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List of cities in Ontario

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A city is a subtype of municipalities in the Canadian province of Ontario. A city can have the municipal status of either a single-tier or lower-tier municipality. Prior to 2003, Ontario had minimum population thresholds of 15,000 and 25,000 for city status. Minimum population thresholds are no longer necessary for a municipality to brand itself as a city.

Ontario has 52 cities,[1] which together had in 2016 a cumulative population of 9,900,179 and average population of 190,388.[2] The most and least populous are Toronto and Dryden, with 2,794,356 and 7,749 residents, respectively.[2] Ontario's newest city is Richmond Hill, whose council voted to change from a town to a city on March 26, 2019.[3] Previous to that, Markham changed from a town to a city on July 1, 2012.[4]

History

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Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a city was both an urban and a local municipality.[5] Under that act, the Ontario Municipal Board (OMB) could change the status of a village or town, upon its request, to a city if it had a population of 15,000 or more.[5] The OMB could also incorporate a township as a city under the same conditions with the exception that the population requirements was 25,000 or more.[5] In either event, if located within a county, authorization by the Minister of Municipal Affairs was also required.[5]

In the transition to the Municipal Act, 2001, conventional municipal statuses and their associated population threshold requirements were abandoned. On December 31, 2002, every city that:[6]

  • "existed and formed part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a lower-tier municipality yet retained its name as a city; and
  • "existed and did not form part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a single-tier municipality yet retained its name as a city.

The current legislation also provides lower- and single-tier municipalities with the authority to name themselves as "cities", or other former conventional municipal status types such as "towns", "villages" or "townships", or generically as "municipalities".[7]

List

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Name[1][8] Municipal status[1] Census division[1][9] Population (2021)[10] Population (2016)[10] Change (%)[10] Area (km2)[10] Population density[10]
Barrie[ON 1] Single-tier Simcoe 147,829 141,434 +4.5% 99.01 1,493.1
Belleville Single-tier Hastings 55,071 50,716 +8.6% 247.15 222.8
Brampton Lower-tier Peel 656,480 593,638 +10.6% 265.89 2,469.0
Brant Single-tier Brant 39,474 35,640 +10.8% 817.66 48.3
Brantford[ON 2] Single-tier Brant 104,688 98,563 +6.2% 98.65 1,061.2
Brockville Single-tier Leeds and Grenville 22,116 21,569 +2.5% 20.91 1,057.7
Burlington Lower-tier Halton 186,948 183,314 +2.0% 186.12 1,004.4
Cambridge[ON 3] Lower-tier Waterloo 138,479 129,920 +6.6% 112.99 1,225.6
Clarence-Rockland Lower-tier Prescott and Russell 26,505 24,512 +8.1% 297.47 89.1
Cornwall Single-tier Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry 47,845 46,589 +2.7% 61.50 778.0
Dryden[ON 4] Single-tier Kenora 7,388 7,749 −4.7% 65.58 112.7
Elliot Lake Single-tier Algoma 11,372 10,741 +5.9% 696.06 16.3
Greater Sudbury[ON 5] Single-tier Sudbury 166,004 161,531 +2.8% 3,186.26 52.1
Guelph Single-tier Wellington 143,740 131,794 +9.1% 87.43 1,644.1
Haldimand County Single-tier Haldimand 49,216 45,608 +7.9% 1,250.45 39.4
Hamilton[ON 6] Single-tier Hamilton 569,353 536,917 +6.0% 1,118.31 509.1
Kawartha Lakes Single-tier Kawartha Lakes 79,247 75,423 +5.1% 3,033.66 26.1
Kenora Single-tier Kenora 14,967 15,096 −0.9% 211.65 70.7
Kingston Single-tier Frontenac 132,485 123,798 +7.0% 451.58 293.4
Kitchener[ON 7] Lower-tier Waterloo 256,885 233,222 +10.1% 136.81 1,877.7
London[ON 8] Single-tier Middlesex 422,324 383,822 +10.0% 420.50 1,004.3
Markham Lower-tier York 338,503 328,966 +2.9% 210.93 1,604.8
Mississauga[ON 9] Lower-tier Peel 717,961 721,599 −0.5% 292.74 2,452.6
Niagara Falls[ON 10] Lower-tier Niagara 94,415 88,071 +7.2% 210.25 449.1
Norfolk County Single-tier Norfolk 67,490 64,044 +5.4% 1,597.68 42.2
North Bay Single-tier Nipissing 52,662 51,553 +2.2% 315.53 166.9
Orillia Single-tier Simcoe 33,411 31,166 +7.2% 28.53 1,171.1
Oshawa[ON 11] Lower-tier Durham 175,383 159,458 +10.0% 145.72 1,203.6
Ottawa[ON 12] Single-tier Ottawa 1,017,449 934,243 +8.9% 2,788.20 364.9
Owen Sound Lower-tier Grey 21,612 21,341 +1.3% 24.21 892.7
Pembroke[ON 13] Single-tier Renfrew 14,364 13,882 +3.5% 14.32 1,003.1
Peterborough[ON 14] Single-tier Peterborough 83,651 81,032 +3.2% 64.76 1,291.7
Pickering Lower-tier Durham 99,186 91,771 +8.1% 231.10 429.2
Port Colborne Lower-tier Niagara 20,033 18,306 +9.4% 121.99 164.2
Prince Edward County Single-tier Prince Edward 25,704 24,735 +3.9% 1,052.61 24.4
Quinte West Single-tier Hastings 46,560 43,577 +6.8% 495.45 94.0
Richmond Hill[ON 15] Lower-tier York 202,022 195,022 +3.6% 100.79 2,004.4
Sarnia Lower-tier Lambton 72,047 71,594 +0.6% 163.90 439.6
Sault Ste. Marie Single-tier Algoma 72,051 73,368 −1.8% 221.99 324.6
St. Catharines[ON 16] Lower-tier Niagara 136,803 133,113 +2.8% 96.20 1,422.1
St. Thomas Single-tier Elgin 42,840 38,909 +10.1% 35.61 1,203.0
Stratford Single-tier Perth 33,232 31,470 +5.6% 30.02 1,107.0
Temiskaming Shores Single-tier Timiskaming 9,634 9,920 −2.9% 176.67 54.5
Thorold Lower-tier Niagara 23,816 18,801 +26.7% 83.29 285.9
Thunder Bay[ON 17] Single-tier Thunder Bay 108,843 107,909 +0.9% 327.77 332.1
Timmins Single-tier Cochrane 41,145 41,788 −1.5% 2,955.33 13.9
Toronto[ON 18] Single-tier Toronto 2,794,356 2,731,571 +2.3% 631.10 4,427.8
Vaughan Lower-tier York 323,103 306,233 +5.5% 272.44 1,186.0
Waterloo[ON 19] Lower-tier Waterloo 121,436 104,986 +15.7% 64.06 1,895.7
Welland Lower-tier Niagara 55,750 52,293 +6.6% 81.16 686.9
Windsor[ON 20] Single-tier Essex 229,660 217,188 +5.7% 146.02 1,572.8
Woodstock Lower-tier Oxford 46,705 41,098 +13.6% 56.46 827.2
Total cities — — 10,400,243 9,900,603 +5.0% 25,902.47 401.5
Total lower-tier cities — — 3,714,072 3,517,258 +5.6% 3,154.52 1,177.4
Total single-tier cities — — 6,686,171 6,383,345 +4.7% 22,747.95 293.9

See also

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Notes and references

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Notes

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  1. ^ The Barrie census metropolitan area (CMA) is formed around the City of Barrie.
  2. ^ The Brantford CMA includes the City of Brantford as well as the County of Brant, which is a single-tier city.
  3. ^ The City of Cambridge, as well as the cities of Kitchener and Waterloo, form parts of the Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo CMA.
  4. ^ Dryden is Ontario's smallest city by population.
  5. ^ Greater Sudbury is Ontario's largest city by area. The Greater Sudbury CMA is formed around the City of Greater Sudbury.
  6. ^ Hamilton is Canada's tenth-largest city. The Hamilton CMA includes the cities of Burlington and Hamilton.
  7. ^ The City of Kitchener, as well as the cities of Cambridge and Waterloo, form parts of the Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo CMA.
  8. ^ The London CMA includes the cities of London and St. Thomas.
  9. ^ Mississauga is Ontario's largest lower-tier city.
  10. ^ The City of Niagara Falls, as well as the cities of Port Colborne, St. Catharines, Thorold and Welland, form parts of the St. Catharines–Niagara CMA.
  11. ^ The Oshawa CMA is formed around the City of Oshawa.
  12. ^ Ottawa is Canada's capital and fourth-largest city. The Ontario portion of the Ottawa–Gatineau CMA includes the cities of Clarence-Rockland and Ottawa.
  13. ^ Pembroke is Ontario's smallest city by area.
  14. ^ The Peterborough CMA is formed around the City of Peterborough.
  15. ^ Richmond Hill is Ontario's newest city, adopting the name on March 26, 2019.
  16. ^ The City of St. Catharines, as well as the cities of Niagara Falls, Port Colborne, Thorold and Welland, form parts of the St. Catharines–Niagara CMA.
  17. ^ The Thunder Bay CMA is formed around the City of Thunder Bay.
  18. ^ Toronto is Ontario's capital and Canada's and Ontario's largest city by population. The Toronto CMA includes the cities of Brampton, Markham, Mississauga, Pickering, Richmond Hill, Toronto and Vaughan.
  19. ^ The City of Waterloo, as well as the cities of Cambridge and Kitchener, form parts of the Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo CMA.
  20. ^ The Windsor CMA is formed around the City of Windsor.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "List of Ontario Municipalities". Ontario Municipal Affairs and Housing. September 21, 2012. Archived from the original on February 28, 2013. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "subdivisions (municipalities) and designated places, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017.
  3. ^ "Richmond Hill Becomes a City". RichmondHill.ca. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  4. ^ "Markham to change from town to city". CBC News. May 30, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d "Municipal Act, R.S.O. 1990, Chapter M.45". Service Ontario. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  6. ^ "Municipal Act, S.O. 2001, Chapter 25". Service Ontario. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  7. ^ "The Municipal Councillor's Guide". Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  8. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Ontario)". Statistics Canada. May 28, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  9. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census divisions, 2011 and 2006 censuses (Ontario)". Statistics Canada. January 30, 2013. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
  10. ^ a b c d e "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Ontario". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2024.
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