the station to Soares, Abril ended up selling spaces on the station to the church of religious leader Valdemiro Santiago, due to the delay in approving the sale process to Spring.[25][23][26] The Federal Public Ministry also questioned the sale, which was approved by Cade and the Ministry of Communications.

Controversies

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Due to its proposal and target audience, MTV Brasil gave its professionals extreme creative and expressive freedom, which led to different controversies during its 23 years of existence.

Cartoons

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In the 1990s, MTV Brasil followed the trend of showing adult-oriented cartoons, such as Beavis and Butt-Head, Daria and, especially, South Park. At the time, the concept of adult animation was not known in Brazil and even cartoons like The Simpsons were seen as childish. The rejection by the public and specialized critics was immediate and such cartoons did not last long on the network's schedule despite their high ratings.

Later, MTV Brasil would revive the concept with the national series Megaliga MTV de VJs Paladinos and Fudêncio e Seus Amigos.

Indicative classification

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Not only in North American MTV animations and productions, the presence of swear words on MTV Brasil was constant at almost any time of day. Several MTV programs were reclassified by the Brazilian Rating System.

In 2007, while Abert was involved in controversies against the system, MTV Brasil defended it.[27]

Ident

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In 2002, the 12th Civil Court of São Paulo ordered Abril Radiodifusão (now Grupo Spring) to pay R$7.4 million reais for each month in which a vignette was shown where, if paused at each frame, there were photos of women in sexual situations involving sadomasochism[28][29].

In 2004, MTV began showing a ident that read: Tédio, falta de criatividade, confusão, burrice, conformismo... desliga a televisão e vá ler um livro! [Boredom, lack of creativity, confusion, stupidity, conformism... turn off the television and go read a book!]. The ident was shown in different versions - the most controversial one stayed on the screen for about 15 minutes with the order of the last sentence[30][31][32].

At the time, it was estimated that 14% of the audience for the vignette turned off the television[33].

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "MTV Networks compra 50% da MTV pertencentes à Abril". Jornal do Brasil. 20 August 1996.
  2. ^ Parente, Edianez (21 May 2013). "De onde veio e para onde vai a MTV Brasil" (in Portuguese). Observatório da Imprensa. Archived from the original on 14 June 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
  3. ^ "Condephaat tomba sede da extinta TV Tupi" (in Portuguese). R7.com. 13 March 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
  4. ^ José Paulo Sant’Anna (5 December 2011). "Veja, Globo e CBN na liderança entre os mais admirados". Meio&Mensagem. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  5. ^ "As redes de TV" (in Portuguese). Donos da Mídia. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  6. ^ "MTV" (in Portuguese). Publiabril. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  7. ^ "Trajetória pioneira" (in Portuguese). Editora Abril. 18 January 2012. Archived from the original on 12 February 2008. Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  8. ^ a b c d "MTV Brasil abandona o videoclipe; canal estréia no rádio". Tela Viva (in Brazilian Portuguese). 5 December 2006.
  9. ^ "Anos 90 – A História da Televisão no Brasil" (in Portuguese). Tudo sobre TV. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
  10. ^ Possebon, Samuel (20 September 2013). "No lugar da MTV, TV Abril terá programas de negócios e carreiras". Tela Viva (in Portuguese). Converge Comunicações. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
  11. ^ "MTV drops 'Music Television' from the network logo". Los Angeles Times (in Portuguese). 8 February 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  12. ^ "80Music.about.com". 80Music.about.com. 1 August 1981. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
  13. ^ Bahiana, Ana Maria (21 October 1990). "O mundo (quase) perfeito da MTV" (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
  14. ^ "MTV changed the music industry on August 1, 1981". CNN. 31 July 1998. Retrieved 5 June 2009.
  15. ^ "Atrações da Rede Bandeirantes". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). 24 December 1989. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
  16. ^ Paulo Cunha (October 2009). "O Videoclipe não morreu" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2011.
  17. ^ "MTV ingressa no line-up do Sky". Tela Viva. 12 August 1999. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  18. ^ Kogut, Patricia (12 June 2013). "Abril devolve MTV Brasil à programadora americana Viacom". O Globo. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
  19. ^ "MTV se despede com clipe de chico science=BBC UK". Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  20. ^ Possebon, Samuel (20 September 2013). "No lugar da MTV, TV Abril terá programas de negócios e carreiras". Tela Viva. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  21. ^ "Abril vende espólio da MTV a Spring". 18 December 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  22. ^ "Abril vende antigo canal da MTV para grupo Spring, que edita a "Rolling Stone"". Portal Imprensa. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  23. ^ a b "Ex-MTV terá programação religiosa". UOL (in Brazilian Portuguese). 13 July 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  24. ^ Possebon, Samuel (18 December 2013). "Abril vende outorgas de TV para ex-VP da Band e do SBT". Tela Viva. Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  25. ^ Castro, Daniel; Pacheco, Paulo (18 December 2013). "Abril vende canal da MTV para editora da revista Rolling Stone". Notícias da TV (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  26. ^ "Ministério Público vai à Justiça contra venda de canal de TV pela Abril". O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 10 April 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  27. ^ Redação (8 February 2007). "MTV Brasil solta nota de apoio à classificação indicativa". TELA VIVA News (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  28. ^ "Juiz manda MTV retirar clipe do ar e indenizar telespectadores". Consultor Jurídico (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  29. ^ Viveiros, Eduardo (8 November 2002). "MTV é condenada por vinheta pornográfica". Omelete (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 26 January 2025.
  30. ^ MTV Brasil, Vinheta "Desligue a TV e vá ler um livro.". 28 December 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2025 – via YouTube.
  31. ^ Desligue a TV e vá ler um livro - MTV (2004). 15 February 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2025 – via YouTube.
  32. ^ Adriano Porto Fraga (15 July 2008). MTV Transmission. Retrieved 26 January 2025 – via YouTube.
  33. ^ "MTV convence 14% da platéia a desligar a TV". Estadão (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 26 January 2025.
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