Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
| İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi | |
 Logo of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality | |
| Formation | 1930 |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | Istanbul Municipal Palace, Saraçhane |
| Ekrem İmamoğlu (CHP) | |
Deputy Chairmen | Gökhan Gümüşdağ Nuri Aslan |
Main organ | Municipal Council of Istanbul |
| Budget | $14,710,000,000 |
| Revenue | $5,089,000,000 |
| Expenses | $6,087,000,000 |
| Staff | 12,734 employees ~76,000 at subsidiaries |
| Website | ibb.istanbul |
The Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (Turkish: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi, İBB) is the government agency in charge of the municipal affairs of the Istanbul Province. It is one of the 30 metropolitan municipalities in Turkey.
History
[edit]The Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was established on 23 March 1984,[1] following the enactment of the metropolitan municipality act on 8 March 1984.[2] Initially, the municipality covered only the urban centers of Istanbul, which accounted for 35% of the Istanbul Province. The rest of the province was administered by the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration.[3]
In July 2004, the concept of metropolitan municipality was redefined in Istanbul and Kocaeli, where thenceforth metropolitan municipality borders would overlap with provincial borders.[4] This change enabled the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality to extend its jurisdiction to the whole province, and to assume the responsibilities of the provincial government.[5][6] The Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality now concentrates the competences of public management, while the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration's duties are limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation.[7]
Organization
[edit]The Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality is divided into 39 district municipalities, which are the second-level local governments within the province. Each district municipality has its own mayor and council, elected by the local voters. The district municipalities are responsible for providing municipal services, such as water, sewerage, waste management, social assistance, health, education, culture, sports, and transportation, within their boundaries.[8]
As of 2024, the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality is organized as follows:[9]
Mayor of Istanbul
- Legal Affairs Section
- Inspection Board
- Internal Audit Unit
- Board of AdvisorsSecretary-General of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directorate of Information Technologies
- Directorate of Human Resources and Education
- Directorate of Health Affairs
- Directorate of Publications and Decrees
- Directorate of Youth and Sport Services
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directorate of Rail Systems
- Directorate of Environmental Control and Protection
- Directorate of Foreign Affairs
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directorate of Press, Publications and Public Affairs
- Directorate of Culture
- Directorate of Cultural Assets
- Directorate of Social Services
- Directorate of Neighborhood Affairs
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directorate of Earthquake Risk Management and Urban Improvement
- Directorate of Development and Urbanism
- Bosphorus Development Section
- Directorate of Transportation
- Directorate of Property Management
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directrorate of Fiscal Services
- Directorate of Subsidiaries Coordination
- Directorate of Strategy Development
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directorate of Support Services
- Istanbul Fire Department
- Istanbul Municipal Police Department
- Directorate of Cemeteries
- Directorate of Agricultural Services
- Assistant Secretary-General
- Directorate of Studies and Wrks
- Directorate of Public Works
- Directorate of Parks and Gardens
- Directorate of Procurement
- Directorate of Road Maintenance and Infrastructure Coordination
- Directorate of Disaster Works
- Istanbul Electricity, Tram and Tunnel Establishments
- Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration
- Assistant Secretary-General
Municipal subsidiaries
[edit]Aside from public safety and public works, the vast majority of daily operations within the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality are run through subsidiary corporations in which their absolute majority of shares are owned and managed by the municipality.
| Name | Revenue | Employees | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| İgdaş | $1,06B[10] | 2,287[10] | |
| İstaç | $221,11M[11] | 4,866[11] | |
| Metro Istanbul | $203,8M[12] | 3,648[12] | |
| İstanbul Ağaç ve Peyzaj | $120,14M[13] | 3,733[13] | |
| Kültür A.Ş. | $89,05M[14] | 688[14] | |
| Spor İstanbul | $63,78M[15] | 782 | |
| İspark | $46,88M[16] | 2,180[16] | |
| İSTON | $40,32M[17] | 977 | |
| Belbim | $31,3M[18] | 548[18] | |
| Hamidiye Su | $28,63M[19] | 223[19] | |
| İstanbul Halk Ekmek | $19,5M[20] | 611[20] | |
| Beltur | $13,1M[21] | 998[21] | |
| İsbak | $10,50M[22] | 601 | |
| Medya A.Ş. | $8,44M[23] | 176[24] | |
| Istanbul İmar | $3,27M[25] | 85[25] | |
| Kiptaş | $1,91M[26] | 235[26] | |
| İstanbul Ulaştırma | $0,95M[27] | 74[27] | |
| Şehir Hatları | $0,22M[28] | 816[28] | |
| Istanbul Planning Agency |
Independent bodies
[edit]- Ethics Commission
- Mediation Commission
- Transportation Coordination Center
- Infrastructure Coordination Center
- Istanbul Urban Council
Governance
[edit]
The Municipal Council of Istanbul (Turkish: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Meclisi) is the decision-making organ of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. It
consists of 333 members, who are elected by the voters of the 39 districts for a five-year term. The council elects the Mayor and the Metropolitan Executive Committee from among its members. The council also approves the budget, plans, and policies of the municipality.[29]
The current mayor of Istanbul is Ekrem İmamoğlu from the Republican People's Party (CHP), who was elected in the 2019 election with 54.21% of the votes. He succeeded Ali Yerlikaya from the Justice and Development Party (AKP), who had ex-officio served as acting mayor in his capacity as governor of Istanbul Province after the March 2019 election was annulled by the Supreme Electoral Council.[30]
The Metropolitan Executive Committee is the executive organ of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. It consists of 21 members, who are elected by the Municipal Council from among its members. The committee assists the mayor in implementing the decisions of the council, and supervises the activities of the municipal administration.[31]
In the 2024 local elections, İmamoğlu was reelected with 51.15% of the vote. Additionally, the CHP won 26 of the 39 districts in Istanbul and a majority in the Istanbul Municipal Council.[32]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ Çölük 2023, pp. 293–322.
- ^ "TÜRK BELEDİYECİLİĞİNİN GELİŞİM SÜRECİ". www.mevzuatdergisi.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 2023-10-06.
- ^ Taşan-Kok, Tuna (2004). Budapest, Istanbul, and Warsaw: Institutional and Spatial Change. Eburon Uitgeverij B.V. p. 87. ISBN 978-90-5972-041-1.
- ^ Yilmaz, Nesli̇han; Çeti̇n, Önez (27 January 2017). "THE EFFECT OF THE LAW NO.6360 ON THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM OF METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITIES: THE CASE OF TR62 CITIES". CORE. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
- ^ "Metropolitan Executive Committee". Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Archived from the original on 2 January 2012. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
- ^ "Organizasyon" [Organization] (in Turkish). Istanbul Special Provincial Administration. Archived from the original on 26 November 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
- ^ Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2008, p. 206.
- ^ "Districts". Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
- ^ "Yönetim Şeması". İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "2023 Annual Report" (PDF). İgdaş. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "İSTAÇ İSTANBUL ÇEVRE YÖNETİMİ SANAYİ VE TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ a b "Metro İstanbul 2023 Faaliyet Raporu" (PDF). Metro İstanbul. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "İSTANBUL AĞAÇ PEYZAJ EĞİTİM HİZMETLERİ VE HAYVANAT BAHÇESİ İŞLET. SAN. VE TİC. AŞ. : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ a b "İSTANBUL KÜLTÜR VE SANAT ÜRÜNLERİ TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-22.
- ^ "İSTANBUL SPOR ETKİNLİKLERİ VE İŞLETMECİLİĞİ TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-22.
- ^ a b "İSPARK İSTANBUL OTOPARK İŞLETMELERİ TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ "İSTANBUL BETON ELEMANLARI VE HAZIR BETON FABRİKALARI SANAYİ VE TİCARET A Ş : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-22.
- ^ a b "Belbim A.Ş. - Elektronik Para ve Ödeme Hizmetleri A.Ş. 2023 Yılı Sayıştay Denetim Raporu". Sayıştay. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Hamidiye Kaynak Suları Sanayi Ticaret ve Turizm Anonim Şirketi". Sayıştay. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Faaliyet Raporu 2023" (PDF). İstanbul Halk Ekmek A.Ş. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Beltur Büyük İstanbul Eğitim Turizm ve Sağlık Yatırımları İşletme ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi, 2023 Sayıştay Denetim Raporu". Sayıştay. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ "Financial Statement - İsbak". İsbak. Archived from the original on 2024-06-04. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ "ISTANBUL DİJİTAL MEDYA TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ "ISTANBUL DİJİTAL MEDYA TİCARET ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ a b "İSTANBUL İMAR İNŞAAT ANONİM ŞİRKETİ : T.C. Sayıştay Başkanlığı". www.sayistay.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-12-21.
- ^ a b "Kiptaş İstanbul Konut İmar Plan Turizm Ulaşım Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi, 2020 Sayıştay Denetim Raporu". Sayıştay. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "İstanbul Ulaşım 2021 Faaliyet Raporu" (PDF). Ulaşım İstanbul. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
- ^ a b "İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi İstanbul Şehir Hatları Turizm San. ve Tic. A.Ş. 2019 Yılı Sayıştay Denetim Raporu". Sayıştay.
- ^ "Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality". Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
- ^ "Istanbul mayoral re-run: Erdogan's ruling AKP loses again". BBC News. 23 June 2019. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
- ^ "Metropolitan Executive Committee". Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
- ^ "Seçim 2024". secim.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2023-05-14. Retrieved 2024-04-09.
Sources
[edit]- İçyüz, İlke (2014). The Relationship between upper and lower tier municipalities in urban planning: the case of İstanbul metropolitan municipality and Büyükcekmece municipality (Master Thesis thesis). Middle East Technical University.
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2008). Istanbul, Turkey. OECD Territorial Reviews. Paris: OECD Publishing. ISBN 978-92-64-04383-1.
- Çölük, Özcan (21 June 2023). "12 Eylül Darbesi İle Değişen Yerel Yönetim Yapısı Çerçevesinde; 25 Mart 1984 İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanlığı Seçimi". Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları / Recent Period Turkish Studies (in Turkish). 0 (43). Istanbul University: 293–322. doi:10.26650/yta2023-1109783. ISSN 1304-9720.