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List of Bangladesh-India transboundary rivers

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A transboundary river is a type of river that crosses the political borders of at least one or more countries. There are currently about 260 transboundary rivers in the world.[1] The number of transboundary rivers in Bangladesh is about 57.[2][3][4]

Bangladesh-India transboundary rivers

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The number of transboundary or joint rivers between India and Bangladesh is officially 54.[2][3][4] But a 2023 study by Riverine People, a voluntary organization on rivers, wetlands and water resources, found 69 more unrecognized joint or transboundary rivers.[5] According to river researcher Mahbub Siddiqui, the number of joint or transboundary rivers is over a hundred. According to river expert Inamul Haque, this number is more than 171.[6]

Out of 54 officially recognised rivers, six rivers: Betna-Kodalia, Atrai, Punarbhaba, Tetulia, Tangon, Kulik or Kokil rivers Enters India from Bangladesh and amongst them three river: Betna - Kodalia, Atrai, Punarbhaba rivers Enters India from Bangladesh and then again re-enters Bangladesh. Remaining 48 or 47 ( origin of Feni River is disputed) rivers Enters Bangladesh from India and amongst them two rivers Nagar and Dahuk river cross from India to Bangladesh and re-enters India and only Mahananda river flows from India to Bangladesh and then goes through India and then again re-enters Bangladesh.[2]

Joint River Commission

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Main article: Joint River Commission

The Joint River Commission was a bilateral working group established by India and Bangladesh in the Indo-Bangla Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace that was signed on March 19, 1972, and came into being in November 1972. As per the treaty, the two nations established the commission to work for the common interests and sharing of water resources, irrigation, floods, and cyclones control. The studies and reports of the commission contributed directly to the efforts of both nations to resolve the dispute over the Sharing of Ganges Waters, facilitating bilateral agreements in 1975, 1978, and finally in 1996.[7]

List of Bangladesh-India transboundary rivers

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Legend

    ⠀Originating in Bangladesh /  →  ⠀Enters Bangladesh from India /  ⠀River mouth in Bangladesh
    ⠀Originating in India /  →  ⠀Enters India from Bangladesh /  ⠀River mouth in India
    ⠀Originating in China
List of Bangladesh-India transboundary rivers
No River name

[2][1][3]

Origin

[2][3]

Bangladesh/India Entry Point[2][3][4] River mouth

[2][3][4]

Length in India (km)

[2]

Length in Bangladesh (km)

[2]

Total Length

(km) [2]

Length along border

(km)[2]

Average width

(m)[2]

1 Raimangal Ichamati River in Hasnabad, North 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, India Shyamnagar Upazila of Satkhira District, Bangladesh Bay of Bengal 15 62 77 44[a] 2265
2 Ichamati (Ichhamati) - Kalindi Mathabhanga River near Majhdia in Nadia District of West Bengal, India Maheshpur Upazila of Jhenaidah District, Bangladesh Raimangal River, Satkhira District, Bangladesh 345 145[a] 370
3 Betna - Kodalia Bhairab River in Jhenaidah District of Bangladesh Enters India through Bagdah, North 24 Parganas district of West Bengal, India Kholpetua River, Satkhira District, Bangladesh 19 191 210 1 55
Entering Bangladesh through Sharsha Upazila of Jessore District, Bangladesh
4 Bhairab - Kapotaksha Mathabhanga River in West Bengal, India Kathuli of Sadar Upazila of Meherpur District of Bangladesh Sibsa River, Khulna, Bangladesh 2 293 295 8 45
5 Mathabhanga River Ganges near Jalangi in Murshidabad District of West Bengal, India Daulatpur Upazila of Kushtia District of Bangladesh Ichamati River, Hawli Union of Damurhuda Upazila of Chuadanga District, Bangladesh 40 144 184 21 29
6 Ganges / Padma Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India Durlabpur Union of Shibganj Upazila of Chapainawabganj District, Bangladesh Brahmaputra River, Goalanda Upazila, Chandpur District, Bangladesh 2295 230 2525 83 5000
7 Pagla River Ganges in the southwest of Maldah District of West Bengal, India Shibganj Upazila of Chapainawabganj District, Bangladesh Mahananda River, Sundarpur Union of Chapainawabganj District, Bangladesh 47 36 83 4 170
8 Atrai Karatoya River in Khansama Upazila of Dinajpur District, Bangladesh Entering India through Khansama Upazila of Dinajpur District, Bangladesh Hurasagar River, Baghabari, Sirajganj District, Bangladesh 48 218 266 8 177
Enters Bangladesh through Dhamoirhat Upazila of Naogaon District, Bangladesh
9 Punarbhaba Wetlands of Baliadangi Upazila, Thakurgaon District, Bangladesh Entering India through Biral Upazila of Dinajpur District, Bangladesh Mahananda River, Chapainawabganj District, Bangladesh 67 150 217 14 102
Entering Bangladesh through Sapahar Upazila of Naogaon District, Bangladesh
10 Tetulia (Tetulia) Wetlands of Bochaganj - Atgaon, Dinajpur District, Bangladesh, Bangladesh Entering India through Biral Upazila of Dinajpur District of Bangladesh Tangon River, North Dinajpur District of West Bengal, India 20 45 65 2 30
11 Tangon Wetlands of Magura Union, Panchagarh District, Bangladesh Entering India through Pirganj Upazila of Thakurgaon District of Bangladesh Mahananda River, southeast of Hilsa Bazar in Maldah District, West Bengal, India 130 123 253 0.3 120
12 Kulik (Kokil) Lower area of Raipur in Baliadangi Upazila of Thakurgaon District, Bangladesh Enters India through Haripur Upazila or Bhaturia Union of Thakurgaon District, Bangladesh Nagar River, Maldah District of West Bengal, India 66 62 128 7 60
13 Nagar (Nagar Upper) Hilly area of North Dinajpur District of West Bengal, India Entering Bangladesh through Atwari Upazila of Panchagarh District of Bangladesh Mahananda River, Maldah District, West Bengal, India 55 130 185 92 110
Entering India through Haripur Upazila of Thakurgaon District, Bangladesh
14 Mahananda Darjeeling district of the Indian state of West Bengal in the Himalayas Entering Bangladesh through Tetulia Upazila of Panchagarh District of Bangladesh Ganges River, Godagari Ghat, Rajshahi District Bangladesh 324 36 360 20 460
Enters India through North Dinajpur District of West Bengal, India
Entering Bangladesh in Bholahat Upazila of Chapainawabganj District, Bangladesh
15 Dahuk Wetlands south-west of Jugivhita in Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, India Tetulia Upazila of Panchagarh District of Bangladesh Mahananda River, Kishanganj District, Bihar, India 103 12 115 - 80
Enters India through North Dinajpur District of West Bengal, India
16 Karatoya (Korotoa) Baikunthapur in the northwest of Jalpaiguri District in West Bengal, India Bhajanpur Union of Tetulia Upazila of Panchagarh District of Bangladesh Atrai River, Dinajpur District, Bangladesh 75 165 241 1 135
17 Talma Baikunthapur in the northwest of Jalpaiguri District in West Bengal, India Sadar Upazila of Panchagarh District of Bangladesh Karatoya River, Panchagarh District, Bangladesh 43 28 71 3 60
18 Ghoramara Hilly area of Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, India Chaklahat Union of Sadar Upazila of Panchagarh District, Bangladesh Karatoya River, Panchagarh District, Bangladesh 43 23 66 - 65
19 Deonai / Choralkata / Jamuneshwari Lower reaches of Jalpaiguri District of West Bengal, India Domar Upazila of Nilphamari District of Bangladesh Bangali River, Bogra District, Bangladesh 2 365 367 - 50
20 Buri Teesta Lower reaches of Jalpaiguri District of West Bengal, India Dimla Upazila of Nilphamari District of Bangladesh Teesta River, Jaldhaka Upazila of Nilphamari District, Bangladesh 9 67 76 3 69
21 Teesta At Tso Lhamo Lake, Zemu Glacier, Sikkim, Himalayas India Dimla Upazila of Nilphamari District of Bangladesh Brahmaputra River, Phulchhari Upazila of Rangpur District, Bangladesh 249 117 366 3 3000
22 Dharla From South Sikkim, India Patgram Upazila of Lalmonirhat District of Bangladesh Brahmaputra River, Ulipur Upazila of Kurigram District, Bangladesh 173 57 250 (Bhutan 20) 1 1200
23 Dudhkumar From the Chumbi Valley of Tibet, China Bhurungamari Upazila of Kurigram District, Bangladesh Brahmaputra River, Nageshwari Upazila of Kurigram District, Bangladesh 108 46 298 (Bhutan 113, China 31) 3 460
24 Brahmaputra Mount Kailash in Tibet, China Nageshwari Upazila of Kurigram District, Bangladesh Ganges River, Goalanda Upazila of Chandpur District, Bangladesh 918 337 2880 (China 1625) - 12000
25 Jinjiram Urpad Bill of Goalpara District of Assam, India Raomari Upazila of Kurigram District of Bangladesh Old Brahmaputra River, Bahadurabad, Jamalpur District, Bangladesh 20 135 155 - 107
26 Chellakhali / Chillakhali / Chitalkhali West Garo Hills of Meghalaya, India Nalitabari Upazila of Sherpur District, Bangladesh Maliji River, Balughata in Nalitabari Upazila of Sherpur District, Bangladesh 32 24 56 - 52
27 Bhogai South Garo Hills of Meghalaya, India Nalitabari Upazila of Sherpur District, Bangladesh Baulai River, Sunamganj District, Bangladesh 55 122 177 3 95
28 Nitai West Garo Hills of Meghalaya, India Dhobaura Upazila of Mymensingh District, Bangladesh Bhogai-Kangsha River, Durgapur Upazila, Netrakona District, Bangladesh 56 37 93 1 74
29 Someshwari (Simsang / Singsang chi / Simsang wari) East Garo Hills of Meghalaya, India Durgapur Upazila of Netrakona District of Bangladesh Bhogai-Kangsha River, Purbadhala Upazila of Netrakona District, Bangladesh 104 106 210 1 114
30 Jadukata / Jodukata / Jadukata-Rokti West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India Tahirpur Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh Surma River, Jamalganj, Sunamganj District, Bangladesh 98 34 132 - 57
31 Damalia / Jalukhali / Cholti East Garo Hills of Meghalaya, India Bishwamvarpur Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh Surma River, Sadar Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh 67 14 81 - 201
32 Nawagang / Nauyagang East Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India Dowarabazar Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh Surma River, Dowarabazar Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh 11 20 31 - 50
33 Umiam / Umiyeo East Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India Dowarabazar Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh Jaliachra (Bholaganj) River, Chhatak Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh 62 56 118 - 35
34 Dhala East Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India Companiganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh Piyain River, Companiganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh 36 12 48 - 158
35 Piyain East Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India Gowainghat Upazila of Sylhet District of Bangladesh Surma River, Chhatak Upazila of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh 58 44 102 4 115
36 Shari-Goyain West Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya, India Jaintiapur Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh Surma River, Jaintiapur Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh 86 127 213 3 119
37 Surma Barak River in Hills of Manipur-Mizoram, India Zakiganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh Upper Meghna River, Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh 460 388 848 26 111
38 Kushiyara Barak River in Hills of Manipur-Mizoram, India Zakiganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh Upper Meghna River, Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh 460 281 741 30[a] 268
39 Sunai / Bardal Tripura - Mizoram border hill area of India Barlekha Upazila of Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh Kushiyara River, Fenchuganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh 46 168 214 1 81
40 Juri Hills of Tripura, India Juri Upazila of Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh Kushiyara River, Fenchuganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh 46 64 110 16 53
41 Manu Hills of Tripura, India Kulaura Upazila of Moulvibazar District of Bangladesh Kushiyara River, Sadar Upazila of Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh 123 77 200 7 111
42 Dhalai Hills of Tripura, India Kamalganj Upazila of Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh Manu River, Rajnagar Upazila of Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh 59 56 115 5 56
43 Longla Hills of Tripura, India Sreemangal Upazila of Moulvibazar District of Bangladesh Bijna-GuaingJuri River, Nabiganj Upazila of Habiganj District, Bangladesh 13 64 77 19 72
44 Khowai Hills of eastern Tripura, India Chunarughat Upazila of Habiganj District, Bangladesh Kushiyara River, Austagram Upazila of Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh 101 57 158 3 106
45 Sutang Baramura Mountains of Khowai district, Tripura, India Chunarughat Upazila of Habiganj District, Bangladesh Kushiyara River, Lakhai Upazila of Habiganj District, Bangladesh 1 76 77 - 36
46 Sonai Hills of Tripura, India Madhabpur Upazila of Habiganj District, Bangladesh Khasturia Canal, Habiganj District, Bangladesh 21 28 49 3 41
47 Howrah Baramura Mountains of Khowai district, Tripura, India Akhaura Upazila of Brahmanbaria District of Bangladesh Titas River, Akhaura Upazila of Brahmanbaria District, Bangladesh 26 14 40 - 40
48 Bijoni Baramura Mountains of Sipahijala district, Tripura, India Kasba Upazila of Brahmanbaria District of Bangladesh Titas River, Akhaura Upazila of Brahmanbaria District, Bangladesh 29 33 62 - 23
49 Salda Baramura Mountains of Sipahijala district, Tripura, India Kasba Upazila of Brahmanbaria District of Bangladesh Buri River, Muradnagar Upazila of Comilla District, Bangladesh 23 60 83 1 37
50 Gumti / Gomti / Gumati / Gomati Ranges northeast of Dumboor, Tripura, India Comilla District Sadar Upazila of Bangladesh Meghna River, Daudkandi Upazila of Comilla District, Bangladesh 177 88 265 1 65
51 Kakrai-Dakatia Hilly region of West Tripura, India Ujirpur Union of Chauddagram Upazila of Comilla District, Bangladesh Lower Meghna River, Lakshmipur District, Bangladesh 12 220 232 1 67
52 Silonia Hilly region of South Tripura, India Parshuram Upazila of Feni District of Bangladesh Feni River, Sadar Upazila of Feni District, Bangladesh 30 40 70 4 62
53 Muhuri Dumboor Lake, Lushai Hills, Tripura, India Parshuram Upazila of Feni District of Bangladesh Feni River, Chhagalnaiya Upazila of Feni District, Bangladesh 53 65 118 2[a] 71
54 Feni Tripura, India[b] Khagrachhari hill District of Bangladesh Bay of Bengal 94 46 140 94 159
Khagrachhari hill District of Bangladesh[b]
  1. ^ a b c d Of the 54 inter-border rivers flowing between Bangladesh and India, about 140 km of the Ichamati-Kalindi-Raimangal River, about 30 km of the Kushiyara River, about 2 km of the Muhuri River and about 10 km of the Satkhira Sonai River (which is not identified as a transboundary river between the two countries) have not been permanently demarcated, and in other transboundary rivers the international boundary has already been permanently demarcated, even if it is along the midstream of the river or along the banks of any country. is said to have been done.[2]
  2. ^ a b The origin of Feni River is disputed

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Trans-boundary Rivers - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 2024-09-03.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Informations of Transboundary Rivers:Bangladesh-India and Bangladesh-Myanmar" (PDF). jrcb.gov.bd/ (in Bengali). 27 February 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Bushra Nishat, Sanat K. Chakraborty, Md. Emran Hasan, AJM Zobaidur Rahman (2013). Rivers Beyond Borders: India Bangladesh Trans-boundary River Atlas. Drik Publocations. ISBN 978-984-33-8361. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: length (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ a b c d "Bangladesh Water Development Board". 2024-09-01. Archived from the original on 2024-09-01. Retrieved 2024-09-03.
  5. ^ SAMAKAL. "আন্তঃসীমান্ত ৬৯ নদীর স্বীকৃতি মেলেনি". আন্তঃসীমান্ত ৬৯ নদীর স্বীকৃতি মেলেনি. Retrieved 2024-09-03.
  6. ^ ওয়াদুদ, তুহিন (2021-04-04). "কবে জানা যাবে আন্তসীমান্ত নদ–নদীর সংখ্যা". Prothomalo (in Bengali). Retrieved 2024-09-03.
  7. ^ Haq, Enamul (2012). "Ganges Water Sharing". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
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