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List of Important Cultural Properties of Japan (Heian period: structures)

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This list is of Japanese structures dating from the Heian period (794–1185) that have been designated Important Cultural Properties (including *National Treasures).[1][2]

Structures

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Early Heian period

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Seven surviving sites with the same number of component structures have been designated, including four National Treasures. Despite the transfer of the capital to Heian-kyō, due to losses in fires and wars, all are in Nara Prefecture, other than for a stone in Gunma Prefecture. Those at Tōdai-ji form part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara;[3] that at Hōryū-ji is part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area.[4]

Structure Date Municipality Prefecture Comments Image Coordinates Ref.
Tōba
塔婆
tōba
801 Kiryū Gunma 36°25′44″N 139°13′14″E / 36.42900353°N 139.22055117°E / 36.42900353; 139.22055117 (Tōba) [1]
*Murō-ji Kondō
室生寺金堂
Murōji kondō
794-929 Uda Nara 34°32′15″N 136°02′28″E / 34.53756966°N 136.04113555°E / 34.53756966; 136.04113555 (Murōji Kondō) [2]
*Murō-ji Five-Storey Pagoda
室生寺五重塔
Murōji gojūnotō
710-1184 Uda Nara 34°32′18″N 136°02′25″E / 34.53828171°N 136.0403497°E / 34.53828171; 136.0403497 (Murōji Five-Storey Pagoda) [3]
Tōdai-ji Kanjinsho Repository
東大寺勧進所経庫
Tōdaiji kanjinsho kyōko
794-929 Nara Nara 34°41′19″N 135°50′14″E / 34.6887352°N 135.83712764°E / 34.6887352; 135.83712764 (Tōdaiji Kanjinsho Repository) [4]
Tōdai-ji Hokkedō Repository
東大寺法華堂経庫
Tōdaiji Hokkedō kyōko
794-929 Nara Nara 34°41′17″N 135°50′39″E / 34.68813202°N 135.84407051°E / 34.68813202; 135.84407051 (Tōdaiji Hokkedō Repository) [5]
*Hōryū-ji Kōfūzō
法隆寺綱封蔵
Hōryūji kōfūzō
794-929 Ikaruga Nara 34°36′52″N 135°44′08″E / 34.61437166°N 135.735428°E / 34.61437166; 135.735428 (Hōryūji Kōfūzō) [6]
*Taima-dera West Pagoda
當麻寺西塔
Taimadera saitō
794-929 Katsuragi Nara 34°30′56″N 135°41′40″E / 34.5154578°N 135.69448418°E / 34.5154578; 135.69448418 (Taimadera West Pagoda) [7]

Middle Heian period

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Five surviving sites with eight component structures have been designated, all but one of them National Treasures. The Phoenix Hall at Byōdō-in is designated as a single site with four component structures. The five-storey pagoda at Daigo-ji is the earliest structure within the current borders of the city of Kyoto. Both form part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities).[5]

Structure Date Municipality Prefecture Comments Image Coordinates Ref.
*Daigo-ji Five-Storey Pagoda
醍醐寺五重塔
Daigōji gojūnotō
952 Kyoto Kyoto 34°57′02″N 135°49′20″E / 34.95058043°N 135.8221424°E / 34.95058043; 135.8221424 (Daigoji Five-Storey Pagoda) [8]
*Byōdō-in Phoenix Hall (central hall)
平等院鳳凰堂 (中堂)
Byōdōin hōōdō (chūdō)
1053 Uji Kyoto 34°53′21″N 135°48′28″E / 34.88929886°N 135.80767417°E / 34.88929886; 135.80767417 (Byōdōin Phoenix Hall) [9]
*Byōdō-in Phoenix Hall (south wing corridor)
平等院鳳凰堂 (両翼廊 (南))
Byōdōin hōōdō (ryōyokurō (minami))
1053 Uji Kyoto 34°53′22″N 135°48′28″E / 34.889473°N 135.807661°E / 34.889473; 135.807661 (Byōdōin Phoenix Hall) [10]
*Byōdō-in Phoenix Hall (north wing corridor)
平等院鳳凰堂 (両翼廊 (北))
Byōdōin hōōdō (ryōyokurō (kita))
1053 Uji Kyoto 34°53′21″N 135°48′28″E / 34.889119°N 135.807704°E / 34.889119; 135.807704 (Byōdōin Phoenix Hall) [11]
*Byōdō-in Phoenix Hall (tail corridor)
平等院鳳凰堂 (尾廊)
Byōdōin hōōdō (birō)
1053 Uji Kyoto 34°53′21″N 135°48′27″E / 34.889266°N 135.807484°E / 34.889266; 135.807484 (Byōdōin Phoenix Hall) [12]
*Hōryū-ji Belfry
法隆寺鐘楼
Hōryūji shōrō
1005-1020 Ikaruga Nara 34°36′53″N 135°44′04″E / 34.614648°N 135.73457055°E / 34.614648; 135.73457055 (Hōryūji Belfry) [13]
*Hōryū-ji Large Lecture Hall
法隆寺大講堂
Hōryūji daikōdō
990 Ikaruga Nara 34°36′53″N 135°44′03″E / 34.61474263°N 135.73416595°E / 34.61474263; 135.73416595 (Hōryūji Large Lecture Hall) [14]
Thousand Buddha Treasure Tower
多宝千仏石幢
tahō senbutsu sekitō
1084 Dazaifu Fukuoka at the Kyushu National Museum 33°31′06″N 130°32′19″E / 33.51828649°N 130.53848106°E / 33.51828649; 130.53848106 (Thousand Buddha Treasure Tower) [15]

Late Heian period

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Thirty-five surviving sites with thirty-six component structures have been designated, including fourteen National Treasures. The earliest structures, other than four stone , outside Nara and Kyoto Prefectures date from the second half of the eleventh century or early twelfth century. Those at Chūson-ji form part of the World Heritage Site Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land.[6] Buraku-ji in Kōchi Prefecture, Shikoku, and Fuki-ji in Ōita Prefecture, Kyushu, contain the earliest wooden structures outside Honshu. The honden of Ujigami Jinja is the earliest wooden Shinto shrine building, while two stone examples from the city of Yamagata are the earliest torii.

Structure Date Municipality Prefecture Comments Image Coordinates Ref.
Ganjōju-in Hōtō
願成就院宝塔
Ganjōjuin hōtō
1086-1184 Hiraizumi Iwate 39°00′06″N 141°06′07″E / 39.00154897°N 141.10188384°E / 39.00154897; 141.10188384 (Ganjōjuin Hōtō) [16]
Shaku-in Gorintō
釈尊院五輪塔
Shakuin gorintō
1169 Hiraizumi Iwate 39°00′03″N 141°05′55″E / 39.00094326°N 141.09857079°E / 39.00094326; 141.09857079 (Shakuin Gorintō) [17]
*Chūson-ji Konjikidō
中尊寺金色堂
Chūsonji Konjikidō
1124 Hiraizumi Iwate 39°00′05″N 141°05′59″E / 39.00127743°N 141.099853°E / 39.00127743; 141.099853 (Chūsonji Konjikidō) [18]
Chūson-ji Sutra Repository
中尊寺経蔵
Chūsonji kyōzō
1064-1184 Hiraizumi Iwate 39°00′06″N 141°05′58″E / 39.00154414°N 141.09951737°E / 39.00154414; 141.09951737 (Chūsonji Sutra Repository) [19]
Kōzō-ji Amidadō
高蔵寺阿弥陀堂
Kōzōji Amidadō
1177 Kakuda Miyagi 38°00′00″N 140°43′06″E / 37.99992303°N 140.71827563°E / 37.99992303; 140.71827563 (Kōzōji Amidadō) [20]
Torii
鳥居
torii
1086-1184 Yamagata Yamagata 38°13′43″N 140°19′44″E / 38.22871285°N 140.32898026°E / 38.22871285; 140.32898026 (Torii) [21]
Hachiman Jinja Torii
八幡神社鳥居
Hachiman Jinja torii
1086-1184 Yamagata Yamagata 38°12′09″N 140°19′14″E / 38.2023918°N 140.32051439°E / 38.2023918; 140.32051439 (Hachiman Jinja Torii) [22]
*Shiramizu Amidadō
八幡神社鳥居
Shiramizu Amidadō
1160 Iwaki Fukushima 37°02′11″N 140°50′14″E / 37.03651945°N 140.83728372°E / 37.03651945; 140.83728372 (Shiramizu Amidadō) [23]
Gorintō
五輪塔
gorintō
1181 Tamakawa Fukushima 37°13′45″N 140°24′42″E / 37.22923498°N 140.4115574°E / 37.22923498; 140.4115574 (Gorintō) [24]
*Ishiyama-dera Hondō
石山寺本堂
Ishiyamadera hondō
1096 Ōtsu Shiga 34°57′38″N 135°54′20″E / 34.96045193°N 135.90561512°E / 34.96045193; 135.90561512 (Ishiyamadera Hondō) [25]
*Ujigami Jinja Honden
宇治上神社本殿
Ujigami Jinja honden
1086-1184 Uji Kyoto 34°53′31″N 135°48′41″E / 34.89207517°N 135.81142019°E / 34.89207517; 135.81142019 (Ujigami Jinja Honden) [26]
Ōjõ Gokurakuin Amidadõ
往生極楽院阿弥陀堂
Ōjō Gokurakuin Amidadõ
1148 Kyoto Kyoto 35°07′10″N 135°50′05″E / 35.11938684°N 135.83473245°E / 35.11938684; 135.83473245 (Ōjõ Gokurakuin Amidadõ) [27]
Tō-ji Treasure House
教王護国寺宝蔵
Kyōōgokokuji hōzō
1086-1184 Kyoto Kyoto 34°58′53″N 135°44′56″E / 34.98149261°N 135.74881508°E / 34.98149261; 135.74881508 (Tōji Treasure House) [28]
Kōryū-ji Lecture Hall
広隆寺講堂
Kõryūji kõdõ
1165 Kyoto Kyoto 35°00′54″N 135°42′23″E / 35.01509228°N 135.70639988°E / 35.01509228; 135.70639988 (Kōryūji Lecture Hall) [29]
*Jōruri-ji Three-Storey Pagoda
浄瑠璃寺三重塔
Jōruriji sanjūnotõ
before 1178 Kyoto Kyoto 34°42′56″N 135°52′25″E / 34.71562036°N 135.87359164°E / 34.71562036; 135.87359164 (Jōruriji Three-Storey Pagoda) [30]
*Jōruri-ji Hondō
浄瑠璃寺本堂
Jōruriji hondō
1157 Kizugawa Kyoto 34°42′56″N 135°52′22″E / 34.7156352°N 135.87271211°E / 34.7156352; 135.87271211 (Jōruriji Hondō) [31]
*Daigo-ji Kondō
醍醐寺金堂
Daigoji kondō
1086-1184 Kyoto Kyoto 34°57′05″N 135°49′18″E / 34.95147056°N 135.82179188°E / 34.95147056; 135.82179188 (Daigoji Kondō) [32]
*Daigo-ji Yakushidō
醍醐寺薬師堂
Daigoji Yakushidō
1121 Kyoto Kyoto 34°56′44″N 135°50′19″E / 34.94557388°N 135.8387496°E / 34.94557388; 135.8387496 (Daigoji Yakushidō) [33]
Kongō-ji Tahōtō
金剛寺多宝塔
Kongōji tahōtō
1086-1184 Kawachinagano Osaka 34°25′42″N 135°31′46″E / 34.42828547°N 135.52938988°E / 34.42828547; 135.52938988 (Kongōji Tahōtō) [34]
*Ichijō-ji Three-Storey Pagoda
一乗寺三重塔
Kongōji tahōtō
1171 Kasai Hyōgo 34°51′32″N 134°49′08″E / 34.85897936°N 134.81902589°E / 34.85897936; 134.81902589 (Ichijōji Three-Storey Pagoda) [35]
Kakurin-ji Jōgyōdō
鶴林寺常行堂
Kakurinji jōgyōdō
1086-1184 Kakogawa Hyōgo 34°45′08″N 134°49′56″E / 34.7521625°N 134.83231977°E / 34.7521625; 134.83231977 (Kakurinji Jōgyōdō) [36]
*Kakurin-ji Taishidō
鶴林寺太子堂
Kakurinji Taishidō
1112 Kakogawa Hyōgo 34°45′08″N 134°49′58″E / 34.75212134°N 134.83282747°E / 34.75212134; 134.83282747 (Kakurinji Taishidō) [37]
Omiashi Jinja Stone Tōba
於美阿志神社石塔婆
Omiashi Jinja ishi tōba
1086-1184 Asuka Nara 34°27′24″N 135°48′11″E / 34.4567375°N 135.80312605°E / 34.4567375; 135.80312605 (Omiashi Jinja Stone Tōba) [38]
Former Fuki-ji Rakandō
富貴寺羅漢堂
Fuki-ji Rakandō
1086-1184 Ikaruga Nara dismantled, consolidated by the National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, and re-erected in the precincts of Hōryū-ji 34°36′50″N 135°44′16″E / 34.61389644°N 135.73791603°E / 34.61389644; 135.73791603 (Former Fukiji Rakandō) [39]
Gorintō
五輪塔
gorintō
1086-1184 Katsuragi Nara 34°31′09″N 135°41′43″E / 34.51911609°N 135.69539749°E / 34.51911609; 135.69539749 (Gorintō) [40]
Murō-ji Nōkyōtō
室生寺納経塔
Murōji nōkyōtō
1086-1184 Uda Nara 34°32′18″N 136°02′22″E / 34.53821224°N 136.03951609°E / 34.53821224; 136.03951609 (Murōji Nōkyōtō) [41]
Hōryū-ji Tsumamuro
法隆寺妻室
Hōryūji tsumamuro
1121 Ikaruga Nara 34°36′52″N 135°44′07″E / 34.61437259°N 135.73515208°E / 34.61437259; 135.73515208 (Hōryūji Tsumamuro) [42]
Butsuryū-ji Stone Chamber
仏隆寺石室
Butsuryūji sekishitsu
1086-1184 Uda Nara 34°30′56″N 136°00′35″E / 34.51541678°N 136.00978141°E / 34.51541678; 136.00978141 (Butsuryūji Stone Chamber) [43]
Eizan-ji Seven-Storey Pagoda
榮山寺七重塔
Eizanji shijijūnotō
1086-1184 Gojō Nara 34°21′21″N 135°43′13″E / 34.35574204°N 135.72032949°E / 34.35574204; 135.72032949 (Eizanji Seven-Storey Pagoda) [44]
*Taima-dera Hondō (Mandala-dō)
當麻寺本堂(曼荼羅堂)
Taimadera hondō (mandala-dō)
1161 Katsuragi Nara 34°30′58″N 135°41′41″E / 34.51607478°N 135.69469034°E / 34.51607478; 135.69469034 (Taimadera Hondō) [45]
*Sanbutsu-ji Oku-no-in (Nageire-dō)
三仏寺奥院(投入堂)
Sanbutsuji oku-no-in (nageire-dō)
1086-1184 Misasa Tottori 35°23′47″N 133°57′34″E / 35.3965259°N 133.95942469°E / 35.3965259; 133.95942469 (Sanbutsuji Oku-no-in) [46]
Getsurin-ji Yakushidō
月輪寺薬師堂
Getsurinji Yakushidō
1086-1184 Yamaguchi Yamaguchi 34°08′36″N 131°43′15″E / 34.14345084°N 131.72077409°E / 34.14345084; 131.72077409 (Getsurinji Yakushidō) [47]
*Buraku-ji Yakushidō
豊楽寺薬師堂
Burakuji Yakushidō
1151 Ōtoyo Kōchi 33°47′32″N 133°43′38″E / 33.7921165°N 133.72711628°E / 33.7921165; 133.72711628 (Burakuji Yakushidō) [48]
Gorintō
五輪塔
gorintō
1170 Usuki Ōita 33°05′23″N 131°45′43″E / 33.08976293°N 131.76200428°E / 33.08976293; 131.76200428 (Gorintō) [49]
Gorintō
五輪塔
gorintō
1172 Usuki Ōita 33°05′23″N 131°45′43″E / 33.08976293°N 131.76200428°E / 33.08976293; 131.76200428 (Gorintō) [50]
*Fuki-ji Ōdō
富貴寺大堂
Fukiji Ōdō
1086-1184 Bungotakada Ōita 33°32′16″N 131°31′43″E / 33.53787978°N 131.52854863°E / 33.53787978; 131.52854863 (Fukiji Ōdō) [51]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Cultural Properties for Future Generations" (PDF). Agency for Cultural Affairs. March 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  2. ^ "Database of National Cultural Properties: 国宝・重要文化財 (建造物): 平安" (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Archived from the original on 4 December 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  3. ^ "Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara". UNESCO. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  4. ^ "Buddhist Monuments in the Horyu-ji Area". UNESCO. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  5. ^ "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities)". UNESCO. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  6. ^ "Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land". UNESCO. Retrieved 4 May 2014.