List of invasive species in Africa
Invasive species found in Africa include:
Plants
[edit]
- Acacia species (Australian wattles)[1]
- Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)
- Caesalpinia decapetala (Mauritius thorn)[1]
- Cereus jamacaru (Queen of the Night cactus)[1]
- Chromolaena odorata (Triffid weed)[1]
- Eichhornia crassipes[1] (Water hyacinth)[2]
- Eucalyptus spp. (Eucalyptus or gum trees)[1]
- Hakea spp.[1]
- Lantana camara[1]
- Melia azedarach (Persian lilac, chinaberry)[3]
- Myriophyllum aquaticum (Parrot's feather)[1]
- Opuntia spp. (Prickly pear)[1]
- Pereskia aculeata[1]
- Pinus spp. (Pine)[4]
- Prosopis spp. (Mesquite)[1]
- Ricinus communis (Castor oil plant)[5]
- Rubus spp. (Bramble)[6][7][8][9]
- Salvinia molesta (Kariba weed, giant salvinia)[1]
- Solanum mauritianum (Bugweed)[1]
Tunicates
[edit]- Ciona intestinalis (sea vase) [10]
Annelids
[edit]- Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Australian tubeworm)
- Boccardia proboscidea (shell worm) [1]
Molluscs
[edit]- Aplexa marmorata (marbled tadpole snail) [2]
- Bradybaena similaris (Asian trampsnail)[11]
- Cochlicella barbara (potbellied helicellid)[11]
- Cornu aspersum (garden snail)
- Deroceras invadens (tramp slug)
- Deroceras laeve (marsh slug)[11]
- Euglandina rosea (rosy wolfsnail) [3]
- Limax flavus (yellow slug)[11]
- Milax gagates (greenhouse slug)[11]
- Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mediterranean mussel)[12]
- Pinctada radiata (Gulf pearl oyster) [4]
- Pseudosuccinea columella (mimic lymnaea) [5]
- Semimytilus algosus (Pacific mussel) [6]
- Tarebia granifera (quilted melania) [7]
- Theba pisana (white garden snail)
- Zonitoides arboreus (quick gloss)[11]
Crustaceans
[edit]- Carcinus maenas (European shore crab)
- Cherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish)
- Limnoria quadripunctata (gribble) [8]
- Percnon gibbesi (Sally Lightfoot crab)
- Procambarus clarkii (red swamp crawfish) [9]
- Procambarus virginalis (Marbled crayfish)[13]
Arachnids
[edit]Insects
[edit]- Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) [10]
- Aleurodicus dispersus (spiralling whitefly)
- Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) [11]
- Aleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly) [12]
- Anopheles stephensi [13]
- Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant) [14]
- Aphis spiraecola (green citrus aphid) [15]
- Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale) [16]
- Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly)
- Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly) [17]
- Bactrocera invadens (Asian fruit fly)
- Bactrocera zonata (peach fruit fly) [18]
- Bemisia tabaci (silverleaf whitefly)
- Cactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth) [19]
- Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) [20]
- Ceratitis rosa (Natal fruit fly) [21]
- Chionaspis pinifoliae (pine needle scale insect) [22]
- Cinara cupressi (cypress aphid) [23]
- Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite)
- Cosmopolites sordidus (banana root borer) [24]
- Cryptotermes brevis (West Indian drywood termite)
- Ctenarytaina eucalypti (blue gum psyllid) [25]
- Diuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid) [26]
- Eulachnus rileyi (pine needle aphid) [27]
- Euwallacea fornicatus (tea shot hole borer) [28]
- Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) [29]
- Harmonia axyridis (Asian lady beetle) [30]
- Hylastes ater (black pine bark beetle)
- Hylurgus ligniperda (red-haired pine bark beetle) [31]
- Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) [32]
- Linepithema humile (Argentine ant)
- Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)[33]
- Maconellicoccus hirsutus (hibiscus mealybug)
- Orthotomicus erosus (Mediterranean pine engraver) [34]
- Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug) [35]
- Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug) [36]
- Pineus pini (pine woolly aphid) [37]
- Polistes dominula (European paper wasp [38]
- Prostephanus truncatus (larger grain borer)
- Pseudococcus calceolariae (Citrophilus mealybug) [39]
- Sirex noctilio (Sirex woodwasp)
- Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
- Technomyrmex albipes (white-footed ant)
- Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) [40]
- Trialeurodes ricini (castor bean whitefly) [41]
- Trichomyrmex destructor (destructive trailing ant) [42]
- Vespula germanica (European wasp)
- Wasmannia auropunctata (electric ant)
- Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer) [43]
- Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) [44]
- Xylosandrus compactus (black twig borer) [45]
Fish
[edit]- Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) [46]
- Cyprinus carpio (common carp) [47][48]
- Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish) [49]
- Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish) [50]
- Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) [51]
- Lates niloticus (Nile perch)
- Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) [52]
- Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass) [53]
- Micropterus floridanus (Florida bass) [54]
- Micropterus punctulatus (spotted bass) [55]
- Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) [56]
- Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) [57]
- Perca fluviatilis (European perch) [58]
- Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (vermiculated sailfin catfish) [59]
- Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon) [60]
- Tinca tinca (tench) [61]
Amphibians
[edit]- Amietophrynus gutturalis (guttural toad) [62]
Reptiles
[edit]- Emys orbicularis (European pond turtle) [63]
- Gehyra mutilata (stump-tailed gecko) [64]
- Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko)[14]
- Lepidodactylus lugubris (mourning gecko) [65]
- Tarentola mauritanica (Moorish wall gecko) [66]
- Trachemys scripta ssp. elegans (red-eared slider)[14]
Birds
[edit]- Acridotheres tristis (common myna)
- Anas platyrhynchos (mallard)
- Columba livia (rock dove)
- Corvus splendens (house crow) [67]
- Fringilla coelebs (common chaffinch) [68]
- Passer domesticus (house sparrow)[citation needed]
- Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet) [69]
- Quelea quelea (red-billed quelea)
- Sturnus vulgaris (common starling) [70]
- Tyto alba (western barn owl) [71]
Mammals
[edit]- Ammotragus lervia (Barbary sheep) [72]
- Canis lupus (feral dog)
- Capra aegagrus (wild goat)
- Dama dama (fallow deer)
- Equus africanus (feral donkey)
- Felis silvestris (feral cat)
- Funambulus palmarum (three-striped palm squirrel)[citation needed]
- Hemitragus jemlahicus (Himalayan tahr)
- Herpestes javanicus (small Asian mongoose) [73]
- Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque)
- Mus musculus (house mouse)
- Myocastor coypus (coypu) [74]
- Oryctolagus cuniculus (European rabbit)
- Ovis orientalis (mouflon) [75]
- Rattus norvegicus (brown rat)
- Rattus rattus (black rat)
- Suncus murinus (Asian house shrew) [76]
- Sus scrofa (wild boar)
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Invasive plant species Archived 2008-12-20 at the Wayback Machine. Plant Protection Research Institute. South Africa Agricultural Research Council. Last updated 2008-05-29. Retrieved on 2008-11-28.
- ^ Hussein, Walaa (September 7, 2016). "How this invasive flower is taking over the Nile". Al-Monitor. CAIRO.
- ^ Element Stewardship Abstract for Melia azedarach. Nature Conservancy Wildland Invasive Species Program, 2000. Retrieved on 2008-12-01.
- ^ Pinus patula in South Africa. Nyoka, B.I. Biosecurity in Forestry: A Case Study on the Status of Invasive Forest Tree Species in Southern Africa. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003. Retrieved on 2008-11-28.
- ^ Legislation on weeds and invasive plants in South Africa Archived 2011-09-28 at the Wayback Machine. Agricultural Research Council. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.
- ^ Rubus discolor alien range. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.
- ^ Rubus moluccanus alien range. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.
- ^ Rubus niveus alien range. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.
- ^ Rubus rosifolius alien range. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.
- ^ Ciona intestinalis (tunicate). Global Invasive Species Database. ISSG.
- ^ a b c d e f Herbert, David G (2010). The introduced terrestrial Mollusca of South Africa (PDF). Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute. ISBN 978-1-919976-56-3.
- ^ South Africa: Molluscs. Global Invasive Species Database. ISSG.
- ^ Julia P. G. Jones; Jeanne R. Rasamy; Andrew Harvey; Alicia Toon; Birgit Oidtmann; Michele H. Randrianarison; Noromalala Raminosoa; Olga R. Ravoahangimalala (2008). "The perfect invader: a parthenogenic crayfish poses a new threat to Madagascar's freshwater biodiversity". Biological Invasions. 11 (6): 1475–1482. doi:10.1007/s10530-008-9334-y.
- ^ a b South Africa: Reptiles. Global Invasive Species Database. ISSG.