List of conflicts between Romans and Persians

The following is a list of wars fought between Romans and Persians.

  Roman/Byzantine victory - 10

  Parthian/Sasanian victory - 7

  Inconclusive or Pro/Anti-Roman victory - 7

Date	War	Belligerents	Belligerents	Result	Notes
53 bc	Battle of Carrhae	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Parthian Victory	Beginning of the Roman-Persian Wars
40-38 bc	Pompeian–Parthian invasion of 40 BC	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Pro-Pompeian defeat	status quo ante bellum beginning of Antony's Atropatene campaign
36-20 bc	Antony's Atropatene campaign	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Parthian Victory	status quo ante bellum beginning of Antony's campaign against Armenia
58-63 AD	Roman–Parthian War of 58–63	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Inconclusive	Treaty of Rhandeia
115-117 AD	Trajan's Parthian campaign	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Roman victory	Romans annexed Mesopotamia
161-166 AD	Roman–Parthian War of 161–166	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Roman victory	Arsacids re-established on Armenian throne as Roman clients Ctesiphon and Seleucia sacked Rome's Minor acquisitions in Mesopotamia
198 AD	Battle of Ctesiphon (198)	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Roman victory	Sack of Ctesiphon
216-217 AD	Parthian war of Caracalla	Roman empire	Parthian empire	Parthian victory	status quo ante bellum Romans pay tribute
232	Sassanid campaign of Severus Alexander	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Roman victory
229-241 AD	Mesopotamian campaigns of Ardashir I	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Inconclusive	Both sides made territorial gains
243 AD	Battle of Resaena	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Roman victory	Roman recovers Nisibis and Singara
244 AD	Battle of Misiche	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Sasanian victory	Philip the Arab paid 500,000 denarii to the Sasanian Empire and cedes Armenia and Mesopotamia to them. Death of Gordian III
252-260 AD	Second campaign of Shapur I against Rome	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Sasanian victory	Sasanian empire capture Nisibis,Antioch,and Edessa
363 AD	Julian's Persian expedition	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Sasanian victory	Sasanian annexation of five regions & fifteen major fortresses from the Roman Empire in addition to the consequent annexation of Armenia.
367-371 AD	Shapur II's 2nd Armenian campaign	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Roman victory	Persians depose Arshak II of Armenia. Then Armenia is under Roman suzerainty through Pap of Armenia entronization.
371	Battle of Bagavan	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Roman victory	Seven Years' Truce
378-386	Shapur III's Armenian Campaign	Roman empire	Sasanian empire	Inconclusive	Peace of Acilisene
421-422	Byzantine-Sasanian war of 421-422	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Byzantine victory	Status quo ante bellum The Sassanids stop persecuting Christians on their territory
440	Byzantine–Sasanian War of 440	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Inconclusive	Status quo ante bellum Both empires agreed to battle northern nomads (Scythians).
502-506	Anastasian War	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Inconclusive	Status quo ante bellum Although Byzantium paid a very small amount of money, the Sassanians were forced to retreat without achieving the goals of the war,the tribute that the Persian king wanted to receive from the Romans was not paid Byzantine empire creates a new line of fortifications contrary to the treaty of 422
526-532	Iberian War	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Inconclusive	Sasanians retained Iberia,Byzantines retained Lazica
541-562	Lazic War	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Sasanian victory	Fifty-Year Peace Treaty
572-591	Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Byzantine victory	Khosrow II is restored to the Sasanian throne,Byzantine empire get most of Persian Armenia and western half of Iberia
602-628	Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628	Byzantine empire	Sasanian empire	Byzantine victory	Status quo ante bellum Political and economic crisis of the Sassanids Beginning of the Arab conquests The Sassanian Empire coughs up all the damage it has done

Reference

Bibliography

• Greatrex, Geoffrey (1991). The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian wars.Part II.363-630AD. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-14687-9.