Grylloblatta
| Grylloblatta | |
|---|---|
| |
| Grylloblatta campodeiformis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Grylloblattodea |
| Family: | Grylloblattidae |
| Genus: | Grylloblatta Walker, 1914 |
| Species | |
|
15 species | |
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Grylloblatta is a genus of insects in the family Grylloblattidae. It contains 15 species, including Grylloblatta chirurgica, almost exclusively from high-altitude and high-latitude regions of the United States and Canada, living in ice caves and glaciers.[1]
The genus was first described by Edmund Walker in 1914, based on a single species, Grylloblatta campodeiformis.[2]
Species
[edit]These 15 species belong to the genus Grylloblatta:
- Grylloblatta barberi Caudell, 1924 i c g
- Grylloblatta bifratrilecta Gurney, 1953 i c g b
- Grylloblatta campodeiformis E. M. Walker, 1914 i c g b (northern rock crawler)
- Grylloblatta chandleri Kamp, 1963 i c g
- Grylloblatta chintimini Marshall & Lytle, 2015 i c g b
- Grylloblatta chirurgica Gurney, 1961 i c g b (Mount St Helens' grylloblattid)
- Grylloblatta gurneyi Kamp, 1963 i c g
- Grylloblatta marmoreus Schoville, 2012 i c g
- Grylloblatta newberryensis Marshall and Lytle, 2015 i c g
- Grylloblatta oregonensis Schoville, 2012 i c g
- Grylloblatta rothi Gurney, 1953 i c g
- Grylloblatta scudderi Kamp, 1979 i c g
- Grylloblatta sculleni Gurney, 1937 i c g
- Grylloblatta siskiyouensis Schoville, 2012 i c g
- Grylloblatta washoa Gurney, 1961 i c g
Data sources: i = ITIS,[3] c = Catalogue of Life,[4] g = GBIF,[5] b = Bugguide.net[6]
Novel species
[edit]Based on genetic studies and other evidence, Schoville (2013) identifies the following as potential new species.[7]
- Grylloblatta sp. "South Ice Cave" – Deschutes County
- Grylloblatta sp. "Glacier Peak"
- Grylloblatta sp. "Mount Rainier"
- Grylloblatta sp. "Sawyer's Ice Cave 1" – Linn County and Yakima County
- Grylloblatta sp. "Sawyer's Ice Cave 2" – Linn County
- Grylloblatta sp. "Trout Lake Caves" – Klickitat County
- Grylloblatta sp. "Central Sierra Nevada" – Sixty Lake Basin, Fresno County
- Grylloblatta sp. "Tioga Crest" – Yosemite National Park and Inyo National Forest
- Grylloblatta sp. "Graveyard Lake" – Sierra National Forest
- Grylloblatta sp. "Ostrander Lake" – Yosemite National Park
- Grylloblatta sp. "Southwest Sierra Nevada" – Sequoia National Park and environs
- Grylloblatta sp. "Lilburn cave" – Sequoia National Park
- Grylloblatta sp. "Trinity Mountains" – Shasta–Trinity National Forest
- Grylloblatta sp. nov. "Olympic Mountains" – Olympic National Forest, near The Brothers
- Grylloblatta sp. "Mount Spokane"
- Grylloblatta sp. "Polaris Peak" – Coeur d'Alene National Forest
Life cycle
[edit]Individuals have lifespans of between 6 and 10 years.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ Schoville, Sean D.; Graening, G. O. (2013). "Updated checklist of the ice-crawlers (Insecta: Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) of North America, with notes on their natural history, biogeography and conservation". Zootaxa. 3737 (4): 351–378. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25112759.
- ^ Walker, Edmund (1914). "A new species of Orthoptera, forming a new genus and family". The Canadian Entomologist. 46 (3): 93–99. doi:10.4039/ent4693-3. S2CID 85329926. Retrieved 2014-12-19.
- ^ "Grylloblatta Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
- ^ "Browse Grylloblatta". Catalogue of Life. Archived from the original on 2019-07-22. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
- ^ "Grylloblatta". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
- ^ "Grylloblatta Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
- ^ Schoville, Sean D.; Graening, G. O. (2013-11-21). "Updated checklist of the ice-crawlers (Insecta: Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) of North America, with notes on their natural history, biogeography and conservation". Zootaxa. 3737 (4). Magnolia Press: 351–378. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25112759.
- ^ Wipfler, Benjamin; Bai, Ming; Schoville, Sean; Dallai, Romano; Uchifune, Toshiki; Machida, Ryuichiro; Cui, Yingying; Beutel, Rolf G. (2014-01-20). "Ice Crawlers (Grylloblattodea) – the history of the investigation of a highly unusual group of insects". Journal of Insect Biodiversity. 2 (2): 1–25. doi:10.12976/jib/2014.2.2. ISSN 2147-7612. S2CID 84729486. Retrieved 2021-12-12.