Henry de Grey

Arms of Grey: Barry of six Argent and Azure

Sir Henry de Grey of Grays Thurrock, Essex (1165–1219) was a favourite courtier of King John of England.

Family

Sir Henry was the progenitor of the considerable number of noble houses bearing the name Grey or Gray; Sir Henry's descendants in the direct male line went on to be ennobled with no less than eighteen peerages, including eleven substantive baronies, a viscountcy, four earldoms (Kent, Tankerville, Stamford and Grey), a marquessate and two duchies. Sir Henry's descendants through the female line are countless but include the Barons Audley, Barons Revelstoke, Barons Northbrook, Barons Howick, Barons Dacre, Barons Willoughby de Eresby, Earl of Lindsey, the Earls of Malmesbury, Earls of Westmoreland, Earls of Essex, Earls of Durham, Earls of Cromer, Earls of Elgin, Earls of Bridgewater, the Earls of Ashburnham, the Marquesses of Lindsey and the Dukes of Somerset, the Dukes of Ancaster, and the Aga Khans, amongst many others

Life

In 1195 he had been granted the Manor of Thurrock in Essex which later became known as Grays Thurrock (or simply Grays), which he bought from Isaac the Jew and his son Josce. To commemorate this connection, on 11 June 2013 (the 808th anniversary of the charter), a green Thurrock heritage plaque was unveiled to de Grey. Before 1201 he was also granted the Manor of Codnor, Derbyshire, and in 1216 was also granted by King Henry III of England the Manor of Grimston in Nottinghamshire.

Marriage and issue

Around 1199 he married at Thurrock, Essex , Isolda Bardolf (Hoo, Kent, c. 1168 - bef. 18 June 1246),by whom he had three sons:

• Sir Richard de Grey of Codnor Derbyshire, ancestor of the Barons Grey of Codnor
• Sir John de Grey of Shirland Derbyshire, ancestor of the Barons Grey of Wilton and Barons Grey of Ruthyn, and through the Ruthyn Greys he was ancestor of John Grey of Groby, the first husband of Elizabeth Woodville, who later married Edward IV. In this connection, Sir John was the ancestor of the Viscounts Lisle, the Grey Marquesses of Dorset and of Lady Jane Grey. It is from Sir John's descendants the Greys of Wilton that Gray's Inn takes its name.

• William de Grey of Cavendish, Suffolk, of Landford, Nottinghamshire and of Sandiacre, Derbyshire, ancestor of the Greys of Merton, Norfolk and a remote ancestor of the Barons Walsingham

After his death his widow married Reynold de Meurdre.

Sources

• L. G. Pine, The New Extinct Peerage 1884-1971: Containing Extinct, Abeyant, Dormant and Suspended Peerages With Genealogies and Arms (London, U.K.: Heraldry Today, 1972), p. 136.
• Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 2, p. 1665.
• G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, p. 89.
• The Peerage of England: Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of ...Vol. 2 By Arthur Collins

Notes

^[1] Sir Henry was the son of John de Grey (born Thurrock, Essex, c. 1140 and married c. 1157) and probably a great-grandson of Anchetil de Greye (b. circa 1100) of Rotherfield Greys, a grandson of Domesday baron Anchetil de Greye (c. 1052 – 1086+). There is no documental evidence that there is an association between the Greys of Rotherfield Baron Grey of Rotherfield.

[Book of Fees, page 21] 1208-1209. Buckingham – Nomina tenecium in capite in baronia in Buk de domino rege. Isti tenent frescartis in eadem comitatu. De honore de Notingham. De escaetis terre que fuit Willelmi de Similly. Henricus de Gray, Hugo de Samford', Henricus de Curton', Nescitur servicium; alibi. Names in tenants is capital who held by barony in co. Buckingham of the king, whose lands were escheated in the said county. Lands of William de Similly granted to Henry de Gray, Hugh de Samford and Henry de Curton. [William de Similly swore fidelty to the French king following the fall of Normandy and subsequently his English lands were confiscated.]

[Book of Fees, page 288] 1219. Nottingham - Terra Theobaldi monetarii in Noting' est escaeta domini regis, et uxor ipsius Theobaldi tenet illam reddendo inde dimidiam marcam unde ipsa fuit atornata de predicto servicio Henrico de Gray per Philippum Marc', vicecomitem, et terra ilia solet reddere ad scaccarium dimidiam marcam.