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Interstate 90 in New York

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This article is about the section of Interstate 90 in New York. For the entire route, see Interstate 90.

Interstate 90 marker
Interstate 90
Map
Map of New York with I-90 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NYSTA and NYSDOT
Length385.48 mi[1] (620.37 km)
ExistedAugust 14, 1957[2]–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
West end I-90 at the Pennsylvania state line in Ripley
Major intersections
East end
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CountiesChautauqua, Erie, Genesee, Monroe, Ontario, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Madison, Oneida, Herkimer, Montgomery, Schenectady, Albany, Rensselaer, Columbia
Highway system
← NY 89A→ NY 90

Interstate 90 (I-90) is a part of the Interstate Highway System that runs from Seattle, Washington, to Boston, Massachusetts. In the US state of New York, I-90 extends 385.48 miles (620.37 km) from the Pennsylvania state line at Ripley to the Massachusetts state line at Canaan, and is the second-longest highway in the state after New York State Route 17 (NY 17). Although most of the route is part of the tolled New York State Thruway, two non-tolled sections exist along I-90 (the first, situated outside of Buffalo, is included in the Thruway system; the second, situated in the Capital District, is not part of the Thruway system and links Albany and its eastern suburbs). Within New York, I-90 has a complete set of auxiliary Interstates, which means that there are Interstates numbered I-190 through I-990 in the state, with no gaps in between. For most of its length in New York, I-90 runs parallel to the former Erie Canal route, NY 5, US Route 20 (US 20) and the CSX Transportation railroad mainline that traverses the state.

I-90 was assigned in 1957 as part of the establishment of the Interstate Highway System. In New York, it was overlaid on the preexisting New York State Thruway from Pennsylvania to Albany, from where it would have continued to Massachusetts on a new freeway that bypassed the Berkshire Connector to the north. Ultimately, the freeway was built from the Thruway mainline in Albany to the Berkshire Connector in Schodack, and I-90 was assigned to the segment of the connector east of the proposed freeway. The Albany–Schodack freeway was completed in stages during the 1960s and 1970s and fully open by 1977.

Route description

[edit]

New York State Thruway

[edit]
Main article: New York State Thruway § mainline

West of Albany, I-90 in New York is designated along the mainline of the New York State Thruway. The Thruway begins at the Pennsylvania state line in Chautauqua County, following the shore of Lake Erie northeast and passes through the town of Cheektowaga, a large suburb of Buffalo directly east of the city. Two auxiliary routes, I-190 (leading to Niagara Falls and connecting into Canada as Ontario Highway 405) and I-290 (a northerly bypass of Buffalo) connect with I-90 here. Both auxiliary routes provide access between I-90 and Canada's largest city, Toronto. East of Erie County, the Thruway turns east and passes through the suburbs of several major cities in Upstate New York, generally following the path of the Erie Canal. It passes south of Rochester and north of Syracuse, which are served by three auxiliary Interstate Highways: I-490 and I-390 connect to Rochester, while I-690 leads to Syracuse.[3] The speed limit, enforced by the New York State Police, is 65 mph (105 km/h) along most of this stretch.[4]

Approaching exit 54 on I-90 westbound in West Seneca

East of Syracuse, the Thruway follows the Erie Canal and, later, the Mohawk River into the Mohawk Valley toward Utica, where I-90 skirts the northern edge of downtown and meets I-790, a short route leading into the city's center. Farther east, the freeway indirectly serves the canal and riverside cities of Little Falls (via NY 169) and Amsterdam (NY 30) on its way to Schenectady, where I-890 splits from the Thruway and serves as the connection to the city center. It rejoins I-90 in Albany County, where I-90 leaves the mainline of the Thruway at exit 24 in Albany, which is signed for I-87 north and I-90 east. Here, the route designation of the Thruway changes from I-90 east to I-87 south. Traffic intending to continue on I-90 or reach I-87 north must exit the Thruway here. Exit numbers and mile markers for I-90 reset after exiting.[3]

Albany and Rensselaer counties

[edit]
Guilderland Service Area

The Albany–Schodack section of I-90—the only portion of I-90 in New York that is not part of the Thruway system—begins concurrent with I-87 and heads southeast from Thruway exit 24. Now a toll-free highway, I-90 and I-87 continue to exits 1N and 1S, which are for I-87 and Fuller Road Alternate, respectively. Located off exit 1S and Fuller Road Alternate, an unsigned spur of the Northway leading to Western Avenue (US 20), is Crossgates Mall in Guilderland. I-90 proceeds eastward, meeting Washington Avenue at an interchange connecting to the University of Albany, SUNY, a state university, eastbound and Fuller Road (CR 156) westbound.[citation needed]

Exits 3 and 4, located 0.6 miles (0.97 km) apart in an area bounded by Washington and Central (NY 5) avenues, lead to the W. Averell Harriman State Office Building Campus and the New York State Police Academy (exit 3) and to the Crosstown Arterial (NY 85 at exit 4). I-90 subsequently crosses over NY 5 and passes north of Westgate Plaza as it connects to Everett Road (CR 155). The freeway continues along the northern edge of Albany to exit 5A,[citation needed] a large trumpet interchange originally built to serve I-687.[5] After that project was canceled, it was repurposed as an exit for Corporate Woods Boulevard. East of exit 5A, I-90 passes by slightly more residential areas ahead of a stack interchange with US 9 one mile (1.6 km) north of downtown Albany. Albany Memorial Hospital is located just north of the exit on US 9.[citation needed]

The stack interchange between I-90 and US 9 in Albany as seen from I-90 eastbound

Not far to the east of US 9 is a second stack interchange, connecting I-90 to I-787 in the industrial northeasternmost section of the city of Albany. At this point, I-90 turns to the southeast and follows the Patroon Island Bridge over the Hudson River and into Rensselaer County. Across the river, I-90 becomes the Rensselaer County Veterans Memorial Highway and passes through much less developed areas. In its first 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in the county, the freeway meets Washington Avenue at the northern edge of the city of Rensselaer and the west end of NY 43 in the town of North Greenbush, southwest of US 4 and Defreestville. South of NY 43, I-90 and US 4 follow parallel routings into East Greenbush, where I-90 directly connects to US 4 at exit 9.[citation needed]

I-90 heads southeastward across an undeveloped, forested section of the county, crossing over NY 151 and entering the town of Schodack, where it meets Miller Road, a connector between I-90 and the concurrent routes of US 9 and US 20. The freeway and the overlapping US Routes follow similar routings to Schodack Center, at which point I-90 finally connects to US 9 and US 20 at exits 11E and 11W. I-90 heads due south from this point, passing over NY 150 and paralleling US 9, which splits from US 20 at Schodack Center. The routes cross paths again at exit 12 just north of where I-90 rejoins the Thruway system at exit B1 of the Berkshire Connector.[citation needed]

Berkshire Connector

[edit]
Main article: New York State Thruway (Berkshire Connector)

I-90 heads southeast on the connector, meeting the north end of the Taconic State Parkway in the Columbia County town of Chatham at exit B2 and NY 22 at exit B3 in the town of Canaan one mile (1.6 km) from the Massachusetts state line. The Berkshire Connector ends at the state line; however, I-90 continues southeast into Massachusetts as the Massachusetts Turnpike.[3]

History

[edit]
Main article: New York State Thruway
Overhead signage for exit 24 in Albany, where I-90 leaves the Thruway mainline to serve downtown Albany
The Berkshire Connector (I-90) near exit B2 in Chatham

The east–west corridor I-90 follows across New York has always been major, followed by the Genesee Trail (1790s), Erie Canal (1825), New York Central Railroad (1853), and later the Yellowstone Trail (1912), which became US 20 and NY 5.[original research?] It was planned as part of a nationwide toll road system as early as 1938.[6] Exactly which cities would be served changed over the years, but it was the state of New York that made the decision in 1942, when they passed a law for the construction of a New York City–Albany–Buffalo–Pennsylvania "thruway". This highway, passing Utica, Syracuse, and Rochester on its path between Albany and Buffalo, would provide construction jobs in the post-World War II period.[7] The Berkshire Thruway, a branch east from near Albany to Massachusetts, was authorized in 1944, completing the east–west route across the state.[8] However, construction, which began in 1946, proceeded very slowly, with only one four-mile (6.4 km) portion open by 1950, when a law created the New York State Thruway Authority (NYSTA) to operate the route as a toll road. Construction then progressed much more rapidly, especially after 1954, when the authority was allowed to issue bonds not backed by the state (thus having higher interest rates).[9] The roadway was completed between Buffalo and Albany in 1954,[10] to New York City in 1956,[11] to Pennsylvania in 1957,[12] and to Massachusetts in 1959.[13]

Free I-90 eastbound in Rensselaer

In the meantime, the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act was enacted in 1956, promising a toll-free network of Interstate Highways throughout the nation. The Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) commissioner soon announced that the toll road met all federal Interstate Highway standards,[14] and, on August 14, 1957, most of the mainline of the Thruway was incorporated into the system as part of I-87 and I-90. Most of the connecting Massachusetts Turnpike was also included, but a more northerly alignment, avoiding the Berkshire Thruway, was proposed by the states of New York and Massachusetts for I-90 through Albany past Pittsfield to East Lee, Massachusetts.[2][15] This alignment would be about 30 percent shorter than the all-toll alignment and would provide relief to the four-lane Castleton Bridge on the Berkshire Thruway, which had been built narrower than the rest of the system because of the planned parallel alternate.[16] The BPR objected to the duplication, which would cost over $90 million (equivalent to $773 million in 2023[17]), and refused to approve this alignment.[18] The eventual route ran southeast from Albany to the Berkshire Thruway at the Nassau interchange, providing Albany with an alternate route and additional bridge but not offering any savings in distance and creating a "toll trap" for drivers accessing the Taconic State Parkway from Albany.[19]

Construction on the route of I-90 through Albany began c. 1963, with both ends at existing Thruway interchanges: exit 24, which crossed the Adirondack Northway (I-87) at a cloverleaf interchange and connected to Washington Avenue in western Albany, and exit B1, which connected to US 9 near Nassau.[20][21] Work on the freeway began at the Northway and progressed southeasterly to the Berkshire Connector in Rensselaer County. The portion between the Northway and Everett Road was opened to traffic in the mid-1960s[22][23] while the piece extending from Everett Road to US 4 east of Rensselaer was completed in the early 1970s.[24][25] The last section of the highway was completed to US 9 and US 20 in Schodack Center c. 1974[26][27] and finished by 1977.[28] The Northway cloverleaf was rebuilt in the late 1980s.[29][30]

In 1999, the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and NYSTA discussed redesignating the Berkshire Connector as I-90 and redesignating the non-toll part of I-90 from Thruway exit 24 to exit B1 on the connector as I-88. The section of the Thruway between exits 25 and 24 would then be codesignated as both I-90 and I-88. This was never implemented.[31]

Exit list

[edit]

The mileposts below for the non-Thruway section follow actual signage, where mile 0.00 is located at exit 24 of the Thruway.

All exits in New York use sequential numbering.[32][33]

CountyLocation[33]mi[34][33]kmExitDestinationsNotes
ChautauquaRipley496.00798.23–
 I-90 west – Erie

 New York Thruway begins		Continuation into Pennsylvania; western terminus of New York Thruway
494.92796.5061


 Shortman Road (NY 950D) to US 20 / NY 5 / NY 76 – Ripley
488.50786.16Ripley Toll Gantry (western end of closed toll system)
Town of Westfield485.00780.5360 NY 394 – Westfield, Mayville
Town of Dunkirk467.74752.7559 NY 60 – Dunkirk, Fredonia
Hanover455.54733.1258

 To US 20 / NY 5 – Silver Creek, Irving		Access to Lakeshore Hospital
ErieEvans446.60718.73Angola Service Area
444.87715.9557AEden, Angola
Town of Hamburg436.22702.0357 NY 75 – Hamburg, East Aurora
432.45695.9656
 NY 179 (Milestrip Road) to US 62 – Blasdell, Orchard Park		Orchard Park not signed westbound
Lackawanna431.15693.87Lackawanna Toll Gantry (eastern end of closed toll system)
West Seneca429.47691.1655
 US 219 south / Ridge Road – Lackawanna, West Seneca		No eastbound access to US 219; Ridge Road not signed eastbound; northern terminus of US 219
427.94688.7054
 NY 16 / NY 400 south – West Seneca, East Aurora		Northern terminus of NY 400
Cheektowaga426.17685.8553
 I-190 north – Downtown Buffalo, Canada, Niagara Falls		Southern terminus of I-190
424.92683.8452AWilliam Street
423.19681.0652Walden Avenue – Cheektowaga, BuffaloSigned as exits 52E (east) and 52W (west)
421.57678.4551 NY 33 – Buffalo, Buffalo Niagara International AirportSigned as exits 51E (east) and 51W (west)
420.93677.4250ACleveland DriveEastbound exit and westbound entrance
Cheektowaga–Amherst
town line		420.34676.4750
 I-290 west – Niagara Falls		Eastern terminus of I-290; interchange formerly served NY 5[35]
Amherst418.15672.95Williamsville Toll Gantry (western end of closed toll system)
Cheektowaga–Amherst
town line		417.27671.5349 NY 78 – Depew, Buffalo Niagara International Airport
Lancaster411.60662.41Clarence Service Area (westbound)
GeneseePembroke401.72646.5148A NY 77 – Pembroke, Medina
397.00638.91Pembroke Service Area (eastbound)
Town of Batavia390.13627.8548 NY 98 – Batavia
Town of Le Roy379.10610.10Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
378.56609.2347
 I-490 east / NY 19 – Le Roy, Rochester		Western terminus of I-490
375.20603.83Ontario Service Area (westbound)
MonroeChili368.80593.53Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
Henrietta365.30587.89Scottsville Service Area (eastbound)
362.44583.2946 I-390 – Rochester, CorningExit 12 on I-390
Town of Pittsford358.10576.31Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
OntarioTown of Victor NY 96Replaced by exit 45 c. 1970[36]
350.99564.8645
 I-490 west – Rochester, Victor		Victor not signed westbound; eastern terminus of I-490
349.20561.98Seneca Service Area (westbound)
348.00560.05Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
Farmington347.13558.6544
 NY 332 south – Canandaigua, Victor		Victor not signed eastbound; northern terminus of NY 332
Town of Manchester340.70548.30Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
340.15547.4243 NY 21 – Manchester, Palmyra
336.90542.19Clifton Springs Service Area (eastbound)
Town of Phelps327.10526.4242 NY 14 – Geneva, Lyons
SenecaJunius323.60520.78Junius Ponds Service Area (westbound)
Tyre320.41515.6541 NY 414 – Waterloo, Clyde
CayugaMontezuma310.10499.06Port Byron Service Area (eastbound)
Brutus304.19489.5540 NY 34 – Weedsport, Auburn
OnondagaVan Buren294.60474.11Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
291.30468.80Warners Service Area (westbound)
289.53465.9539

 I-690 east / NY 690 north – Syracuse, Fulton		Western terminus and exit 1A on I-690; southern terminus of NY 690
288.80464.78Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
Salina285.95460.1938 CR 57 – Liverpool, Syracuse
283.79456.7237Electronics Parkway – Liverpool, SyracuseSigned for Liverpool westbound, Syracuse eastbound
283.40456.09Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
282.93455.3336 I-81 – Watertown, Binghamton, Syracuse AirportExit 7 on I-81; future business loop of I-81
281.30452.71Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
DeWitt279.40449.65DeWitt Service Area (eastbound)
278.93448.8935 NY 298 / NY 635 – Syracuse, East Syracuse
277.50446.59Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
276.58445.1134A
 I-481 to I-690 – Syracuse, Oswego, Chittenango		Exit 91 on I-481; signed for Oswego westbound, Chittenango eastbound; future realignment of I-81
Town of Manlius276.10444.34Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
MadisonSullivan266.20428.41Chittenango Service Area (westbound)
Canastota261.50420.8434 NY 13 – Canastota, Chittenango, OneidaSigned for Chittenango westbound, Oneida eastbound
OneidaVerona252.71406.7033 NY 365 – Verona, Oneida, RomeSigned for Oneida westbound, Rome eastbound
Westmoreland244.00392.68Oneida Service Area (eastbound)
243.37391.6732 NY 233 – Westmoreland, RomeRome not signed eastbound
Utica232.85374.7431
 I-790 west / NY 8 / NY 12 – Utica, Rome		Rome not signed eastbound; eastern terminus of I-790
HerkimerSchuyler227.00365.32Schuyler Service Area (westbound)
Village of Herkimer219.70353.5730 NY 28 – Herkimer, Mohawk
Danube210.62338.9629A NY 169 – Little Falls, Dolgeville
209.90337.80Indian Castle-Iroquois Service Area
MontgomeryTown of Canajoharie194.10312.3729
 To NY 10 – Canajoharie, Sharon Springs		Access via NY 5S
RootMohawk Valley Welcome Center (westbound)
Fultonville182.17293.1728 NY 30A – Fultonville, FondaAccess to Fulton County Airport
Florida–Amsterdam line173.59279.3727 NY 30 – Amsterdam
Florida171.80276.49Mohawk Service Area (eastbound)
168.20270.69Pattersonville Service Area (westbound)
SchenectadyRotterdam162.22261.0726


 I-890 east / NY 5S west to NY 5 – Schenectady, Scotia		Western terminus and exit 1B on I-890; access to NY 5 via NY 890
161.00259.10Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
158.82255.6025A

 I-88 west to NY 7 – Schenectady, Binghamton		Eastern terminus of I-88
157.80253.95Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
AlbanyGuilderland153.83247.5725

 I-890 west / NY 7 to NY 146 – Schenectady		Eastern terminus of I-890
152.80245.91Guilderland Service Area (eastbound)
Albany–Guilderland line149.60240.76Toll Gantry (eastern end of closed toll system)
148.15
0.00		238.42
0.00		24

 I-87 south / New York Thruway south to Mass Pike east – New York City		Eastern end of Thruway concurrency; western end of I-87 concurrency; exit number not signed westbound
1

 I-87 north to US 20 (Western Avenue) – Albany International Airport, Montreal, Saratoga		Access to US 20 via NY 910F; signed as exits 1S (US 20) and 1N (I-87); eastern end of I-87 concurrency
Albany–Guilderland–
Colonie tripoint		0.801.292 Fuller Road (CR 156) / Washington Avenue (NY 910D west) – UAlbanySigned for Fuller Road westbound, Washington Avenue eastbound
Albany1.852.983State Offices
2.193.524
 NY 85 west – Slingerlands, Voorheesville		Eastern terminus of NY 85
3.195.135
 CR 155 (Everett Road) to NY 5
3.806.125ACorporate Woods BoulevardFormerly planned for I-687
5.108.216

 US 9 (Henry Johnson Boulevard) to NY 377 / NY 32 – Loudonville, Arbor Hill
6.169.916A I-787 – Troy, AlbanyExit 5 on I-787; access to MVP Arena and Albany–Rensselaer station
Hudson River6.4110.32Patroon Island Bridge
RensselaerRensselaer6.9211.147Washington Avenue – RensselaerEastbound exit and westbound entrance
North Greenbush7.7312.448
 NY 43 east – Defreestville		Western terminus of NY 43
East Greenbush9.4715.249 US 4 – East Greenbush, Rensselaer
Schodack13.1021.0810 CR 54 (Miller Road) – Schodack Center, East Greenbush
14.5123.3511 US 9 / US 20 – East Greenbush, NassauSigned as exits 11W (north/west) and 11E (south/east) eastbound
19.5731.4912 US 9 – Hudson, Castleton-on-Hudson
19.9932.17Exit B1 Toll Gantry (western end of closed toll system)
20.39
6.58		32.81
10.59		B1

 Berkshire Connector west to I-87 / New York Thruway – New York City, Buffalo		Western end of Berkshire Connector concurrency; exit number not signed eastbound
ColumbiaChatham15.0924.29B2

 Taconic State Parkway south to NY 295 – Chatham, East Chatham, Canaan		Northern terminus of Taconic State Parkway
Canaan18.129.1Canaan Toll Gantry (eastern end of closed toll system)
23.2737.45B3 NY 22 – Austerlitz, New Lebanon, West Stockbridge, Stockbridge
24.2839.07–
 I-90 east / Mass Pike east – Boston

 Berkshire Connector ends		Continuation into Massachusetts; eastern terminus of Berkshire Connector
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Auxiliary routes

[edit]
  • I-190 runs from I-90/NY Thruway along the Niagara Thruway/Expressway to its terminus at the Canadian border on the Lewiston–Queenston Bridge.
  • I-290 runs from I-190 to I-90, and provides the fastest road link between Toronto and the Northeastern United States.
  • I-390 runs from the Southern Tier Expressway (I-86/NY 17), travels 76 miles to Rochester and ends at I-490.
  • I-490 serves the city of Rochester, and comprises part of the Inner Loop.
  • I-590 serves the city of Rochester, and connects I-390 and I-490.
  • I-690 serves the city of Syracuse and it s downtown.
  • I-790 serves the city of Utica, and is concurrent with NY 5 during its whole 2.41 miles (3.88 kilometers)
  • I-890 serves the city of Schenectady, and serves its downtown.
  • I-990 is the highest number interstate in the whole system.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Starks, Edward (January 27, 2022). "Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways". FHWA Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
  2. ^ a b Official route numbering for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways (Map). American Association of State Highway Officials. August 14, 1957.
  3. ^ a b c New York State Map (Map). Cartography by Map Works. I Love New York. 2009.
  4. ^ "History of NY Thruway 1991–2000". Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  5. ^ "History". Adirondack Northway Exit 3 Project. New York State Department of Transportation. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
  6. ^ Location of Routes Selected for Study (Map). Bureau of Public Roads. 1938.
  7. ^ Statement by Assemblyman Moffat and Senator Hampton Relative to the Establishment of a State Thruway System, March 13, 1942, New York Legislative Document, 1942, v. 15 no. 80–82, p. 153
  8. ^ "The New York State Thruway: The Beginning". Thruway Chronology. New York State Thruway Authority. 2002. Archived from the original on October 29, 2010. Retrieved November 18, 2010.
  9. ^ Kaszynski, William (2000). The American Highway: The History and Culture of Roads in the United States. McFarland & Company. pp. 141–142. ISBN 0-7864-0822-7.
  10. ^ Weaver, Warren Jr. (October 27, 1954). "More of Thruway Opened by Dewey". The New York Times. p. 31.
  11. ^ Ingraham, Joseph C. (August 27, 1956). "Thruway Opening Final Link Friday". The New York Times. p. 21.
  12. ^ "The Thruway Becomes the Longest Toll Road". The New York Times. December 15, 1957. p. 159.
  13. ^ Ingraham, Joseph C. (May 24, 1959). "Boston to Chicago". The New York Times. p. XX1.
  14. ^ Pierce, Bret (September 19, 1956). "Thruway Called a Model Project". The New York Times. p. 39.
  15. ^ "Traffic Engineering for I90". Traffic Engineering. 28. Institute of Traffic Engineers. 1957.
  16. ^ Highway Cost Estimates: Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Public Works, 1958, p. 173
  17. ^ Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023). "What Was the U.S. GDP Then?". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved November 30, 2023. United States Gross Domestic Product deflator figures follow the MeasuringWorth series.
  18. ^ U.S. Congress, Miscellaneous Highway Legislation, 1961, p. 112
  19. ^ "Rockefeller Urged to Veto Road Link". The New York Times. March 30, 1964. p. 25.
  20. ^ New York with Sight-Seeing Guide (Map) (1962 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1962.
  21. ^ New York Happy Motoring Guide (Map) (1963 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1963.
  22. ^ New York (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Mobil. 1965.
  23. ^ New York (Map) (1969–70 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1968.
  24. ^ New York State Highways (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. State of New York Department of Commerce. 1969.
  25. ^ New York and New Jersey Tourgide Map (Map) (1972 ed.). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1972.
  26. ^ New York (Map) (1973 ed.). Cartography by H.M. Gousha Company. Shell Oil Company. 1973.
  27. ^ New York and New Jersey Tourgide Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1974.
  28. ^ New York (Map) (1977–78 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Exxon. 1977.
  29. ^ Federal Highway Administration (2009). "Structure 1073530". National Bridge Inventory. United States Department of Transportation.
  30. ^ Federal Highway Administration (2009). "Structure 1073540". National Bridge Inventory. United States Department of Transportation.
  31. ^ Bergman Associates (February 13, 2008). "Hudson River Crossing Study" (PDF). Capital District Transportation Committee and New York State Department of Transportation. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 19, 2011. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  32. ^ Google (October 2011). "Exit 24". Google Street View. Retrieved July 10, 2015. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  33. ^ a b c Office of Technical Services (2014). "Inventory Listing". New York State Department of Transportation Engineering Division. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  34. ^ "2011 Traffic Volume Report" (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. September 25, 2012. pp. 148–149. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  35. ^ Martin, David J. (April 25, 1957). "Public Notice - New York State Thruway Authority". The Blasdell Frontier-Herald. Blasdell, New York. p. 7. Retrieved May 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  36. ^ "Victor, New York". United States Geological Survey. 1966. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
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