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|[[Jackfruit]]||ചക്ക||Chakka||A big tropical fruit<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/jackfruit|title=Jackfruit; at Merriam Webster}}</ref>
|[[Jackfruit]]||ചക്ക||Chakka||A big tropical fruit<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/jackfruit|title=Jackfruit; at Merriam Webster}}</ref>
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|-
|[[Jaggery]]||ശർക്കര||Sharkara||Coarse brown sugar made from palm and sugarcane<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.memidex.com/jaggery|title=Jaggery Etymology}}</ref><ref>https://www.google.co.in/#q=jaggery+etymology</ref>{{Verify credibility|date=March 2014}}
|[[Jaggery]]||ശർക്കര||Sharkara||Coarse brown sugar made from palm and sugarcane<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.memidex.com/jaggery|title=Jaggery Etymology}}</ref><ref>https://www.google.co.in/#q=jaggery+etymology</ref>
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|[[Mahogany]]||മഹാഗണി||Mahagany||A tropical hardwood tree{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}}
|[[Mahogany]]||മഹാഗണി||Mahagany||A tropical hardwood tree{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}}

Revision as of 06:25, 6 March 2014

This is a list of English words that are directly or ultimately of Malayalam origin.Some of the words mentioned below may have disputed origins but Malayalam language will be more applicable since Europeans first had their ties with Kerala and considering the ancient international spice trade in Kerala.

N.B:The list is by no means exhaustive.

English words of Malayalam origin

English word Malayalam Word Transliteration Meaning
Betel വറ്റില vetel Leaf of a vine belonging to the Piperaceae family[1]
Cash കാശ് kashu Money[2][failed verification]
Coir കയർ kayar Natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut[3]
Copra കൊപ്ര kopra Dried kernel, of the coconut [4]
Curry leaves കറിവേപ്പില kariveppila A leaf used as spice[5][failed verification – see discussion]
Elettaria cardamomum ഏലക്ക Elakka A spice plant[6][failed verification]
Ginger ഇഞ്ചി inchi A fragrant spice[7][failed verification]
Godown കിടങ്ങ് kidangu Warehouse[8]
Jackfruit ചക്ക Chakka A big tropical fruit[9]
Jaggery ശർക്കര Sharkara Coarse brown sugar made from palm and sugarcane[10][11]
Mahogany മഹാഗണി Mahagany A tropical hardwood tree[citation needed]
Mango മാങ്ങ manga A tropical fruit[12]
Nelumbo ആമ്പൽ ambal A tropical hydrophyte[13][failed verification]
poon പുന്ന punna genus of tropical flowering plants.Calophyllum inophyllum[14][failed verification – see discussion]
Teak തേക്ക് Thekku A tropical hardwood tree[15]

Notes

Mango:First use 1582.[16] Until Vasco da Gama landed in Calicut, a port town in the Malabar Coast of Kerala in 1498, the mango fruit was not known to Europeans. The Portuguese adopted the Malayalam word maanga (manga) in Portuguese.[17][unreliable source?]

Betel:First use 1582. Portuguese "bétele" derived from Malayalam due to the first Portuguese influence on the Malabar coast of Kerala, corresponding to the time of it's first use.

Cash:First Known Use: 1593.[18] The date corresponds with the time of Portuguese spice trade with Kerala.Since the Malayalam word for Money(coin) was kashu,the Europeans adopted the word cash for their administration use.

Ginger:First use 12th century.[19] Malayalam:Inchi(ver) "ver" meaning root. Ginger was one of the the spices traded from Kerala by the Arabs to Europe.The Arabs gave the name "zinjaber" which was taken as "zingiberis" by the Greeks,Latin zingiberi,Medieval Latin gingiber and Old English gingifer.

Godown: late 16th century ,Portuguese "gudao" from Malayalam "kidangu" which is an underground storehouse. Kidangu was originally made by by tribal people for underground storage and shelter from wild animals.

Jackfruit:The word "jackfruit" comes from Portuguese jaca, which in turn, is derived from the Malayalam language term, chakka (Malayalam Chakka pazham : ചക്ക).[20] When the Portuguese arrived in India at Kozhikode (Calicut) on the Malabar Coast (Kerala) in 1498, the Malayalam name chakka was recorded by Hendrik van Rheede (1678–1703) in the Hortus Malabaricus, vol. iii in Latin. Henry Yule translated the book in Jordanus Catalani's (f. 1321–1330) Mirabilia descripta: the wonders of the East.[21]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Betel;at etymonline.com".
  2. ^ "Cash Etymology".
  3. ^ "Coir;at Etymonline".
  4. ^ "Copra;at Etymonline".
  5. ^ "Curry leaf;etymology linked with Spice trade with Kerala".
  6. ^ "Cardamom etymology.Spice trade with Kerala".
  7. ^ "Ginger etymology.Ancient Spice trade with Kerala".
  8. ^ "Godown Etymology".
  9. ^ "Jackfruit; at Merriam Webster".
  10. ^ "Jaggery Etymology".
  11. ^ https://www.google.co.in/#q=jaggery+etymology
  12. ^ "Mango;at Merriam Webster".
  13. ^ "Lotus etymology".
  14. ^ "Poon at Dictionary.com".
  15. ^ "Teak etymology;at Etymonline".
  16. ^ http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mango
  17. ^ http://gurumurthykalyanaram.wordpress.com/2008/06/23/the-origin-of-the-word-and-fruit-mango
  18. ^ http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cash
  19. ^ http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ginger
  20. ^ T. Pradeepkumar (2008). Prof. K. V. Peter (ed.). Management of Horticultural Crops, Vol.11. New Delhi, India: Sumit Pal Jain for New India Publishing Agency. p. 81. ISBN (10) 81-89422-49-9. The English name jackfruit is derived from Portuguese jaca, which is derived from Malayalam chakka. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help); Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Friar Jordanus, 14th century, as translated from the Latin by Henry Yule (1863). Mirabilia descripta: the wonders of the East. Hakluyt Society. p. 13. Retrieved November 23, 2012.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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