Johann Christian Jacobi (oboist)
Johann Christian Jacobi (1719 – 1784) was a German oboist and composer of the Baroque period.
Life
[edit]Jacobi was born in Tilsit, Prussian Lithuania (now Sovetsk, Russia). He had his first lessons on the oboe from his father, a skilled player of the violin and oboe.[1] After the premature death of his father, he spent a period of self-tuition before moving to Berlin where he immediately sought lessons with the royal Kammermusicus and famous oboe virtuoso Peter Glösch.[2][3] In 1746, he was accepted into the Hofkapelle of Frederick the Great and, at this time, began studying composition with his colleague, the flautist Friedrich Wilhelm Riedt.[4][5]
By 1754, Jacobi was employed as the principal oboist in the Hofkapelle of Frederick the Great's cousin, Charles Frederick Albert, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt in Berlin.[6][7] On the recommendation of Johann Joachim Quantz, in 1768 King Frederick appointed Jacobi as the director of the Hautboistenschule[8] in Potsdam, responsible for training the nearly 2,000 oboists in the Prussian army.[9]
Jacobi was a member of the "Freitagsakademien" (Friday academies), a musical society which met each Friday at the house of Johann Gottlieb Janitsch.[10][11] For Jacobi, Janitsch was said to have composed all manner of trios, quartets and concertos in "all the usual and unusual keys".[12] Such pieces allowed Jacobi to improve his skills as an oboist, and earned him a great reputation amongst Berlin's musical societies. Two works[13] by Janitsch bear a dedication to Jacobi, and several other works in extremely uncharacteristic keys for the oboe[14] by Janitsch can be presumed to have been composed for him. They are a testament to his great skill on the instrument. Bruce Haynes lists him among the great oboists of the baroque period.[15]
Unfortunately, no compositions by Jacobi have survived.
References
[edit]- ^ Marpurg, Friedrich Wilhelm (1754). Historisch-kritische Beyträge zur Aufnahme der Musik, Volume 1 (in German). Joh. Jacob Schutzens. pp. 157–158.
- ^ Marpurg, page 157.
- ^ Bruce Haynes (2001). The Eloquent Oboe. Oxford university press. p. 426.
- ^ Marpurg, page 157.
- ^ Haynes, page 426.
- ^ Oleskiewicz, Mary (2011). Owens, Samantha; Reul, Barbara M.; Stockigt, Janice B. (eds.). Music at German Courts, 1715-1760. The Boydell Press. p. 110.
- ^ Oleskiewicz, page 129.
- ^ Oleskiewicz, page 81.
- ^ Haynes, page 426.
- ^ Oleskiewicz, page 110.
- ^ Haynes, page 426.
- ^ Marpurg, page 158.
- ^ A Quartet in A major for flute, 2 oboes and continuo, and a Trio Sonata in D-flat major for oboe, violin and continuo. The Trio Sonata, dated 1762, bears an inscription Mein letztes und neuestes Trio aus dem Des dur habe dem Herrn Jacobi zugedacht, und will es Ihm hiermit nach meinem Tode vermacht haben. RISM Online
- ^ Trio Sonatas in A major, A-flat major, B-flat minor and F-sharp minor. A further two Trio Sonatas in F minor and E-flat minor are lost.
- ^ Haynes, page 397.