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Methanosarcinaceae

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Phase-contrast photo of Methanosarcina barkeri, type strain MST

Methanosarcinaceae
Scientific classification
Domain:
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Methanosarcinaceae

Balch and Wolfe 1981
Genera

In taxonomy, the Methanosarcinaceae are a family of the Methanosarcinales.[1]

Phylogeny

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The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[1]

16S rRNA-based LTP_01_2022[3][4][5] 53 marker proteins based GTDB 07-RS207[6][7][8]

Methanohalobium Zhilina & Zavarzin 1988

Methanosalsum Boone and Baker 2002

Methanococcoides Sowers and Ferry 1985

Methanohalophilus Paterek and Smith 1988

Methanomethylovorans Lomans et al. 2004

Methanolobus König and Stetter 1983

Methanimicrococcus Sprenger et al. 2000

Methanosarcina Kluyver and van Niel 1936

Biochemistry

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A notable trait of Methanosarcinaceae is that they are methanogens that incorporate the unusual amino acid pyrrolysine into their enzymes.[9] The enzyme monomethylamine methyltransferase catalyzes the reaction of monomethylamine to methane. This enzyme includes pyrrolysine. The unusual amino acid is inserted using a unique tRNA, the anticodon of which is UAG. In most organisms, and in most Methanosarcinaceae proteins, UAG is a stop codon. However in this enzyme, and anywhere else pyrrolysine is incorporated, likely through contextual markers on the mRNA, the pyrrolysine-loaded tRNA is inserted instead of the release factor. They also have a unique aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to specifically load this tRNA with pyrrolysine. This unique adaptation is still the subject of significant study.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Sayers; et al. "Methanosarcinaceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
  2. ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Methanosarcinaceae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2021-11-17.
  3. ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  4. ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  5. ^ "LTP_01_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  6. ^ "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  7. ^ "ar53_r207.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  8. ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  9. ^ Lehninger A, Nelson D, Cox M. Lehninger principles of biochemistry. 6th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman; 2013 p. 1124-1126.

Further reading

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Scientific journals

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Scientific books

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