Keshava Kashmiri Bhattacharya
Keshava Kashmiri Bhattacharya (c. 15th Century,[1] also known as keshavacharya (Sanskrit: केशव काश्मीरी भट्टाचार्य, केशवाचार्य, romanized: Keśava Kāśmīrī Bhaṭṭācārya, Keśavācārya) was an Indian philosopher, theologian and poet. He was a Brāhmana, born in the province of Maharashtra, in the village named Vaidūrya-pattanam, also known as Pratiṣṭhāna.[2] He was disciple of Mukunda and Gāṅgala bhaṭṭāchārya.[3] He became the 33rd ācārya of the Nimbārka Sampradāya.[4] Tradition is that he conquered thrice all learned men of his time. Hence the epithet 'Jagadvijayī is often prefixed to his name. His first conquest consisted in vanquishing Vidyādharācārya, a scholar of the Śākta school of thought in Kaśmīra, and gave him the name Vrajeśācārya. Vrajeśācārya wrote in 1450 a commentary on Keśavakāśmīri's Kramadīpikā. His second conquest consisted in driving away the Yavanas from Mathura. After his second conquest Keśavakāśmīrin set out on his third conquest, vanquished the Śākta sect in Bengal, defeated all learned men of Navadvīpa and settled himself in Kaśmīra."[2]
Works
[edit]Keshava kashmiri bhattacharya works are:
- Vedānta Kaustubha Prabhā: A commentary on Brahmasutrā.[5]
- Kramadipika: A Pāñcarātrika work[6][7]
- Tattva-prakāśikā: A commentary on the Bhagavad-gitā.[3][5][8]
- Tattva-prakāśikā-veda-stuti-tīkā: A commentary on the tenth skanda of Bhagavata-purāna.[3]
- Taittriya-prakāśikā: A commentary on the Taittriya Upanisad.[3]
- keno upanisad bhasya: A commentary on keno upanisad.[5]
Kramadīpikā
[edit]Kramadīpikā is a work of eight chapters dealing mainly with the ritualistic parts of the Nimbārka school of religion. This work deals very largely with various kinds of Mantras and meditations on them.[7]
Influence
[edit]It was adopted in the rituals of the Jagannātha temple in Purī, and is quoted in the Haribhaktivilāsa of the Gauḍīya Gosvāmins.[9][10]
Jagganatha Puri
The Kramadipika is an authority on the Krsna worship quoted in the Gopālarcanavidhi of Purusottamadeva (the first and the most standard work on the worship of Jagannatha-Krsna, 15th c.) explicitly refers to the bijamantra of Krsna-Jagannātha as being a "Pradyumna-Mantra" (a Mantra of Pradyumna or Kāma) and designates it as jaganmohana-bewitching the world. “mantrah pradyumno jaganmohano'yam” (kramadīpikā 2.12)[11]
References
[edit]- ^ Ramnarace 2014, p. 323.
- ^ a b Agrawal 2013, p. 173.
- ^ a b c d Dasgupta 1988, p. 402.
- ^ Ramnarace 2016, p. 21.
- ^ a b c Agrawal 2013, p. 174.
- ^ Upadhyay 1978, p. 300.
- ^ a b Dasgupta 1988, p. 403.
- ^ Indian Philosophy & Culture. 1961.
- ^ Ramnarace 2014, p. 263.
- ^ Eschmann 2014, p. 30.
- ^ Eschmann 2014, p. 56.
Bibliography
[edit]- Agrawal, Madan Mohan (2013). Encyclopedia of Indian philosophies, Bhedābheda and Dvaitādvaita systems. Encyclopedia of Indian philosophies / general ed.: Karl H. Potter. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-3637-2.
- Upadhyay, Baladeva (1978). Vaishnava Sampradayon ka Siddhanta aur Sahitya. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Amarbharati Prakashan.
- Dasgupta, Surendranath (1988). A history of Indian philosophy. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0408-1.
- Ramnarace, Vijay (2014). Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa's Vedāntic Debut: Chronology& Rationalisation in the Nimbārka Sampradāya (PDF) (PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh.
- Eschmann, Anncharlott (2014). Kulke, Hermann; Tripathi, Gaya Charan (eds.). The cult of Jagannatha and the regional tradition of Orissa. Studies in Orissan society, culture and history. New Delhi: Manohar. ISBN 978-81-7304-964-4.
- Ramnarace, Vijay (2016). "Brahman Between the Lines: Bhedābheda and Privileged Theology in the Early Nimbārka Sampradāya". The Journal of Hindu Studies. 9 (1). doi:10.1093/jhs/hiw010. ISSN 1756-4255.