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Kočani nightclub fire

Coordinates: 41°54′18″N 22°23′42″E / 41.90500°N 22.39500°E / 41.90500; 22.39500
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pulse nightclub fire" redirects here; not to be confused with Pulse nightclub shooting.

Kočani nightclub fire
Remains of the Pulse nightclub in Kočani, North Macedonia, where the fire took place
Map
Location of the nightclub
Date16 March 2025 (2025-03-16)
Time2:35 am (UTC +1)
VenuePulse Nightclub
LocationKočani, North Macedonia
Coordinates41°54′18″N 22°23′42″E / 41.90500°N 22.39500°E / 41.90500; 22.39500
CausePyrotechnics
Participantsc. 500[1]
Deaths59
Non-fatal injuries155 (22+ in critical condition)

On 16 March 2025, a fire at the Pulse nightclub in Kočani, North Macedonia, killed at least 59 people. According to interior minister Panče Toškovski, the fire was caused by pyrotechnics. 155 people were hospitalized in Kočani and other cities domestically and abroad. It is the deadliest nightclub fire in Macedonian history and the deadliest nightclub fire since the 2015 Colectiv nightclub fire in Bucharest, Romania. Protests erupted in several cities after the event.

Background

[edit]

The building housing the nightclub was a single-story structure formerly used as a carpet warehouse.[2] It was described as an "improvised nightclub" by local reporters and, according to authorities, did not have a legal license to operate. An inspection after the fire revealed deficiencies in the fire-extinguishing and lighting systems. Additionally, only one effective exit was identified in the building, as the venue's back door was locked.[3][4] Apart from being locked, the back door did not have a handle on the inside, was covered with drywall, and was lined with flammable soundproofing materials. The building was made of flammable drywall, had no fire alarms, and only had a single fire extinguisher.[5] According to Toškovski, the building was only certified for light industry and not for catering, and there was no written contract between the band and the club owners.[6]

Fire

[edit]

At 2:35 a.m. on 16 March 2025, about 500 people[1] were attending a concert of Macedonian hip-hop duo DNK in the Pulse Nightclub in Kočani.[7] Pyrotechnics used during the performance ignited flammable foam insulation sheets above the wooden beams in the ceiling of the venue, leading to a rapidly-spreading fire.[2] The pyrotechnics ignited during the band performance consisted of perpendicular sparkling gerbs or "stage fountains", a type of indoor firework.[8]

Videos taken of the pyrotechnics and subsequent fire showed attempts to extinguish the flames, with some patrons observing the firefighting while others evacuated. Survivors reported a crowd crush when people rushed towards the club exits.[7] One survivor described being trampled by the crowd after falling down the stairs.[9] A band member urged the crowd to evacuate during the firefighting, stating: "Everyone get out, we'll be back".[10] Some of the victims attempted to escape through the club's bathroom, but were met with barred windows.[9]

Fire crews from nearby cities were also deployed.[11] Authorities rushed dozens of injured people to nearby hospitals in Štip, Kočani and Skopje and Bulgaria sent the military plane "Spartan" to transfer some of the victims to hospitals in Sofia and Varna.[12][13]

Casualties

[edit]

Deaths

[edit]

As of 17 March 2025, 59 people[14] aged between 14 and 24 were killed in the fire.[15] A hospital director in Kočani, Kristina Serafimovska, said "most of the dead suffered injuries from the stampede that occurred in the panic while trying to exit".[16] Many victims were difficult to identify due to their lack of identification cards.[7] An ambulance driver in Kočani who was transporting victims to the hospital throughout the day, died in his sleep on 17 March, a day after the fire, after he had returned home for rest.[17][18]

Andrej Gjorgieski, one of DNK's lead singers, was confirmed dead along with the band's photographer Aleksandar Efremov, backing singer Sara Projkovska, drummer Gjorgji Gjorgiev and keyboard player Filip Stevanovski.[19] Two of the band members survived the initial fire, but died later in the afternoon.[20] Vladimir Blazev, one of DNK's lead singers, suffered burns to his face and hands and was provided with oxygen therapy.[21][22] In total, all the members of the band other than Blazev died as a result of the fire.[23] A police officer at the club checking for drugs and minors was killed in the fire.[24] KF Shkupi football player Andrej Lazarov suffered from smoke inhalation and burn injuries while trying to rescue club patrons, and died a short time after in the hospital.[25][26][27] Damjan Taneski, a young football goalkeeper from Štip, and Petar Ivanovski, a basketball player for Basket Dino Delicacies from Kočani, were also among the victims of the fire.[28][29]

Injured

[edit]

It was reported that 155 people were injured.[14] Some of those were hospitalized in hospitals of Kočani and Štip. Beside those, some were transported to the hospitals of Skopje. This includes 17 with severe burns who were taken to the St. Naum of Ohrid hospital, 49 to the Clinical Centre of Skopje, and 18 to the "September 8th" General Hospital, 2 of whom were in critical condition.[14] Due to the severity of the injuries as a result of burns and smoke inhalation, some of the injured were transferred to specialized units at hospitals and clinics in Skopje and Štip.[30][31]

On 16 and 17 March, some of the more severely injured persons were transferred to hospitals in other countries; Nine patients were transported to Turkey (three to Istanbul and six to Ankara), 14 patients were transported to Bulgaria (eight to Sofia and three each to Varna and Plovdiv).[14] Five people were transferred to Thessaloniki, Greece.[14] 29 of the injured were sent to four different hospitals in Serbia (Military Medical Academy and Clinical Centre of Serbia in Belgrade, Niš Military Hospital and the Clinical Centre of Niš).[32] Four patients were sent to Lithuania and two each to Budapest, Hungary and Vienna, Austra.[14][32]

On the evening of 17 March, Serbian president Aleksandar Vučić visited injured at the Clinical Centre of Serbia in Belgrade together with health minister Zlatibor Lončar and dozens of reporters. This sparked outrage in North Macedonia as some of the patients were in the intensive care unit when Vučić visited them and even their families were not able to visit them. At one moment, Vučić took off his medical mask while speaking to the press in front of a patient.[33]

International medical assistance

[edit]

Bulgaria sent an Alenia C-27J Spartan military aircraft to transport eight of the most critically wounded victims to hospitals in Sofia and Varna, while six more were transported with ambulances to Sofia and Plovdiv.[34] Three more victims were transported to Turkey and three to Greece.[35] Serbia sent a CASA C-295 of the Serbian Air Force to pick up 12 of most critically injured victims, who were transported to the Military-Medical Academy and the Clinical Centre of Serbia.[36] Additionally, Serbia sent 5 ambulances with 14 medical personnel to assist crowded hospitals in North Macedonia.[37] Two ambulances drove two of the most critically injured to Niš, where they were admitted to the University-Clinical Centre of Niš and the Military Hospital, Niš [sr], and three other ambulances drove to Belgrade, where an additional three injured were admitted to Military-Medical Academy and Clinical Centre of Serbia.[citation needed] Romanian Air Force C-27J Spartan aircraft, configured for medical missions, departed on 17 March, from Otopeni to carry out a humanitarian mission to transport four patients diagnosed with burns from Skopje, North Macedonia, to a hospital in Vilnius, Lithuania.[38] In the Netherlands, burn centers in Groningen, Beverwijk and Rotterdam committed to providing medical assistance and shelter to victims.[39] Slovenia sent a military aircraft to transport two burn victims to the Ljubljana University Medical Centre with another two being transported to the Maribor University Medical Centre.[40]

Inspections

[edit]

Following the Kočani nightclub fire, a thorough inspection unveiled significant safety violations at the Pulse Nightclub:[5][4]

  • The venue lacked basic fire safety equipment, including sufficient fire extinguishers and a functional fire alarm system.
  • The club had only one accessible exit, as the backdoor was locked, severely hindering evacuation efforts during the fire.
  • The building had undergone unauthorized modifications, including the use of illegal soundproofing materials, which may have contributed to the rapid spread of the fire.

Aftermath

[edit]

The Macedonian Interior Minister, Panče Toškovski, said that arrest warrants for more than 20 people had been issued, and 15 suspects had already been arrested.[41] He added that the nightclub's operating license was obtained as a result of corruption and bribery. Former Ministry of Economy State Secretary Razmena Čekić Durović was arrested after investigators discovered she signed the forged license the nightclub was operating under.[42] The owner of the nightclub, Dejan "Deko" Jovanov, was arrested after attempting to escape to a neighboring country.[43] Jovanov's son was also arrested.[44] On 17 March, Krešnik Bekteši, the former Minister of Economy, and the former director of the State Market Inspectorate, Goran Trajkovski, were also arrested.[45] The government ordered a three-day inspection of all nightclubs and cabarets in the country.[46]

Reactions

[edit]

Domestic

[edit]

Macedonian Prime Minister Hristijan Mickoski expressed deep sadness over the nightclub fire, saying the loss of so many young lives was irreparable, and that the government was fully mobilised to help determine the cause of the fire.[47] President Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova visited some of the fire victims in hospitals and met with their relatives.[2] She called for punishment for those responsible for the fire and said, "Nothing is worthier than human life, specifically young life."[48] The mayor of Kočani, Ljupčo Papazov, resigned on 17 March.[49] In a social media post announcing his resignation, he called for a through investigation into the fire and for national unity amongst Macedonians.[50] Macedonian Minister of Health Arben Taravari said that representatives would be appointed to inform parents of the victims transported outside the country of their relatives' condition every four to five hours.[51] Seven days of national mourning were declared for the victims.[52]

Protests

[edit]

In the wake of the fire, a series of spontaneous protests unfolded across the country. That evening, citizens began gathering in city squares including Kočani, Štip, Vinica, Strumica, and Gevgelija to mourn and seek justice.[53] The following day, 17 March, saw peaceful protests and tributes nationwide. In Kočani, the protest intensified when some citizens, primarily youths, threw eggs at the municipal building and called for the resignation of Mayor Ljupčo Papazov, who had already stepped down.[54] A group then vandalized the "Klasik" café bar and a vehicle owned by the same individual associated with "Pulse." Protesters approached the Kočani police station, confronting officers without major incidents.[55] In Štip, students rallied, demanding accountability for the disaster that claimed five of their fellow residents. The demonstration began in the city square and moved towards the municipal building.[56] At noon, thousands of students in Skopje observed a seven-minute silence in front of the UKIM plateau to honor the 59 lives lost. Speeches by Education Minister Janevska and UKIM Rector Angelova were briefly interrupted when two attendees collapsed, requiring medical attention.[57][58] Strumica also witnessed a peaceful gathering in its city square, with participants demanding justice for the fire victims. Gjorgji Gjorgiev, the drummer of the band DNK, was among the deceased; he hailed from Strumica.[59] Additional peaceful protests occurred in Bitola, Kavadarci, Probištip, Tetovo, Veles, and other cities.[60][61][62] In Kočani, there was a candlelight vigil.[63] The next day, 18 March, a public gathering was scheduled in Ohrid, as well as a student gathering at 6:00 PM on Macedonia Square.[64][65]

International

[edit]

Politicians from the European Union,[66] Albania,[67] Azerbaijan,[68] Belarus,[69] Bosnia and Herzegovina,[70] Bulgaria,[71] Croatia,[72] Czechia,[73] Georgia,[74] Greece,[75] Israel,[76] Italy,[77] Kosovo,[78] Latvia,[79] Lithuania,[80] Moldova,[81] Montenegro,[82] Poland,[83] Romania,[84] Russia,[85] Serbia,[86] Slovakia,[87] Slovenia,[88] Sweden,[89] Turkey,[90] and Ukraine[91] expressed their condolences over the loss of life and offered support to the Macedonian authorities. Pope Francis and Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople also sent their condolences.[92][93] Bulgaria and Serbia declared 18 March a national day of mourning in solidarity with North Macedonia.[94][95] Montenegro also declared a day of mourning on 17 March.[96] Macedonian health minister Arben Taravari acknowledged receiving offers of assistance from neighboring countries such as Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, and Serbia.[2]

See also

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References

[edit]
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  80. ^ Budrys, Kęstutis [@BudrysKestutis] (16 March 2025). "Lithuania stands in solidarity with North Macedonia in light of the tragic events in Kočani. Our thoughts and prayers are with the victims, their families& friends. Lithuania is ready to provide medical assistance to the seriously injured in this tragedy and welcome them for treatment in our country. 🇱🇹🇲🇰 @TimcoMucunski @MFA_MKD" (Tweet). Retrieved 17 March 2025 – via Twitter.
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  82. ^ "Kordić izjavila saučešće povodom požara u Makedoniji". Borba.me (in me). 16 March 2025. Retrieved 16 March 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  83. ^ "Poland's Tusk offers condolences as North Macedonia mourns nightclub fire victims". www.polskieradio.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  84. ^ "Bolojan: Suntem profund întristați de incendiul devastator din Macedonia de Nord" (in Romanian). 16 March 2025 – via Mediafax.
  85. ^ "Russian Embassy offers condolences to families of victims in nightclub fire". Macedonian Information Agency. 16 March 2025. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  86. ^ Rahmati, Fidel (16 March 2025). "50 dead, over 100 injured in North Macedonia Nightclub Fire". Khaama Press – via www.khaama.com.
  87. ^ @SlovakiaMFA (16 March 2025). "🇸🇰 Minister Juraj Blanár: I am horrified by the tragic events in Kocapi, North Macedonia. I extend my deepest condolences to the families of all the victims and I wish a swift recovery to those who were injured" (Tweet). Retrieved 17 March 2025 – via Twitter.
  88. ^ "STA: Slovenia saddened by devastating North Macedonia nightclub fire". english.sta.si.
  89. ^ Maria, Stenergard [@MariaStenergard] (16 March 2025). "Appalling news of the fire and tragic loss of young lives in Kočani. My heartfelt condolences to the friends and families of the victims, and best wishes for the swift recovery of the injured. We stand with the people of North Macedonia in this time of grief" (Tweet). Retrieved 17 March 2025 – via Twitter.
  90. ^ "Türkiye offers condolences to North Macedonia after deadly nightclub fire". Türkiye Today.
  91. ^ Bruno Waterfield (16 March 2025). "North Macedonia nightclub fire kills at least 51". The Times.
  92. ^ "Pope Francis offers condolences for victims of nightclub fire in North Macedonia". Vatican News. 16 March 2025. Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  93. ^ "Сочувство од вселенскиот патријарх Вартоломеј за трагедијата во Кочани". Fokus.mk (in Macedonian). 17 March 2025. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  94. ^ "U Srbiji u utorak dan žalosti zbog tragedije u Severnoj Makedoniji". N1 (in Serbian). 16 March 2025. Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  95. ^ "Bulgaria to Declare Tuesday Day of Mourning in Solidarity with North Macedonia". Bulgarian News Agency (BTA). 17 March 2025. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  96. ^ "День траура объявлен в Черногории из-за трагедии в Северной Македонии". The Montenegro Times (in Russian). 17 March 2025. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
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