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Komering language

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Komering
Basa Kumoring
باس كوموريڠ
Pronunciation[baˈsa ku.mo.ɣiŋ]
Native toIndonesia
RegionSouth Sumatra
EthnicityKomering
Native speakers
470,000 (2000 census)[1]
Lampung (historical, mainly for Komering Hulu dialect)
Latin (present and majority)
Komering (present and minority, mainly for Komering Ilir dialect)
Jawi (present and minority)
Language codes
ISO 639-3kge
Glottologkome1238
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Three Komering girls in 1929

Komering is a Lampungic language spoken by the Komering people, an indigenous ethnic group native to Komering regions alongside the Komering River in South Sumatra, Indonesia.

Location

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Komering is spoken in Lampung Province and South Sumatra Province in southern Sumatra, along the Komering River.

Classification

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The Komering language belongs to the Lampungic branch, which is a subgroup within the Austronesian family.[2][3]

Phonology

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Consonants

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Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate
voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Fricative s h
Lateral l
Trill r
Approximant w j

A voiced fricative /z/ also occurs, but only as a result of foreign loanwords.

Vowels

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Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid o
Open a

Vocabulary

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Examples of basic Komering words:[4]

Komering (standard) Meaning
Kayu Tree
Habu Ashes
Tanoh World
Jukuk Grass
Hatolui Egg
Tolu Three
Hujan Rain
Hambur To Steal
Tohlui Egg
Pak Four
Ganta Now
Ompai New
Sisu Chicken
Manuk Bird
Bunga Flower
Punti Banana
Punti Kayu Papaya
Halimawong Tiger
Iwak Fish
Turui Sleep
Batangari River

Alphabet

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Komering Script

Currently, Komering uses Latin as the general writing system, but there are also a small number of people who still use Jawi Arabic letters. The Komering script was used in ancient times, now there are efforts to preserve this script again.

Sample Text

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Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1

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Kaunyin jolma tilahirko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sai goh-goh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sai barihna dilom semangat bukolpah.

كأوݧين جولما تيلاحير كو مرديكا ريک اوت ڤيئيل ريک حق-حق سي گوه گوه. تيان تيئونجوک اكل ڤيكيرن ريک هاتي نوراني ماري تيان داڤوک ݧامڤور ريک سي باريه ن ديلوم سماڠت بوكولڤه.

/kaʔuɲin d͡ʒolma tilaˈhiɣko maɣdeka ɣiʔ uwat piʔil ɣiʔ haʔ-haʔ saɪ ɡoh-ɡoh. tijan tiʔund͡ʒuʔ akal pikiˈɣan ɣiʔ hati nuɣani maɣi tijan dapoʔ ɲampuɣ ɣiʔ saɪ baɣihna diˈlom səˈmaŋat buˈkolpah./

Notes and references

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  1. ^ Komering at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Adelaar, 2005, p. 22.
  3. ^ Walker, 1976, p. 1.
  4. ^ From Walker, 1975, pp. 14-17.

Sources

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  • Adelaar, Alexander, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar: A Historical Perspective, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar, pp. 1–42, Routledge Language Family Series, Londres, Routledge, 2005, ISBN 0-7007-1286-0
  • Walker, Dale F., A Lexical Study of Lampung Dialects, Miscellaneous Studies in Indonesian and Languages in Indonesia, Part I (editor: John W. M. Verhaar), NUSA Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and Languages of Indonesia, Volume 1, pp. 11–21, Jakarta, Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA, 1975.
  • Walker, Dale F., A Grammar of the Lampung Language: the Pesisir Dialect of Way Lima, NUSA Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and Languages of Indonesia, Volume 2, Jakarta, Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA, 1976.
  • Sofjan Abdurrahman, and Colin Yallop. A Brief Outline of Komering Phonology and Morphology, Miscellaneous studies in Indonesian and languages in Indonesia, Part VI (editor: Amran Halim), NUSA Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and Languages of Indonesia, Volume 7, pp. 11-18, Jakarta, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, 1979.

See also

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