Jump to content

Pizza Hut

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Hankook Pizza Hut)

Pizza Hut, LLC
Company typeSubsidiary
Industry
GenreCasual dining
take-out
FoundedMay 31, 1958; 66 years ago (1958-05-31)
Wichita, Kansas, U.S.
Founders
  • Dan Carney
  • Frank Carney
Headquarters7100 Corporate Dr., Plano, Texas[1]
Number of locations
19,866 restaurants worldwide (2023)
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Aaron Powell
(President Pizza Hut International)[2]
ProductsPizza
Fries
Pan pizza
Pasta
Chicken wings
Breadsticks
ServicesFranchising
RevenueIncrease US$1.091 billion (2016)[3]
Number of employees
About 350,000[3]
ParentYum! Brands
Websitepizzahut.com

Pizza Hut, LLC[4] is an American multinational pizza restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 in Wichita, Kansas by Dan and Frank Carney. The chain, headquartered in Plano, Texas, operates 19,866 restaurants worldwide as of 2023.[5]

While studying at Wichita State University, the Carneys opened their first location, which quickly expanded to six outlets within a year. The brand began franchising in 1959, and its distinctive building style was designed by Chicago architect George Lindstrom in 1963. Pizza Hut experienced significant growth, including the acquisition by PepsiCo in 1977, followed by a spin-off into Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc., later renamed Yum! Brands[6] in 2002, who are the current owners.

Pizza Hut introduced PizzaNet in 1994, an early internet ordering experiment, and continued innovation with offerings like stuffed crust pizza introduced in 1995. Pizza Hut has adapted its model to include various restaurant formats, including the family-style dine-in locations, carry-out, and hybrid locations. It has ventured into international markets, tailoring its menu to local tastes. The brand faced challenges, including the closure of numerous dine-in locations in the US and adjustments to its franchise operations. Despite these hurdles, Pizza Hut remains a significant player in the global fast-food industry, known for its innovative products and marketing strategies.

History

Pizza Hut was launched on May 31, 1958,[7] by two brothers, Dan and Frank Carney, both Wichita State students, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.[8] Six months later they opened a second outlet, and within a year they were operating six locations.[9]

One early employee was future Pro Football Hall of Fame head coach Bill Parcells, who had worked for the company while a college student and football player at Wichita State University. Parcells was considering a franchise for a career (as well as law school), but instead chose to enter coaching, eventually becoming a head coach in the National Football League.[10]

The brothers began franchising in 1959. The iconic Pizza Hut building style was designed in 1963 by Chicago architect George Lindstrom[11] and was implemented in 1969.[9]

The first Pizza Hut opened on May 31, 1958, in Wichita, Kansas.

PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.[12][13] On May 30, 1997, PepsiCo spun off Pizza Hut, along with Taco Bell and Kentucky Fried Chicken, into a new company named Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. The company assumed the name of Yum! Brands on May 22, 2002.[14][15]

The first Pizza Hut restaurant east of the Mississippi River was opened in Athens, Ohio, in 1966 by Lawrence Berberick and Gary Meyers.[16]

In the early 1970s, Pizza Hut opened several other chains to diversify its menu. These included the fast-food Mexican eatery Taco Kid; hamburger restaurant Next Door; steakhouse Flaming Steer; and barbecue restaurant Sutphen's. All four ventures were unsuccessful and closed by the end of the decade.[17]

In August 1994, Pizza Hut and the Santa Cruz Operation (SCO) announced PizzaNet, a pilot program in the Santa Cruz area that allowed consumers to use their own computer to order pizza delivery from a local Pizza Hut restaurant, with connection being made over the Internet to a central Pizza Hut server in Wichita, Kansas.[18][19] The PizzaNet application software was developed by SCO's Professional Services group.[20] PizzaNet was based on the first commercially licensed and bundled Internet operating system, SCO Global Access.[20]

On March 31, 2011, Priszm, owner of Pizza Hut in Canada, went into bankruptcy protection in Ontario and British Columbia.[21]

In 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut, which was the restaurant located in the Aggieville District of Manhattan, Kansas, closed.[16]

The company announced a rebrand that began on November 19, 2014, in an effort to increase sales, which had dropped in the previous two years. The menu was expanded to introduce various items such as crust flavors and 11 new specialty pizzas, and the company's employee uniforms were redesigned.[22] In 2017, Pizza Hut was listed by UK-based company Richtopia at number 24 in the list of 200 Most Influential Brands in the World.[23][24]

On June 25, 2019, Pizza Hut announced it was bringing back the logo and the red roof design that was used from 1976 until 1999.[25][26]

On August 7, 2019, Pizza Hut announced its intention to close about 500 of its 7,496 dine-in restaurants in the US, by the middle of 2021.[27]

On August 18, 2020, Pizza Hut announced it would be closing up to 300 restaurants after the bankruptcy of NPC International, one of its largest franchisees.[28] In March 2021, Flynn Restaurant Group acquired NPC's 937 Pizza Hut locations.[29]

Concept

Pizza Hut is split into several different restaurant formats: the original family-style dine-in locations; storefront delivery and carry-out locations; and hybrid locations that have carry-out, delivery, and dine-in options. Some full-size Pizza Hut locations have a lunch buffet, with "all-you-can-eat" pizza, salad, desserts, and breadsticks, and a pasta bar. Pizza Hut has other business concepts independent of the store type.[citation needed]

In 1975, Pizza Hut began testing concepts with Applegate's Landing.[30][31] with restaurants that featured had Colonial-style exteriors and eclectic interiors that included a truck with a salad bar in the bed. The chain offered much of the same pizza and pasta dishes, with some additions like hamburgers and bread pudding. Applegate's Landing went defunct in the mid-1980s except for one location in McPherson, Kansas that closed in late 1995.[32]

Pizza Hut Express location in San Marcos, Texas

An upscale concept was unveiled in 2004, called "Pizza Hut Italian Bistro". At 50 U.S. locations, the Bistro is similar to a traditional Pizza Hut, but with a menu that included previously unseen items, such as penne pasta, chicken pomodoro, and toasted sandwiches.[33] Instead of black, white, and red, Bistro locations feature a burgundy and tan motif.[34] In some cases, Pizza Hut has replaced a red roof location with the new concept. Pizza Hut Express locations are fast food restaurants that offer a limited menu with many products not seen at a traditional Pizza Hut. These stores are often paired in a colocation with WingStreet in the US and Canada, or other sibling brands such as KFC or Taco Bell and found on college campuses, food courts, theme parks, bowling alleys, and within stores such as Target.[citation needed]

Vintage locations featuring the red roof, designed by architect Richard D. Burke, can be found in the United States and Canada; several exist in the UK, Australia, and Mexico. In his book Orange Roofs, Golden Arches, Phillip Langdon wrote that the Pizza Hut red roof architecture "is something of a strange object – considered outside the realm of significant architecture, yet swiftly reflecting shifts in popular taste and unquestionably making an impact on daily life. These buildings rarely show up in architectural journals, yet they have become some of the most numerous and conspicuous in the United States today."[35]

In 2014, Curbed.com reported, "Despite Pizza Hut's decision to discontinue the form when they made the shift toward delivery, there were still 6,304 traditional units standing as of 2004, each with the shingled roofs and trapezoidal windows signifying equal parts suburban comfort and strip-mall anomie." This building style was common in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The name "red roof" is somewhat anachronistic now since many locations have brown roofs. Dozens of these restaurants have closed or been relocated or rebuilt.[36]

Many of the older locations with the red roof design serve beer or have a full bar, music from a jukebox, and in some cases an arcade. In the mid-1980s, the company moved into other formats, including delivery or carryout and the fast food "Express" model.[37]

In June 2024, some locations reportedly brought back the all you can eat lunch buffet.[38]

Pizza Hut concepts

Products

Pizza Hut products in the Philippines

In North America, Pizza Hut has notably sold:

An ice cream ball sold by Pizza Hut restaurant at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport
  • Pan pizza, baked in a pan with a crispy edge;
  • "Stuffed crust" pizza, with the outermost edge wrapped around a cylinder of mozzarella cheese;
  • "Hand-tossed", more like traditional pizzeria crusts;
  • "Thin 'N Crispy", a thin, crisp dough which was Pizza Hut's original style;
  • Dippin' Strips pizza, a pizza cut into small strips that can be dipped into a number of sauces;
  • The P'Zone, a calzone with a marinara dipping sauce that comes in plain, Supremo, Meaty, and pepperoni;
  • The Bigfoot pizza, its largest product;
  • The Priazzo, a pie like pizza stuffed with pizza ingredients.[citation needed]

The "stuffed crust" pizza was introduced on March 26, 1995. By the end of the year, it had become one of their most popular lines.[39]

Pizza Hut delivery motorcycles in Japan

Regional differences are seen in the products and bases.[40] The company has localized to Southeast Asia with a baked rice dish called Curry Zazzle.[41][42]

On May 9, 2008, Pizza Hut created "The Natural" pizza, which featured natural ingredients and was sold in Seattle, Denver and Dallas. This was discontinued on October 27, 2009, in the Dallas market.[43]

Pizza Hut developed a pizza to be delivered to the International Space Station in 2001.[44] It was vacuum-sealed and about 6 in (15 cm) in diameter to fit in the station's oven.[44] It was launched on a Soyuz and eaten by Yuri Usachov in orbit.[45]

In the 2010s, the chain saw a downturn in profits. In 2015, the franchise stated it would be pumping more capital into its London branches. Pizza Hut is installing cocktail bars in its London branches as part of a £60 million bid to win back "the Nando's generation".[46]

In January 2019, Pizza Hut announced it had expanded beer delivery to 300 locations across the U.S., with plans to expand to 1,000 locations by the middle of the year.[47]

In March 2019, Pizza Hut announced the return of the P'Zone after a hiatus of several years.[48]

In March 2020, Pizza Hut Hong Kong announced that it had partnered with furniture retailer IKEA on a joint venture. IKEA launched a new side table called SÄVA, which was designed to resemble a pizza saver. The table would be boxed in packaging resembling a pizza box, and the building instructions included a suggestion to order a Swedish meatball pizza from Pizza Hut, which would contain the same meatballs served in IKEA restaurants.[49][50] A 2021 menu addition, designed to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the introduction of stuffed crust pizza, was "nothing but the stuffed crust," a ring of dough filled with cheese.[51]

WingStreet

Pizza Hut WingStreet chicken wings

WingStreet is the name used for Pizza Hut's chicken wing menu.[52]

A Pizza Hut restaurant in Gillette, Wyoming with WingStreet signage

In 2003, Yum! launched WingStreet in combination with existing Pizza Hut franchises.[53] The chain predicted aggressive growth, adding more than 4,000 locations by 2010.[54] In 2012, Pizza Hut opened a standalone pilot store in Denton, Texas. The store was unsuccessful and closed the following year.[55]

Restaurants with WingStreet sections on their menus sell breaded and traditional buffalo wings for take-out and delivery. Their sauces include original Buffalo (in mild, medium, and hot levels of spiciness), sweet chili, spicy garlic, honey barbecue, and garlic Parmesan, as well as cajun and lemon pepper dry rubs. They also offer sauce-free "naked" wings.[citation needed]

International

Countries with active Pizza Hut locations

Pizza Hut's international presence under Yum! Brands includes:

  • Canada and Mexico in North America
  • Japan, India,[56][57] Bangladesh,[58][59] Pakistan, Sri Lanka, China, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Croatia,[60] European Union, Qatar, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea, Myanmar, and Macau in Asia [61]
  • Egypt

Pizza Hut's China operations are part of the Yum! spinoff Yum China. Pizza Hut was one of the first American franchises to open in Iraq.[62]

Australia

Pizza Hut expanded to Australia in 1970, opening its first dine-in restaurant in Belfield in April 1970.[63] In 2016, private equity firm Allegro Funds and a local management team bought the master franchise agreement for Pizza Hut in Australia from Yum! Brands.[64] In June 2023, Allegro sold Pizza Hut Australia to US franchise operator Flynn Restaurant Group.[65] As of June 2023, there are about 260 Pizza Hut stores in Australia.[65]

In May 2024, Australian franchisee Pizza Pan Group was penalized with a AU$2.5 million fine for spending 10 million marketing spam messages over four months in violation of Australian spam laws. It had been directed to report regularly to the Australian Communications and Media Authority.[66]

China

In China, Pizza Hut (simplified Chinese: 必胜客; traditional Chinese: 必勝客; pinyin: Bìshèng Kè) used an altered business model, offering a fine-dining atmosphere with knives and forks and using an expanded menu catering to Chinese tastes.[67] By 2008, Pizza Hut operated restaurants and delivery locations. That year, the company introduced "Pizza Hut Express", opening locations in Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hangzhou.[68] The 160 restaurants were in 40 Chinese cities in 2005.[69] As of 2015, Pizza Hut had 1,903 restaurants in China.[70] As of the end of March 2024, Pizza Hut has over 3400 outlets in over 700 cities.[71]

Savio S. Chan (陳少宏, Pinyin: Chén Shàohóng) and Michael Zakkour, authors of China's Super Consumers: What 1 Billion Customers Want and How to Sell it to Them, stated middle-class Chinese perceive Pizza Hut as "akin to fine dining", though Pizza Hut was "China's largest and most successful foreign casual-dining chain".[72]

Ethiopia

In 2018, Pizza Hut officially opened in Ethiopia.[73]

Israel

Main article: Pizza Hut Israel

Mongolia

"Tavan Bogd Foods Pizza" LLC officially opened Pizza Hut on July 14, 2014, in Mongolia. They currently work under three concepts: Restaurant, Delivery, and Express, and provide products and services in 13 areas.[citation needed]

New Zealand

The first Pizza Hut store in New Zealand was established in New Lynn 1974 by businessman Garry Melville-Smith, who bought the franchise rights for the country.[74][75] By 1990, 36 stores had been established across New Zealand. The franchise originated as a dine-in restaurant targeting families and also served alcohol, pasta, salad bars and desserts. Pizza Hut dominated the New Zealand fast food market during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, holding 75% of the market share at its peak. The franchise's success encouraged other fast food chains including Domino's, Eagle Boys, Pizza Haven and Hell Pizza to enter the New Zealand market. In 1996, Melville-Smith sold the New Zealand franchise back to PepsiCo, which subsequently rebranded as Restaurant Brands in 1997.[74]

In 1998, Pizza Hut shifted from a dine-in restaurant chain towards a takeaway and delivery service in response to changes in consumer behaviour.[75] In 2000, Restaurant Brand acquired Eagle Boys' New Zealand operations, which were rebranded as Pizza Hut stores.[74] In February 2016, the original New Lynn dine-in restaurant was demolished and replaced with a takeaway store.[75] In late September 2024, Pizza Hutt celebrated the 50th anniversary of its establishment in New Zealand by holding pop-up lunch and dinner buffet and dessert events in Auckland.[76]

Pakistan

Pizza Hut Pakistan (Urdu: پیزاہٹ پاکستان) is the Pakistani franchisee of Pizza Hut. It is owned by MCR (Pvt) Ltd and is headquartered in Karachi, Pakistan.[77][78] The first outlet was opened in Karachi in 1993. Currently, Pizza Hut has a presence in 23 major cities.[79]

South Korea

As of August 2018, Pizza Hut has 324 franchises in South Korea since it opened its first store in 1985.[80]

United Kingdom

Pizza Hut first opened in the UK in 1973.[81] In 2023, UK Pizza Hut restaurants added Beyond Meat Pepperoni to its menus with pizzas that include the Big New Yorker with vegan cheese and Beyond Pepperoni.[82]

Former markets

  • Russia – Pizza Hut began operating in Russia in 1991, when food supplies dwindled during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, prompting Russian President Boris Yeltsin to call Pizza Hut deliveries.[83] Pizza Hut suspended operations in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[84] Later some restaurants re-opened operations under rebranded new trademark PittsaN (ПиццаН).[85]
  • Panama – In 2022, the Pizza Hut chain ceased its operations in Panamanian lands after re-reporting economic losses.[86]

Advertising

United States

Pizza Hut's first television commercial was produced in 1965 by Bob Walterscheidt for the Harry Crow agency in Wichita, and was entitled "Putt-Putt to the Pizza Hut". The ad looks just like an old movie and is set in fast motion. It features a man in a business suit and tie, played by Ron Williams, who was then a production manager for Wichita's ABC affiliate KAKE-TV, as he orders take-out, leaves his house, and gets into his 1965 Mustang JR to drive to Pizza Hut, where he is chased by a variety of townspeople, portrayed by neighborhood kids, Walterscheidt and his daughter, and various employees for Harry Crow and KAKE-TV. He goes inside Pizza Hut to pick up his pizza and drives home. People eat all the pizza before the man who ordered it can get any, which makes the man very upset, so he calls Pizza Hut again. The ad first aired on November 19, 1966, during halftime of the Notre Dame vs. Michigan State "Game of the Century", and dramatically increased sales for the franchise. "Putt-Putt to the Pizza Hut" ran on TV for eight years and was nominated for a Clio Award.[87][88]

Until early 2007, Pizza Hut's main advertising slogan was "Gather 'round the good stuff".[89] From 2008 to 2009, the advertising slogan was "Now You're Eating!"[90] From 2009 to 2012, the advertising slogan was "Your Favorites. Your Pizza Hut"[89] From 2012 to 2016, the advertising slogan was "Make it great", a variation of the 1987–1995 slogan "Makin' it great!".[89] From 1995 to 1999, the slogan was "You'll love the stuff we're made of".[91] The advertising slogan is currently "No one outpizzas the hut".[92]

Pizza Hut does not have an official international mascot, but at one time, a series of commercials in the U.S. aired, titled "The Pizza Head Show". These commercials ran from 1991 to 1999 and was created by Walter Williams, creator of the Mr. Bill sketches from Saturday Night Live in the late 1970s – upon which the ad campaign was based. The ads featured a slice of pizza with a face made out of toppings called "Pizza Head". In the 1970s, Pizza Hut used the signature red roof with a jolly man named "Pizza Hut Pete". Pete was on the bags, cups, balloons, and hand puppets for the kids. In Australia during the mid to late 1990s, the advertising mascot was a delivery boy named Dougie, with boyish good looks, who upon delivering pizza to his father, would hear the catchphrase "Here's a tip: Be good to your mother". Adding to the impact of these advertisements, the role of Dougie was played by famous Australian soap opera and police drama actor Diarmid Heidenreich.[citation needed]

Pizza Hut sponsored the film Back to the Future Part II (1989) and offered a free pair of futuristic sunglasses, known as "Solar Shades", with the purchase of Pizza Hut pizza. Pizza Hut also engaged in product placement within the film, having a futuristic version of their logo with their trademarked red hut printed on the side of a mylar dehydrated pizza wrapper in the McFly family dinner scene, and appear on a storefront in Hill Valley in the year 2015.[93]

The 1990 NES game Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Arcade Game came with a coupon for a free pizza. The game included Pizza Hut product placement in the form of background advertisements and pizza that would refill the character's life.

In 1995, Donald Trump and his ex-wife Ivana Trump appeared in a commercial. The last scene of the commercial showed Ivana asking for the last slice, to which Donald replied, "Actually, you're only entitled to half", a play on the couple's recent divorce.[94]

In 1995, Ringo Starr appeared in a Pizza Hut commercial that teased to a Beatles reunion, but featured three members of The Monkees. A commercial with Rush Limbaugh dates from the same year, in which he boasts "nobody is more right than me," yet he states for the first time he will do something wrong, which was to participate in Pizza Hut's then "eating pizza crust first" campaign regarding their stuffed crust pizzas.[95][96]

In 1999, the announcer says, "The best pizzas under one roof" in the Big New Yorker pizza commercial seen on the PlayStation Pizza Hut Demo Disc 1. Also, in 1999, the game Crazy Taxi for Sega Dreamcast featured Pizza Hut as one of the locations to which players were able to drive and drop off customers. However, in the game's 2010 re-release for Xbox Live and PlayStation Network, all of the product placement, including the Pizza Hut locations, were removed and replaced with generic locations.[97]

Early 2007 had Pizza Hut move into several more interactive ways of marketing to the consumer. Using mobile-phone SMS technology and their MyHut ordering site, they aired several television commercials (commencing just before the Super Bowl) containing hidden words that viewers could type into their phones to receive coupons. Other innovative efforts included their "MySpace Ted" campaign, which took advantage of the popularity of social networking, and the burgeoning user-submission marketing movement via their Vice President of Pizza contest.[98]

United Kingdom

Pizza Hut location in Stockport, England

In 1996, as part of Pizza Hut's global advertising strategy using celebrities, Formula One driver Damon Hill and BBC motorsport commentator Murray Walker advertised the stuffed crust pizza, which parodies Walker's extravagant style.[99]

Talk show host Jonathan Ross co-starred in an ad with American model Caprice Bourret. They advertised the new stuffed crust pizza, with Jonathan Ross saying "stuffed cwust" due to his rhotacism.[100]

Following England's defeat to Germany on penalties in the semifinals of Euro '96, Gareth Southgate, Stuart Pearce, and Chris Waddle featured in an advertisement, which shows Southgate wearing a paper bag over his head in shame as his penalty miss allowed England to lose the shootout. Waddle and Pearce, who both missed in a shootout vs West Germany at World Cup '90, are ridiculing him, emphasizing the word "miss" at every opportunity. After Southgate finishes his pizza, he takes off his paper bag, heads for the door, and bangs his head against the wall. Pearce responds with, "this time he's hit the post".[101]

Russia

Pizza Hut advertisement in Moscow, Russia in January 1990, just before the restaurant opened

Former Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev starred in a 1998 Pizza Hut commercial with his granddaughter Anastasia Virganskaya to raise money for the Perestroyka Archives.[102] The ad "obviously exploited the shock value of having a former world leader appear... [and] played on the fact that Gorbachev was far more popular outside Russia than inside it". It was filmed on a multi-million budget with a cinematic quality, including mounting cameras on the Kremlin and shutting down Red Square to get the establishing shots of the square, and dialogue entirely in Russian with English subtitles, to show Pizza Hut as a global brand compared to its American rivals.[103]

More recently, Pizza Hut has had various celebrity spokespeople, including Jessica Simpson, the Muppets, Damon Hill, and Murray Walker.

In 2000, Pizza Hut paid for their logo to appear on a Russian Proton rocket, which launched the Russian Zvezda module.[104]

Pasta Hut

A branch of Pizza Hut rebranded as "Pasta Hut" on Charing Cross Road, London, in 2009

On April 1, 2008, Pizza Hut in America sent emails to customers advertising their pasta items. The email (and similar advertising on the company's website) stated: "Pasta so good, we changed our name to Pasta Hut!"[105] The name change was a publicity stunt held on April Fools' Day, extending through the month of April, with the company's Dallas headquarters changing its exterior logo to Pasta Hut.[106]

This name change was also used to promote the new Tuscani Pasta line and the new Pizza Hut dine-in menu. The first Pasta Hut advertisement shows the original Pizza Hut restaurant being imploded and recreated with a "Pasta Hut" sign.

A version of this stunt was re-created by Pizza Hut's UK operation later that year in October 2008, which included ten locations in London temporarily taking on new "Pasta Hut" signage. Pizza Hut UK's chief executive at the time has insisted that this was solely intended as a "PR exercise" and the chain never planned on permanently changing its name in the UK or elsewhere.[107]

Sponsorships

A Pizza Hut-themed Little Free Library in front of a Pizza Hut in Gillette, Wyoming

Book It!

Pizza Hut has sponsored the Book It! reading-incentive program since it started in January 1985.[116][117] Students who read books according to the goal set by the classroom teacher, in any month from October through March, are rewarded with a Pizza Hut certificate good for a free, one-topping Personal Pan Pizza; and the classroom whose students read the most books is rewarded with a pizza party. Book It! was conceived in 1984 during a dinner with Art Gunther, President of Pizza Hut, and Bud Gates, SVP of Marketing at Pizza Hut, as a way to help Gunther's son read more.[118]

The program has been criticized by some psychologists on the grounds it may lead to overjustification and reduce children's intrinsic interest in reading.[119] Book It! was also criticized by the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood in 2007 who described it as "one of corporate America's most insidious school-based brand promotions." A pamphlet produced by the group argued the program promoted junk food to a captive market, made teachers into promoters for Pizza Hut, and undermined parents by making visits to the chain an integral part of bringing up their children to be literate.[120] However, a study of the program found participation in the program neither increased nor decreased reading motivation.[119] The program's 25th anniversary was in 2010. The Book It! program in Australia ceased in 2002.

Criticism

Pizza Hut pizzas contain high amounts of salt.

In the United Kingdom, Pizza Hut was criticized in October 2007 for the high salt content of its meals, some of which were found to contain more than twice the daily recommended amount of salt for an adult. The toppings that consumers prefer, however (ham, sausage, bacon, etc.), naturally contain high levels of salt.[121]

To meet the Food Standards Agency 2010 target for salt levels in foods, between 2008 and 2010, the company removed over 15% of salt across its menu.[122]

In July 2014, delivery drivers in the United States filed a class-action lawsuit over Pizza Hut "paying delivery drivers net wages below minimum wage due to unreimbursed automobile expenses" in violation of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act.[123] An attempt by Pizza Hut to have the case dismissed in November 2015 failed.[124] In December 2016, the case, Linkovich v. Capital Pizza Huts, Inc., et al., was decided by arbitration, in which Pizza Hut paid damages.[125][failed verification]

The film Slice of Life: The American Dream. In Former Pizza Huts, directed by Matthew Salleh and released in 2024, is a documentary about people who have converted former Pizza Hut buildings across America into a variety of new enterprises.[126]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Inside Pizza Hut's new headquarters in Plano". Wfaa.com. Archived from the original on March 8, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
  2. ^ "Senior Officers & Leadership Team". Yum! Brands. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved April 24, 2021.
  3. ^ a b "Pizza Hut to close up to 300 locations operated by bankrupt franchisee". Wfaa.com. August 17, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
  4. ^ "Pizza Hut, LLC". OpenCorporates. March 30, 2016. Retrieved April 11, 2024.
  5. ^ "Pizza Hut restaurant count worldwide 2010–2023". statista. February 24, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2024.
  6. ^ Yum! Brands Form 10-K 2019 Archived June 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Yum! Brands. Form 10-K. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  7. ^ "Our Story". Hut Life – Pizza Hut Brand Blog. May 31, 2016. Archived from the original on April 1, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2022.
  8. ^ "History of Pizza Hut". encyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
  9. ^ a b Swanson, Ana (October 15, 2015). "Oddly captivating photos show what happened to all those Pizza Hut restaurants". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
  10. ^ "Bill Parcells looks back at football life – Says he almost chose Piazza Hut over football". The Dan Patrick Show. July 30, 2013. Archived from the original on February 26, 2022. Retrieved March 29, 2022. I never really was aspiring [to NFL coaching] when I was a young coach. It was a decision between going into coaching, going to law school, which I had interest in. And going to work for a franchise that I had worked for in college. The name of the franchise was Pizza Hut. …. We were running stores for them. … What they wanted me to be was a franchisee and expand the franchise. When they were talking to me there were only about six or eight of them.
  11. ^ Andrew F. Smith: Food and Drink in American History: A full course encyclopedia, 2013, page 679.
  12. ^ Tihen, Edward N. "Tihen Notes on Pizza Hut" (PDF). Wichita State University Libraries. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
  13. ^ Millman, Nancy (January 24, 1997). "Pepsico To Spin Off Restaurants". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 20, 2017. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  14. ^ "Yum! Brands Inc (YUM) Company Profile". Reuters.com. Reuters. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 3, 2014.
  15. ^ Johnson, Greg (August 1, 1997). "Taco Bell's Parent to Be Based in Louisville, Ky". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
  16. ^ a b "pizza hut history". pacific.com.vn. Archived from the original on May 30, 2022. Retrieved April 24, 2021.
  17. ^ Dick Disalver (June 1, 1980). "End of Carney era comes to Pizza Hut". Wichita Eagle. pp. 1F, 2F. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
  18. ^ "Business: Ordering over the Internet". Chicago Tribune. August 22, 1994. p. 3 (Evening Update) – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^ Swaine, Michael (December 1994). "Programming Paradigms: The Pizza Clerk, the Bookmaker, and the UPS Truck". Dr. Dobb's Journal. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
  20. ^ a b "sco and Pizza Hut Announce Pilot Program for Pizza Delivery on the Internet" (Press release). Pizza Hut and The Santa Cruz Operation. August 22, 1994. Archived from the original on June 9, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2008.
  21. ^ Peter, Sacha (April 1, 2011). "Priszm Income Fund Declares Bankruptcy". Divestor. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012.
  22. ^ Candice Choi, Associated Press (November 10, 2014). "Pizza Hut's revamp: Curry crusts, balsamic drizzle". Detroit News. Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved November 10, 2014.
  23. ^ Mishra, Mihir. "Jet Airways among top 200 most influential brands in the world". Economic Times. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
  24. ^ "Brands Top 200: From Amazon to Google, These Are the Most Influential Brands in the World". Richtopia. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  25. ^ De Luce, Ivan (June 27, 2019). "Pizza Hut is rebooting its iconic 'red roof' logo with a retro design". Business Insider. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
  26. ^ Valinsky, Jordan (June 25, 2019). "Pizza Hut brings back its retro logo". CNN Business. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
  27. ^ Newcomb, Alyssa (August 7, 2019). "Pizza Hut is closing hundreds of its dine-in restaurants". Today Show. Archived from the original on August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  28. ^ Valinsky, Jordan (August 18, 2020). "300 Pizza Huts are closing after a giant franchisee goes bankrupt". CNN Business. Archived from the original on August 18, 2020. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
  29. ^ Fantozzi, Joanna (March 24, 2021). "Flynn Restaurant Group finalizes acquisition of NPC International's Pizza Hut locations and most of its Wendy's restaurants". Nation's Restaurant News. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  30. ^ Neil, Denise (June 18, 2010). "Dining down memory lane". The Wichita Eagle. Archived from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  31. ^ "APPLEGATE'S LANDING Trademark of Pizza Hut, Inc. Serial Number: 73083225: Trademarkia Trademarks". trademark.trademarkia.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  32. ^ "Pop Applegate has Left the Building". June 16, 2013. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  33. ^ "Pizza Hut licensee opens 'Italian bistro' concept". Nation's Restaurant News. April 4, 2005. Archived from the original on May 2, 2007.
  34. ^ Jean Le Boeuf (March 9, 2007). "Three tomatoes to a capable Pizza Hut 'Bistro'". Archived from the original on May 2, 2007.
  35. ^ Orange Roofs, Golden Arches: The Architecture of American Chain Restaurants By Phillip Langdon. Pp. 99, 189. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1986.
  36. ^ Peterson, Spencer (January 2, 2014). "This Transnational Survey of Old Pizza Huts is So Satisfying". Curbed National. Archived from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
  37. ^ "The Food". MUY Pizzas. Archived from the original on August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  38. ^ "Pizza Hut Has Brought Back Its AYCE Lunch Buffet".
  39. ^ Venessa Wong (February 2013). "Did Pizza Hut Really Invent the Stuffed Crust Pizza?". Businessweek.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013.
  40. ^ [1] Archived May 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  41. ^ "Delicious Pizza Hut Parchment Pasta". Singapore-restaurant.com. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2015.
  42. ^ "Baked Rice". pizzahut.com.sg. Archived from the original on January 2, 2011.
  43. ^ "Pizza Hut rolling out all-natural pizza". In.reuters.com. May 10, 2008. Archived from the original on January 3, 2009. Retrieved May 10, 2008.
  44. ^ a b "Pizza Hut Becomes First Company In History To Deliver Pizza To Residents Living In Outer Space". spaceref.com. May 21, 2001. Archived from the original on February 3, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  45. ^ "BBC News – AMERICAS – Pizza sets new delivery record". bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  46. ^ "Cocktail bars installed in revamp of London branches of Pizza Hut". The Evening Standard. February 16, 2015. Archived from the original on October 10, 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
  47. ^ Taylor, Kate. "Pizza Hut is going to deliver beer from hundreds of locations across the US". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 7, 2019. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
  48. ^ Kelso, Alicia. "Pizza Hut Makes A Major Value Play By Bringing Back Cult-Favorite P'Zone As Part Of $5 Lineup". Forbes. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  49. ^ Allen, Kelly (March 11, 2020). "IKEA and Pizza Hut Collabed to Make a Table Inspired by the Stands in Pizza Boxes". House Beautiful. Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  50. ^ Lindsay, Jessica (March 18, 2020). "Ikea and Pizza Hut team up to create three-legged table that looks just like the 'saver' in your pizza box and meatball pizza". Metro. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
  51. ^ Miller, Bob (January 4, 2021). "Pizza Hut Is Giving Away New 'Nothing But Stuffed Crust' At These Select Locations From Jan. 5 To Jan. 7, 2021". Chew Boom. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
  52. ^ Slawsky, Richard (July 6, 2007). "Chicken wings take flight". PizzaMarketplace.com. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  53. ^ Cyrek, Christopher (October 20, 2009). "Pizza Hut going after wings market". Dallas Business Journal. Dallas, Texas: American City Business Journals, Inc. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2011.
  54. ^ "WingStreet(R) Fastest Growing Restaurant Chain (Press release)". Reuters. May 8, 2008. Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  55. ^ Christopher Freeburn (May 30, 2013). "Pizza Hut's Stand-Alone WingStreet Test Fails". InvestorPlace. Archived from the original on November 25, 2018. Retrieved November 24, 2018.
  56. ^ "Pizza Hut to double outlets in India by 2015". Business Today. December 28, 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  57. ^ "Pizza Hut India Opens 500th Store In The India-Subcontinent". Franchise India Bureau. December 3, 2018. Archived from the original on January 1, 2019. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  58. ^ "Bangladesh Monitor". Bangladesh Monitor. Archived from the original on July 22, 2015. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  59. ^ "Transcom Food Limited". Transcom Group. Archived from the original on March 16, 2016. Retrieved May 9, 2018.
  60. ^ Thomas, Mark (January 28, 2024). "Pizza Hut Opens First Restaurant in Croatia - The Dubrovnik Times". The Dubrovnik Times. Retrieved February 14, 2024.
  61. ^ "Yum! Brands – Defining Global Company that Feeds the World". Yum!. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  62. ^ "Events | Consulate General of the United States Erbil, Iraq". Consulate General of the United States Erbil, Iraq. February 24, 2014. Archived from the original on June 16, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  63. ^ "Bulldozed: Australia's first Pizza Hut bites the dust in Belfield". The Daily Telegraph. May 28, 2018. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  64. ^ Thompson, Sarah; Macdonald, Anthony; Moullakis, Joyce (September 5, 2016). "Allegro and former McDonald's execs take control of Pizza Hut Australia". Australian Financial Review. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  65. ^ a b Carter, Bridget (June 8, 2023). "Allegro Funds sells Pizza Hut to Flynn Restaurant Group". The Australian. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  66. ^ Kirk, Emma (May 16, 2024). "Fast-food chain hit with $2.5m fine". MSN. Retrieved May 17, 2024.
  67. ^ Chan, Savio and Michael Zakkour. China's Super Consumers: What 1 Billion Customers Want and How to Sell it to Them. John Wiley & Sons, 2014. Online: p. 96. ISBN 1118834747, 9781118834749. – print: ISBN 978-1-118-83474-9 p. 162. ("The Great Pizza Wars: In China, Everything Is Possible, but Nothing Is Easy", start p. 96, in Chapter 12: The China Market + The China Global Demographic = China's Super Consumers)
  68. ^ "Pizza Hut Express enters China market" (Archive). Shenzhen Daily. March 3, 2008. Retrieved on May 26, 2015.
  69. ^ "Pizza Hut accelerates expansion in China" (Archive). Xinhua at China Daily. February 14, 2005. Retrieved on May 26, 2015.
  70. ^ "Yum! Brands, Annual Report 2015" (PDF). yum.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 28, 2018. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
  71. ^ "Our Brands | KFC". Yum China. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
  72. ^ Chan, Savio; Zakkour, Michael (September 3, 2014). China's Super Consumers: What 1 Billion Customers Want and How to Sell it to Them. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118905906 – via Google Books.
  73. ^ "Pizza Hut officially opens in Ethiopia". Addis Standard. April 10, 2018. Archived from the original on January 2, 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2023.
  74. ^ a b c Waters, Laura (March 4, 2016). "The evolution of New Zealand's pizza industry". Stuff. Archived from the original on August 23, 2024. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
  75. ^ a b c Rees-Own, Rose (February 15, 2016). "Last red-roofed restaurant to close as Pizza Hut moves to takeaways". Stuff. Archived from the original on August 29, 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
  76. ^ "Pizza Hut to bring back all-you-can-eat buffet for 50th bday". 1 News. September 16, 2024. Archived from the original on September 25, 2024. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
  77. ^ "Pizza Hut Pakistan". pizzahut.com.pk. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  78. ^ "Pizza Hut Pakistan enters into expansion mode". The Express Tribune. December 17, 2017. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  79. ^ "Pizza Hut Pakistan". pizzahut.com.pk. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  80. ^ "Pizza Hut Korea introduces pizza serving robot". Yonhap News. August 8, 2018.
  81. ^ "About Us Pizza Hut UK". pizzahut.co.uk. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  82. ^ Houghton, Amy (November 28, 2023). "Beyond Meat pepperoni is now available on Pizza Hut pizzas across the UK". Time Out United Kingdom. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  83. ^ "Pizza Hut Says 'Nyet' To Moscow". CBS News. October 28, 1998. Archived from the original on March 17, 2017.
  84. ^ "U.S. restaurant chains, beverage brands halt business in Russia in response to Ukraine invasion". Dallas News. March 8, 2022. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
  85. ^ "Дерзкий "ПиццаН": как в "Индиго" придумали ребрендинг Pizza Hut в России". sostav.ru. November 18, 2022. Archived from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  86. ^ "Pizza Hut cierra operaciones en Panamá". La Prensa Panamá (in Spanish). December 27, 2022. Archived from the original on December 27, 2022. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
  87. ^ Putt-Putt to the Pizza Hut. February 24, 2008. Archived from the original (YouTube) on October 30, 2021. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  88. ^ "Background on the Pizza Hut Commercial". JR Central. February 28, 2008. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  89. ^ a b c "Feature: A Look at Recent Fast Food Slogan Changes". Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
  90. ^ Alexander, Kevin (May 26, 2014). "The 15 greatest fast-food slogans of all time". Thrillist. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
  91. ^ Preston, Ivan L. (August 1, 1996). The Great American Blow-Up: Puffery in Advertising and Selling. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 9780299152536 – via Google Books.
  92. ^ "Pizza Hut Is Going Back To Its Roots And Bringing The Old Logo Back". June 29, 2019. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
  93. ^ Pizza Hut commercial with Back to the Future theme. February 11, 2008. Archived from the original (YouTube) on October 30, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  94. ^ Rothkopf, Joanna. "Watch Young Donald Trump Eat Pizza And Joke About Divorce". Jezebel. Archived from the original on April 21, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  95. ^ "1995 Pizza Hut commercial with Ringo Starr". The Monkees Live Almanac.
  96. ^ "Ringo Starr appears in Pizza Hut commercial with three Monkees 20 years ago today (June 29 1995)". June 29, 2015. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  97. ^ "No Pizza Hut, Tower Records Or KFC In Crazy Taxi". siliconera. June 21, 2010. Archived from the original on June 25, 2010. Retrieved April 29, 2010.
  98. ^ "Pizza Hut scores Super Bowl sales touchdown with mobile orders". Retail Dive. Archived from the original on September 28, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  99. ^ "NEWS: Damon Hill makes ad debut in Pizza Hut film". campaignlive.co.uk. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
  100. ^ "Aiming to be a model singer". BBC. August 17, 1999. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  101. ^ "Gareth Southgate Pizza Hut advert: Watch the England manager's classic Euro '96 paper bag penalty apology". standard.co.uk. November 30, 2016. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  102. ^ "Gorbachev's pitch for pizza released". CNN. December 23, 1997. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  103. ^ Musgrave, Paul. "Mikhail Gorbachev's Pizza Hut Thanksgiving Miracle". Archived from the original on December 1, 2019. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
  104. ^ "Pitching products in the final frontier". CNN. June 13, 2001. Archived from the original on January 5, 2010. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
  105. ^ "Pasta Hut Is The New Name For Pizza Hut". Huliq.com. April 2008. Archived from the original on October 16, 2015. Retrieved October 11, 2015.
  106. ^ "Pizza Hut renaming itself Pasta Hut for April Fool's". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on April 4, 2008. Retrieved April 2, 2008.
  107. ^ Jones, Ralph (July 10, 2021). "Did Pizza Hut Once Try to Rebrand as Pasta Hut?". Vice. Archived from the original on October 7, 2021. Retrieved October 12, 2021.
  108. ^ "Fulham FC signs £2m Pizza Hut sponsorship". marketingweek.com. July 5, 2001. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  109. ^ "Pizza Hut to sponsor cars in 5 NASCAR races". pizzamarketplace.com. April 21, 2005. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  110. ^ "Pizza Hut Pulls Its Slice Out of Pizza Hut Park". Dallas Observer. December 21, 2011. Archived from the original on July 13, 2018. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  111. ^ "Pizza Hut serves up Dallas sports partnership – Sports Sponsorship news – BasketballIce Hockey North America". SportsPro Media. October 2, 2015. Archived from the original on October 5, 2015. Retrieved October 11, 2015.
  112. ^ "PIZZA HUT®, NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE® SCORE FOR FANS AND PIZZA LOVERS BY ANNOUNCING NEW OFFICIAL PIZZA SPONSORSHIP OF THE NFL". PizzaHut.com (Press release). February 28, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  113. ^ "PIZZA HUT, NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE SCORE FOR FANS AND PIZZA LOVERS BY ANNOUNCING NEW OFFICIAL PIZZA SPONSORSHIP OF THE NFL". NFLCommunications.com (Press release). February 28, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  114. ^ Pavey, James (June 11, 2021). "Pizza Hut confirms two round sponsorship deal with BJR". Supercars Championship. Archived from the original on March 2, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  115. ^ "Pizza confirms deal with the Supercars Championship". Speedcafe.com. March 2, 2022. Archived from the original on March 2, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  116. ^ "Achieving Pizza Mind Through Books". Los Angeles Times. November 15, 1985. Archived from the original on June 28, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  117. ^ "Pizza Hut Newsroom: Pizza Hut® Book It!® Literacy Program Launches Website To 'Spark Your Greatness' Through Summer Reading". Pizzahut.com. June 26, 2013. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
  118. ^ "I Met The Founder of Book It! And Here's How It Started". nickgray.net. March 28, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  119. ^ a b Flora, S. R., & Flora, D. B. (1999). Effects of extrinsic reinforcement for reading during childhood on reported reading habits of college students. Psychological Record, 49, 3–14.
  120. ^ "Pizza for Reading: Pizza Hut's "Book It!"". Mental Floss. June 26, 2015. Archived from the original on December 30, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
  121. ^ "Fast food salt levels 'shocking'". BBC News. October 18, 2007. Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
  122. ^ "Pizza Hut FSA Commitments 2010/2011" (PDF). Food Standards Agency. Archived from the original on October 19, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  123. ^ "Case 1:14-cv-01865-MSK, Collective Action Complaint" (PDF). Paul McInnes LLP. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
  124. ^ "Capital Pizza Huts, Incorporated et al v. Linkovich, No. 6:2015cv03443 – Document 20 (W.D. Mo. 2015)". Justisa. Archived from the original on January 3, 2017. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  125. ^ "Our Successes Include". Weinhaus & Potashnick, Attorneys at Law. Archived from the original on December 25, 2016. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  126. ^ "Slice of Life: The American Dream. In Former Pizza Huts". Movie Archer. Retrieved November 7, 2024.

Further reading

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Fast food in North America.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pizza Hut.
Retrieved from "https://wiki.riteme.site/w/index.php?title=Pizza_Hut&oldid=1257496782"