Ivan Shishman II
Ivan Shishman II[1] (Bulgarian: Иван Шишман), also known as (Ivan) Shishman III,[2][3][a] was a Bulgarian rebel proclaimed as tsar of Bulgaria in Tarnovo during the First Tarnovo Uprising (1598).[2][4] He and the rebels briefly held control of Tarnovo,[2] which had been the capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1395), until the uprising was crushed by the Ottoman Empire.[4]
Ivan Shishman II claimed descent from the Second Bulgarian Empire's last ruling dynasty, the House of Sratsimir,[4] allegedly from the tsar Ivan Shishman (r. 1371–1395).[5] Although unverified, it is possible that he was a genuine descendant given that the family is recorded to have survived in the neighbouring Kingdom of Hungary until at least the second half of the 16th century.[6] It has also been suggested that "Ivan Shishman" was a name assumed by one of the other known leaders of the uprising, Theodore Balina, as self-proclaimed tsar.[7]
Notes
[edit]- ^ If Shishman of Vidin (who did not rule as tsar) is counted as "Shishman I".
References
[edit]- ^ Mutafchieva, Vera P. (1969). Bulgaria's Past. Sofia-Press. p. 76.
- ^ a b c Georgescu, Vlad (1991). The Romanians: A History. Ohio State University Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-8142-0511-2.
- ^ Bogdanov, Ivan (1967). Veliko Turnovo. Foreign Languages Press. p. 50.
- ^ a b c Haskell, Arnold Lionel (1966). Heroes and Roses: A View of Bulgaria. Darton, Longman & Todd. p. 22.
- ^ Снегаров, Иван (1953). Културни и политически връзки между България и Русия през XVI-XVIII в (in Bulgarian). Синодално книгоиздательство. p. 84.
- ^ Епицентър. "Кой е Фружин, чието име се появи на оръжието на атентатора от Нова Зеландия". Epicenter (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 2023-04-09.
- ^ история, Българска (2021-05-27). "Кой е мистериозният Шишман III?". Българска история (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 2023-04-09.
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