Ignacio Manuel Altamirano
Ignacio Manuel Altamirano Basilio (Spanish pronunciation: [iɣˈnasjo maˈnwel altamiˈɾano βaˈsiljo]; 13 November 1834 – 13 February 1893) was a Mexican radical liberal writer, journalist, teacher and politician. He wrote Clemencia (1869), which is often considered to be the first modern Mexican novel.
Biography
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Altamirano was born in Tixtla, Guerrero, of indigenous Chontal Maya heritage.[1] His father was the mayor of Tixtla, this allowed Ignacio to attend school there. He later studied in Toluca thanks to a scholarship that was granted him by Ignacio Ramírez, of whom he was a disciple.
As a liberal politician, Altamirano opposed Benito Juárez's continuation in office in 1861, allying himself with other liberal foes of Juárez and supporting Jesús González Ortega.[2] With the French invasion of Mexico in 1862, Altamirano understood how dire the situation was for Mexico, since unlike the U.S. invasion (1846–48), which united Mexicans against the invader, the French were supported by Mexican conservatives.[3] His best-known novel is El Zarco, which is set in Yautepec, Morelos during the Reform War of 1857–1860. It tells the story of an honorable and courageous Indian blacksmith who falls in love with a haughty village girl, only to have her elope with the cold-blooded bandit, "Zarco Blue Eyes."[4]
He founded several newspapers and magazines including El Correo de México ("The Mexico Post"), El Renacimiento ("The Renaissance") (1869), El Federalista ("The Federalist"), La Tribuna ("The Tribune") and La República ("The Republic").
Altamirano was president of the Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadística (Mexican Society for Geography and Statistics) from 1881 to 1889. He was also public prosecutor, magistrate and president of the Supreme Court, as well as senior officer of the Ministry of Public Works and the Economy.
Despite being a liberal politician, Altamirano was a devoted catholic. In contrast with othe Mexican liberals from his epoch, as Ignacio Ramírez or Vicente Riva Palacio, he was not a skeptical in religion or radical anticlerical (although he supported the Church-State separation and the expropriation of ecclesiastical properties, i.e. the Mexican Reform). Therefore, he was simultaneously catholic and liberal, a strong believer of the Christian faith and a believer of the Human capacity of always (morally) progress. He was an enthusiast of Reason and civilizational Progress and believed in the superior capability of science to free Humanity of its atavisms. He also believed in the advancement possibility of all human disciplines, including the art.[5]
He died in San Remo, Italy, in 1893.
Bibliography
[edit]- La literatura nacional (1849)
- Clemencia (1869), Ed.Elibros, ebook. ISBN 9789588732312
- Crónicas de la semana (1869)
- La Navidad en las montañas (1871), ebook, Ed.Elibros ISBN CDLPG00010825
- Antonia (1872)
- Beatriz (1873)
- Atenea
- Cuentos de invierno (1880)
- Rimas (1880)
- El Zarco (written 1885–1889, published 1901), Ed. Siglo XXI, México. ISBN 9789682322402 (posthumous)
- Paisajes y leyendas, tradiciones y costumbres de México (1886)
- Obras (1899)
Further reading
[edit]- Nacci, Chris N. Ignacio Manuel Altamirano. New York: Twayne Publishers 1970.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Castañeda Arratia, Jesús. El Instituto Cientifico y Literario de Toluca forjador de adalides de la talla de Ignacio Manuel Altamirano (PDF) – via uaemex.mx.
- ^ Brian Hamnett, Juárez, New York: Longmans 1994,128.
- ^ Hamnett, Juárez, p. 178.
- ^ "El Zarco the Blue Eyed Bandit Episodes of Mexican Life Between 1861 1863: Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, Ronald Christ, Sheridan Phillips: Trade Paperback: 9780930829612: Powell's Books". www.powells.com. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
- ^ Ortiz-Delgado, Francisco Miguel (2020). "Capítulo 2 Ignacio Manuel Altamirano". La metafísica de los liberales. La historia y el progreso según Vicente Riva Palacio, Ignacio Manuel Altamirano e Ignacio Ramírez "El Nigromante". Aguascalientes: Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. p. 82.
- Auto-translated Bio at mexicodesconocido.com.mx ("Unknown Mexico" website)
External links
[edit]- Works by Ignacio Manuel Altamirano at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about Ignacio Manuel Altamirano at the Internet Archive
- Works by Ignacio Manuel Altamirano at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- The audiobook Clemencia can be downloaded from Leer Escuchando (in Spanish)
- 19th-century Mexican writers
- Liberalism in Mexico
- Mexican male novelists
- 19th-century Mexican poets
- Mexican male poets
- Writers from Guerrero
- Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
- Mexican jurists
- Mexican diplomats
- 19th-century Mexican journalists
- Mexican male journalists
- Mexican soldiers
- Nahua people
- 1893 deaths
- 1834 births
- 19th-century Mexican novelists
- 19th-century Mexican male writers