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List of lichens of Rwanda

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Rwandan landscape

The lichen flora of Rwanda, similar to many regions in Africa, remains incompletely documented. The first records of Rwandan lichens were published by Gustav Lindau (1911),[1] who collected specimens during the German expedition led by Johannes Mildbraed in the Rugege forest. This was followed by extensive studies from Belgian scientists Jacques Lambinon [fr] and Emmanuël Sérusiaux in the latter half of the 20th century.[2] Additional research was later conducted by Eberhard Fischer and colleagues.[3]

While Thomas Douglas Victor Swinscow and Hildur Krog produced a comprehensive compilation of macrolichen flora for other East African nations (Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania),[4] Rwanda's lichen species had not been similarly catalogued. Considerable gaps in documentation exist, particularly in the Byumba province of northern Rwanda, where no lichen records were published. Many groups of Rwandan lichens remain unstudied, including lichenicolous fungi, of which only four species have been documented.[3]

The lichen flora of Rwanda shows significant variation across different altitudinal zones and habitats, from montane forests to dry savannas. In the montane forest zones, lichens often form exuberant growths, with many species showing specific preferences for certain elevation ranges. The bamboo zones, Hagenia-Hypericum forests, and high-altitude ericaceous vegetation each harbour distinctive lichen communities.[2]

This is a list of the lichen species in Rwanda. It is based on the 2007 checklist by Christina Bock, Markus Hauck, and Fischer,[3] and new records of species from the country published since that time.

Species

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Some crustose lichens grow amongst a small community of organisms on this rock outcrop on Kanyarira mountain in Muhanga
Crustose lichens on a rock on Mount Kigali

Lichenicolous fungi:

References

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  1. ^ Lindau, G. (1911). "Lichenes". In Mildbraed, J. (ed.). Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition 1907-1908 (in German). Vol. 2. pp. 101–110.
  2. ^ a b Lambinon, J.; Sérusiaux, E. (1983). "Contribution á l'étude des lichens du Kivu (Zaire), du Rwanda et du Burundi. VII. Approche écogéographique de la flore et de la végétation lichéniques dans Pest de P Afrique centrale". Bothalia. 14 (3/4): 533–538. doi:10.4102/abc.v14i3/4.1204.
  3. ^ a b c Bock, C.; Hauck, M.; Fischer, E. (2007). "The lichen flora of Rwanda: an annotated checklist". Willdenowia. 37 (2): 563–575. doi:10.3372/wi.37.37216.
  4. ^ Swinscow, Thomas Douglas Victor; Krog, Hildur (1988). Macrolichens of East Africa. London: British Museum (Natural History). ISBN 978-0-565-01039-3.
  5. ^ Sérusiaux, E. (1989). "Echinoplaca furcata, a new species of foliicolous lichen (Gomphillaceae) from Rwanda" (PDF). Mycotaxon. 35: 237–242.
  6. ^ Bock, Christina; Hauck, Markus (2005). "Graphis tetralocularis, a new lichen with four-celled ascospores from tropical Africa". The Lichenologist. 37 (2): 105–108. doi:10.1017/s0024282904014719.
  7. ^ Fischer, Eberhard; Killmann, Dorothee; Ertz, Damien; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël (2017). "Heterodermia pindurae (Physciaceae)—a new foliose lichen from Rwanda". Phytotaxa. 311 (3): 277–282. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.311.3.8.
  8. ^ a b Elix, John A.; Fischer, Eberhard; Killmann, Dorothee (2005). "New saxicolous species of Hypotrachyna and Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae) from Rwanda". The Lichenologist. 37 (2): 101–104. doi:10.1017/S0024282905014799.
  9. ^ Sérusiaux, Emmanuël; Fischer, Eberhard; Killmann, Dorothee (2006). "Nyungwea, a new genus of lichen with goniocyst-producing stipes from Rwanda and Uganda (East Africa)" (PDF). The Lichenologist. 38 (2): 115–121. doi:10.1017/s0024282906005548.
  10. ^ Ertz, Damien; Killmann, Dorothee; Razafindrahaja, Tahina; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël; Fischer, Eberhard (2010). "Two new species of Syncesia (Arthoniales, Roccellaceae) from Africa". The Lichenologist. 42 (1): 43–49. doi:10.1017/S002428290999051X.

Further reading

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  • Archer, A.W.; Elix, J.A.; Fischer, E.; Killmann, D.; Sérusiaux, E. (2009). "The lichen genus Pertusaria (Ascomycota) in Central Africa (Congo/Kivu, Rwanda and Burundi) and western Kenya" (PDF). Nova Hedwigia. 88 (3–4): 309–333. doi:10.1127/0029-5035/2009/0088-0309.
  • Killmann, D; Fischer, E (2005). "New records for the lichen flora of Rwanda, East Africa". Willdenowia. 35: 193–204. doi:10.3372/wi.35.35116.
  • Sérusiaux, E. (1978). "Contribution à l'étude des lichens du Kivu (Zaïre), du Rwanda et du Burundi II. Espèces nouvelles de lichens foliicoles". Lejeunia. 90: 1–18.
  • Sérusiaux, E. (1979). "Contribution à l'étude des lichens du Kivu (Zaïre), du Rwanda et du Burundi IV. Le genre Stereocaulon". Revue Bryologique et Lichénologique. 45: 1–43.
  • Sérusiaux, E. (1981). "Contribution à l'étude des lichens du Kivu (Zaïre), du Rwanda et du Burundi VI. Les genres Coccocarpia Pers. et Lobaria (Schreb.) Hoffm". Cryptogamie, Bryologie, Lichénologie. 2: 461–469.
  • Sérusiaux, E. (1984). "Contribution à l'étude des lichens du Kivu (Zaïre), du Rwanda et du Burundi VIII. New and interesting species of parmeliaceous lichens". Bryologist. 87: 1–11. doi:10.2307/3242875. JSTOR 3242875.
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