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List of Major League Baseball single-inning strikeout leaders

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A. J. Burnett (left) is one of five pitchers to strike out four batters in one inning on multiple occasions, while Orval Overall (right) is the only pitcher to do so in the World Series.

In baseball, a strikeout occurs when a pitcher throws three strikes to a batter during his time at bat.[1] Under Rules 6.05 and 6.09 of the Official Rules of Major League Baseball, a batter becomes a runner when a third strike is not caught by the catcher with no runner on first base or when there are two outs.[2] The strikeout is recorded, but the batter-runner must be tagged or forced out in order for the defensive team to register the out. Thus, it is possible for a pitcher to record more than three strikeouts in an inning.[3]

As a result of this rule, 93 different pitchers have struck out four batters in a half-inning of a Major League Baseball (MLB) game, the most recent being Tyler Glasnow of the Tampa Bay Rays on July 7, 2023. Five players – Chuck Finley, A. J. Burnett, Zack Greinke, Craig Kimbrel, and Tyler Glasnow – have accomplished the feat more than once in their career (Finley is the only one to do it three times, and all three times were within a one-year span);[4] no player has ever struck out more than four batters in an inning. Ed Crane was the first player to strike out four batters in one inning, doing so in the fifth inning for the New York Giants against the Chicago White Stockings on October 4, 1888.[5]

Out of the 93 pitchers who have accomplished the feat, 71 were right-handed and 22 were left-handed. Finley is the only pitcher to achieve the feat on three separate occasions, as well as twice in a single season.[6] Pete Richert struck out four batters in the third inning of his first major league game, becoming the only player to attain the milestone in his debut.[7] Orval Overall is the sole player to strike out four batters in one inning in the World Series.[8]

Of the players eligible for the Baseball Hall of Fame who have struck out four batters in an inning, four have been elected: Don Drysdale, Bob Gibson, Walter Johnson, and Phil Niekro.[9] Players are eligible for the Hall of Fame if they have played in at least 10 major league seasons, and have either been retired for five seasons or dead for at least six months.[10]

Players

[edit]
Key
Pitcher (X) Name of the pitcher and number of four strikeout innings they had pitched at that point
Date Date of the game
Team The player's team at the time of the game
Opposing team The team against whom the pitcher struck out four batters in one inning
Inning The inning in which the pitcher struck out four batters
Batters faced (X) The four batters who were struck out and number of four strikeout innings they had batted in at that point
Box Box score with play by play (if available)
º Indicates that the pitcher struck out all four batters consecutively
§ Denotes the batter who reached base
Elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame
Player is active[A][B]
MLB pitchers who have struck out four batters in one inning
Pitcher Date Team Opposing team Inning Batters faced Box
Ed Craneº October 4, 1888 New York Giants Chicago White Stockings[11] 5th Fred Pfeffer, Ned Williamson, Tom Burns§, John Tener[12] n/a
Doc White July 21, 1902 Philadelphia Phillies Brooklyn Superbas 5th Jimmy Sheckard, Bill Dahlen, Charlie Irwin, Ed Wheeler[C] [13]
Hooks Wiltseº May 15, 1906 New York Giants Cincinnati Reds[14] 5th Jim Delahanty§, Tommy Corcoran, Admiral Schlei, Chick Fraser[12] n/a
Orval Overall October 14, 1908 Chicago Cubs Detroit Tigers 1st Charley O'Leary, Ty Cobb, Claude Rossman§, Germany Schaefer [15]
Walter Johnson April 15, 1911 Washington Senators Boston Red Sox[16] 5th Ray Collins, Larry Gardner§, Harry Hooper, Duffy Lewis[12][17] n/a
Guy Morton June 11, 1916 Cleveland Indians Philadelphia Athletics 6th Whitey Witt§, Charlie Pick, Nap Lajoie, Stuffy McInnis[18] [19]
Jim Davisº May 27, 1956 Chicago Cubs St. Louis Cardinals 6th Hal Smith, Jackie Brandt, Lindy McDaniel§, Don Blasingame [20]
Joe Nuxhall August 11, 1959 Cincinnati Redlegs Milwaukee Braves 6th Eddie Mathews, Joe Adcock, Del Crandall§, Johnny Logan [21]
Ryne Duren May 18, 1961 Los Angeles Angels Chicago White Sox 7th Minnie Miñoso, Roy Sievers§, J. C. Martin, Sammy Esposito [22]
Pete Richertº April 12, 1962 Los Angeles Dodgers Cincinnati Reds 3rd Frank Robinson, Gordy Coleman§, Wally Post, Johnny Edwards [23]
Lee Stange September 2, 1964 Cleveland Indians Washington Senators 7th Don Lock§, Willie Kirkland, Don Zimmer, John Kennedy [24]
Don Drysdaleº April 17, 1965 Los Angeles Dodgers Philadelphia Phillies 2nd Wes Covington§, Tony González, Dick Stuart, Clay Dalrymple [25]
Bob Gibson June 7, 1966 St. Louis Cardinals Pittsburgh Pirates 4th Jerry Lynch, Jim Pagliaroni, Bill Mazeroski§, Don Cardwell [26]
Mike Cuellarº May 29, 1970 Baltimore Orioles California Angels 4th Alex Johnson§, Ken McMullen, Tommie Reynolds, Jim Spencer [27]
Bill Bonhamº July 31, 1974 Chicago Cubs Montreal Expos 2nd Mike Torrez§, Ron Hunt, Tim Foli, Willie Davis [28]
Phil Niekro July 29, 1977 Atlanta Braves Pittsburgh Pirates 6th Dave Parker, Bill Robinson, Rennie Stennett§, Omar Moreno [29]
Mike Paxtonº July 21, 1978 Cleveland Indians Seattle Mariners 5th Dan Meyer§, Bruce Bochte, Tom Paciorek, Bill Stein [30]
Mario Sotoº May 17, 1984 Cincinnati Reds Chicago Cubs 3rd Tom Veryzer, Dick Ruthven, Bob Dernier§, Ryne Sandberg [31]
Mike Scott September 3, 1986 Houston Astros Chicago Cubs 5th Chris Speier§, Chico Walker, Dave Martinez, Ryne Sandberg (2) [32]
Bobby Wittº August 2, 1987 Texas Rangers Baltimore Orioles 2nd Ray Knight, Terry Kennedy§, Mike Young, Ken Gerhart [33]
Charlie Hough July 4, 1988 Texas Rangers New York Yankees 1st Claudell Washington§, Jack Clark, Dave Winfield, Mike Pagliarulo [34]
Paul Assenmacher August 22, 1989 Atlanta Braves St. Louis Cardinals 5th Terry Pendleton, Milt Thompson, Tony Peña§, Ted Power [35]
Tim Birtsas June 4, 1990 Cincinnati Reds San Francisco Giants 7th Greg Litton, Will Clark, Matt Williams§, Gary Carter [36]
Matt Young September 9, 1990 Seattle Mariners Boston Red Sox 1st Jody Reed, Carlos Quintana, Wade Boggs§, Mike Greenwell [37]
Paul Shuey May 14, 1994 Cleveland Indians Detroit Tigers 9th Chad Kreuter, Chris Gomez, Travis Fryman§, Cecil Fielder [38]
Mark Wohlersº June 7, 1995 Atlanta Braves Chicago Cubs 9th Kevin Roberson, Rick Wilkins, Shawon Dunston§, Sammy Sosa [39]
Bruce Ruffin July 25, 1996 Colorado Rockies Chicago Cubs 9th Sammy Sosa (2), Scott Servais§, Leo Gómez, Brian McRae [40]
Kevin Appierº September 3, 1996 Kansas City Royals Toronto Blue Jays 4th Ed Sprague Jr., Carlos Delgado§, Charlie O'Brien, Alex Gonzalez [41]
Derek Wallace September 13, 1996 New York Mets Atlanta Braves 9th Terry Pendleton§ (2), Chipper Jones, Ryan Klesko, Mike Mordecai [42]
Wilson Álvarezº July 21, 1997 Chicago White Sox Detroit Tigers 7th Tony Clark, Phil Nevin§, Melvin Nieves, Orlando Miller [43]
Blake Stein July 27, 1998 Oakland Athletics Tampa Bay Devil Rays 4th Bubba Trammell, Rich Butler, Mike DiFelice§, Kevin Stocker [44]
Kirt Ojalaº September 16, 1998 Florida Marlins Montreal Expos 4th Fernando Seguignol, Vladimir Guerrero§, Shane Andrews, Brad Fullmer [45]
Archie Corbin April 28, 1999 Florida Marlins Chicago Cubs 7th Benito Santiago, Tyler Houston§, Steve Trachsel, Mickey Morandini [46]
Chuck Finley May 12, 1999 Anaheim Angels New York Yankees 3rd Scott Brosius, Chuck Knoblauch, Derek Jeter§, Paul O'Neill [47]
Jerry Spradlin July 22, 1999 San Francisco Giants San Diego Padres 7th George Arias, Damian Jackson, Carlos Baerga§, Quilvio Veras [48]
Tim Wakefield August 10, 1999 Boston Red Sox Kansas City Royals 9th Chad Kreuter, Scott Pose, Johnny Damon§, Carlos Beltrán [49]
Chuck Finleyº (2) August 15, 1999 Anaheim Angels Detroit Tigers 1st Deivi Cruz, Juan Encarnación, Dean Palmer§, Tony Clark [50]
Steve Klineº August 17, 1999 Montreal Expos San Francisco Giants 7th Brent Mayne, Shawn Estes§, Marvin Benard, Ramón Martínez [51]
Chuck Finley (3) April 16, 2000 Cleveland Indians Texas Rangers 3rd Tom Evans, Royce Clayton, Chad Curtis§, Rafael Palmeiro [52]
Erik Hiljus June 30, 2001 Oakland Athletics Texas Rangers 7th Bo Porter, Michael Young§, Bill Haselman, Scott Sheldon [53]
Frank Rodriguez July 22, 2001 Cincinnati Reds Florida Marlins 7th Charles Johnson, Dave Berg, Ryan Thompson§, Mike Lowell [54]
A. J. Burnett July 5, 2002 Florida Marlins New York Mets 1st Mike Piazza, Mo Vaughn, Timo Pérez§, Roger Cedeño [55]
Kerry Woodº September 2, 2002 Chicago Cubs Milwaukee Brewers 4th Bill Hall§, Ryan Thompson (2), Paul Bako§, Andrew Lorraine [56]
Kazuhiro Sasakiº April 4, 2003 Seattle Mariners Texas Rangers 9th Todd Greene, Carl Everett§, Michael Young (2), Mike Lamb [57]
Darren Dreifort May 22, 2003 Los Angeles Dodgers Colorado Rockies 2nd Bobby Estalella, Brent Butler, Aaron Cook§, Greg Norton [58]
Octavio Dotelº June 11, 2003 Houston Astros New York Yankees 8th Juan Rivera, Alfonso Soriano§, Derek Jeter (2), Jason Giambi [59]
Brad Lidge June 13, 2004 Houston Astros Milwaukee Brewers 7th Geoff Jenkins§, Keith Ginter, Ben Grieve, Chad Moeller [60]
Mike Stanton August 3, 2004 New York Mets Milwaukee Brewers 8th Gary Bennett, Scott Podsednik§, Trent Durrington, Wes Helms [61]
Jon Rauch April 26, 2006 Washington Nationals Cincinnati Reds 8th David Ross, Bronson Arroyo, Felipe López§, Adam Dunn [62]
Brad Penny September 23, 2006 Los Angeles Dodgers Arizona Diamondbacks 2nd Chad Tracy§, Stephen Drew, Miguel Batista, Eric Byrnes [63]
Scott Bakerº June 15, 2008 Minnesota Twins Milwaukee Brewers 3rd Ryan Braun, Prince Fielder§, Russell Branyan, Mike Cameron [64]
Scot Shields June 21, 2008 Los Angeles Angels Philadelphia Phillies 8th Greg Dobbs, Jimmy Rollins, Shane Victorino§, Ryan Howard [65]
Ryan Dempster October 4, 2009 Chicago Cubs Arizona Diamondbacks 5th Stephen Drew (2), Gerardo Parra§, Justin Upton, Mark Reynolds [66]
Luke Gregerson October 4, 2009 San Diego Padres San Francisco Giants 7th Randy Winn, Eugenio Vélez§, Andrés Torres, Juan Uribe [67]
Félix Hernándezº June 3, 2010 Seattle Mariners Minnesota Twins 8th Denard Span, Matt Tolbert, Joe Mauer§, Justin Morneau [68]
Manny Parra June 6, 2010 Milwaukee Brewers St. Louis Cardinals 4th Albert Pujols, Ryan Ludwick, Yadier Molina§, Colby Rasmus [69]
A. J. Burnettº (2) June 24, 2011 New York Yankees Colorado Rockies 6th Chris Iannetta, Carlos González, Chris Nelson§, Todd Helton [70]
Justin Mastersonº August 4, 2011 Cleveland Indians Boston Red Sox 2nd Josh Reddick§, Jason Varitek, Marco Scutaro, Jacoby Ellsbury [71]
Jeremy Hellicksonº August 25, 2011 Tampa Bay Rays Detroit Tigers 3rd Austin Jackson§, Ramón Santiago, Delmon Young, Víctor Martínez [72]
Yovani Gallardoº September 17, 2011 Milwaukee Brewers Cincinnati Reds 5th Devin Mesoraco, Edinson Vólquez, Brandon Phillips§, Édgar Rentería [73]
Bud Norris April 24, 2012 Houston Astros Milwaukee Brewers 3rd Travis Ishikawa§, Randy Wolf, Rickie Weeks, Ryan Braun (2) [74]
Ryan Cookº April 27, 2012 Oakland Athletics Baltimore Orioles 8th J. J. Hardy, Nick Markakis, Adam Jones§, Matt Wieters [75]
Francisco Lirianoº June 5, 2012 Minnesota Twins Kansas City Royals 4th Mike Moustakas, Jeff Francoeur§, Eric Hosmer, Brayan Peña [76]
Steve Delabarº August 13, 2012 Toronto Blue Jays Chicago White Sox 10th Dayán Viciedo, Tyler Flowers§, Gordon Beckham, Alejandro De Aza [77]
Jason Berkenº September 20, 2012 Chicago Cubs Cincinnati Reds 2nd Denis Phipps, Ryan Hanigan§, Didi Gregorius, Johnny Cueto [78]
Phil Hughesº September 20, 2012 New York Yankees Toronto Blue Jays 4th J. P. Arencibia, Adeiny Hechavarria§, Anthony Gose, Brett Lawrie [79]
Zack Greinke September 25, 2012 Los Angeles Angels Seattle Mariners 4th John Jaso, Eric Thames, Trayvon Robinson§, Brendan Ryan [80]
Craig Kimbrelº September 26, 2012 Atlanta Braves Miami Marlins 9th Greg Dobbs (2), Donovan Solano§, John Buck, Gil Velazquez [81]
Tony Cingrani April 28, 2013 Cincinnati Reds Washington Nationals 4th Denard Span§ (2), Bryce Harper, Ian Desmond, Adam LaRoche [82]
Alex Cobbº May 10, 2013 Tampa Bay Rays San Diego Padres 3rd Will Venable§, Chase Headley, Carlos Quentin, Yonder Alonso [83]
Aníbal Sánchez October 12, 2013 Detroit Tigers Boston Red Sox 1st Jacoby Ellsbury (2), Shane Victorino§ (2), David Ortiz, Mike Napoli [84]
Zack Greinkeº (2) July 25, 2014 Los Angeles Dodgers San Francisco Giants 3rd Héctor Sánchez, Tim Lincecum, Hunter Pence§, Gregor Blanco [85]
Justin Grimm August 29, 2014 Chicago Cubs St. Louis Cardinals 9th Oscar Taveras, Daniel Descalso§, Matt Carpenter, Kolten Wong [86]
Óliver Pérezº September 20, 2014 Arizona Diamondbacks Colorado Rockies 7th Justin Morneau§, Corey Dickerson, Michael McKenry, Matt McBride [87]
Kenley Jansenº May 15, 2015 Los Angeles Dodgers Colorado Rockies 8th Carlos González§ (2), Nick Hundley, Drew Stubbs, DJ LeMahieu [88]
Sergio Santos May 16, 2015 Los Angeles Dodgers Colorado Rockies 8th DJ LeMahieu§ (2), Drew Stubbs (2), Wilin Rosario, Michael McKenry (2) [89]
Will Smithº October 4, 2015 Milwaukee Brewers Chicago Cubs 9th Miguel Montero, Addison Russell§, Javier Báez, Austin Jackson (2) [90]
Tyler Duffey May 8, 2016 Minnesota Twins Chicago White Sox 7th Brett Lawrie (2), Avisaíl García, Dioner Navarro§, Austin Jackson (3) [91]
Julio Teherán May 24, 2016 Atlanta Braves Milwaukee Brewers 2nd Jonathan Lucroy, Chris Carter, Kirk Nieuwenhuis§, Ramón Flores [92]
Ken Giles August 7, 2016 Houston Astros Texas Rangers 9th Nomar Mazara§, Shin-Soo Choo, Ian Desmond (2), Jurickson Profar [93]
Jake Thompson August 12, 2016 Philadelphia Phillies Colorado Rockies 2nd David Dahl§, Ben Paulsen, Daniel Descalso (2), Jon Gray [94]
James Paxton September 6, 2016 Seattle Mariners Texas Rangers 1st Delino DeShields Jr., Ian Desmond§ (3), Jonathan Lucroy (2), Elvis Andrus [95]
Jon Grayº September 17, 2016 Colorado Rockies San Diego Padres 2nd Ryan Schimpf, Jon Jay§, Oswaldo Arcia, Derek Norris [96]
Nate Karns May 3, 2017 Kansas City Royals Chicago White Sox 6th Matt Davidson, Tim Anderson, Yolmer Sánchez§, Jose Abreu [97]
Craig Kimbrel (2) May 25, 2017 Boston Red Sox Texas Rangers 9th Nomar Mazara§ (2), Jonathan Lucroy (3), Rougned Odor, Mike Napoli (2) [98]
Mike Bolsingerº July 18, 2017 Toronto Blue Jays Boston Red Sox 13th Mitch Moreland, Jackie Bradley Jr.§, Christian Vázquez, Deven Marrero [99]
Zack Godley August 13, 2017 Arizona Diamondbacks Chicago Cubs 1st Jon Jay (2), Tommy La Stella, Victor Caratini§, Kyle Schwarber [100]
Zach Duke March 29, 2018 Minnesota Twins Baltimore Orioles 7th Trey Mancini§, Tim Beckham, Craig Gentry, Chris Davis [101]
Ryan Dull April 17, 2018 Oakland Athletics Chicago White Sox 8th Omar Narvaez§, Avisail Garcia (2), Jose Abreu (2), Matt Davidson (2) [102]
Miguel Díaz July 8, 2018 San Diego Padres Arizona Diamondbacks 11th Ketel Marte, Jake Lamb, Chris Owings§, Jon Jay (3) [103]
German Marquez October 1, 2018 Colorado Rockies Los Angeles Dodgers 4th Max Muncy§, Manny Machado, Yasmani Grandal, Walker Buehler [104]
Luke Bard April 22, 2019 Los Angeles Angels New York Yankees 14th Gleyber Torres§, Clint Frazier, Mike Tauchman, Kyle Higashioka [105]
Tyler Glasnow April 23, 2021 Tampa Bay Rays Toronto Blue Jays 1st Cavan Biggio, Bo Bichette, Lourdes Gurriel Jr.§, Danny Jansen [106]
Lance McCullers Jr. May 22, 2021 Houston Astros Texas Rangers 1st Nate Lowe, Adolis Garcia, Joey Gallo§, Khris Davis [107]
Clayton Kershawº June 11, 2021 Los Angeles Dodgers Texas Rangers 4th Eli White, Adolis Garcia§ (2), Joey Gallo (2), Nick Solak [108]
Jonathan Loáisigaº June 25, 2021 New York Yankees Boston Red Sox 7th Michael Chavis§, Alex Verdugo, J.D. Martinez, Xander Bogaerts [109]
Domingo Germánº July 25, 2021 New York Yankees Boston Red Sox 7th Jarren Duran, Xander Bogaerts§ (2), Rafael Devers, J.D. Martinez (2) [110]
Craig Stammen September 24, 2021 San Diego Padres Atlanta Braves 6th Ozzie Albies§, Austin Riley, Eddie Rosario, Dansby Swanson [111]
Michael Rucker April 30, 2022 Chicago Cubs Milwaukee Brewers 5th Keston Hiura, Lorenzo Cain, Alex Jackson§, Andrew McCutchen [112]
Chris Martinº August 15, 2022 Los Angeles Dodgers Milwaukee Brewers 6th Andrew McCutchen§ (2), Kolten Wong (2), Hunter Renfroe, Rowdy Tellez [113]
Tyler Glasnow (2) July 7, 2023 Tampa Bay Rays Atlanta Braves 2nd Matt Olson, Sean Murphy, Marcell Ozuna§, Eddie Rosario (2) [114]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ A player is considered inactive if he has announced his retirement or not played for a full season.
  2. ^ The Baseball Almanac general reference below links to the profiles of each player, where their active status can be verified.
  3. ^ Order unknown

References

[edit]

General

  • "Four Strikeouts in One Inning". Baseball-Almanac.com. Baseball Almanac. Archived from the original on November 22, 2001. Retrieved May 22, 2013.
  • "Four K's in one inning – Rare Feats". MLB.com. Major League Baseball. Archived from the original on May 22, 2013. Retrieved May 22, 2013.
  • "Baseball Hall of Fame Inductees". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved May 3, 2013.

Specific

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  5. ^ McKenna, Brian. "Ed Crane". The Baseball Biography Project. Society for American Baseball Research. Archived from the original on February 14, 2013. Retrieved June 20, 2013.
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