Garudasana

Garudasana (Sanskrit: गरुडासन; IAST: Garuḍāsana) or Eagle Pose^[1] is a standing balancing asana in modern yoga as exercise. The name was used in medieval hatha yoga for a different pose.

Etymology and origins

The name comes from the Sanskrit words garuda (गरुड) meaning "eagle", and asana (आसन) meaning "posture" or "seat".^[2]

In Hindu mythology, Garuda is known as the king of birds. He is the vahana (mount) of the God Vishnu^[3] and is eager to help humanity fight against demons. The word is usually rendered into English as "eagle", though the name literally means "devourer", because Garuda was originally identified with the "all-consuming fire of the sun's rays".^[4]

The name is used for a different pose in the late 17th-century Gheranda Samhita, verse 2.37, which has the legs and thighs on the ground, and the hands on the knees.^[5]

A one-legged balancing pose named Garudasana but closer to Vrikshasana is described and illustrated in the 19th century Sritattvanidhi.^[6] The modern pose is described in Light on Yoga.^[7]

Description

Garudasana is an asymmetric position in which one leg, say the right, is crossed over the left, while the arm on the opposite side, say the left, is crossed over the right, and the palms are pressed together. Like all poses on one leg, it demands, and may help to build, balance and concentration.^[8] According to Satyananda Saraswati, the two palms pressed together resemble the eagle's beak. The gaze is directed at a fixed point in front.^[9]

Variations

A kneeling variant of the pose is Vātāyanāsana, Horse Pose.^[10]

In literature

The actress Mariel Hemingway's 2002 autobiography Finding My Balance: A Memoir with Yoga describes how she used yoga to recover balance in her life after a dysfunctional upbringing. Each chapter is titled after an asana, the last being "Eagle Pose, or Garudasana", in each case with some life lesson related to the pose. She describes it as "a balancing posture with the arms and legs intricately intertwined [that] requires some flexibility, a lot of trust, and most of all, balance". The chapter recounts how she, her husband and her daughters all came close to drowning in canoes off Kauai, Hawaii. Doing the asana now "reminds me of the unconscious balance I achieved when I began successfully working my way through the surf without fighting. I spread my toes and pull up on the calf muscle."^[11]

References

^ "Eagle Pose". Yoga Journal. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
^ Sinha, S. C. (1 June 1996). Dictionary of Philosophy. Anmol Publications. p. 18. ISBN 978-81-7041-293-9.
^ Dalal, Roshen (2010). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-14-341421-6.
^ Jordan, Michael (August 2004). Dictionary of gods and goddesses. Infobase Publishing. pp. 102–. ISBN 978-0-8160-5923-2.
^ Rai Bahadur Srisa Chandra Vasu (translator) Gheranda Samhita
^ Sjoman, Norman E. (1999) [1996]. The Yoga Tradition of the Mysore Palace (2nd ed.). Abhinav Publications. pp. 75 and plate 7, pose 39. ISBN 81-7017-389-2.
^ Iyengar 1979, pp. 97–98.
^ VanEs, Howard Allan (12 November 2002). Beginning Yoga: A Practice Manual. Letsdoyoga.com. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-9722094-0-3. Builds balance, coordination, and concentration.
^ Saraswati 2003, p. 294.
^ "Vatayanasana". Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga. Archived from the original on 4 February 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
^ Hemingway, Mariel (2004) [2002]. Finding My Balance: A Memoir with Yoga. Simon & Schuster. pp. 187–198. ISBN 978-0743264327.

Sources

Iyengar, B. K. S. (1979) [1966]. Light on Yoga: Yoga Dipika. Thorsons. ISBN 978-1855381667.
Saraswati, Swami Satyananda (2003). Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha. Nesma Books India. ISBN 978-81-86336-14-4.

External links

Instruction

[1] "Eagle Pose". Yoga Journal. Retrieved 14 February 2019.

[Sinha1996-2] Sinha, S. C. (1 June 1996). Dictionary of Philosophy. Anmol Publications. p. 18. ISBN 978-81-7041-293-9.

[3] Dalal, Roshen (2010). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-14-341421-6.

[Jordan2004-4] Jordan, Michael (August 2004). Dictionary of gods and goddesses. Infobase Publishing. pp. 102–. ISBN 978-0-8160-5923-2.

[5] Rai Bahadur Srisa Chandra Vasu (translator) Gheranda Samhita

[6] Sjoman, Norman E. (1999) [1996]. The Yoga Tradition of the Mysore Palace (2nd ed.). Abhinav Publications. pp. 75 and plate 7, pose 39. ISBN 81-7017-389-2.

[FOOTNOTEIyengar197997–98-7] Iyengar 1979, pp. 97–98.

[VanEs2002-8] VanEs, Howard Allan (12 November 2002). Beginning Yoga: A Practice Manual. Letsdoyoga.com. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-9722094-0-3. Builds balance, coordination, and concentration.

[FOOTNOTESaraswati2003294-9] Saraswati 2003, p. 294.

[10] "Vatayanasana". Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga. Archived from the original on 4 February 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2019.

[11] Hemingway, Mariel (2004) [2002]. Finding My Balance: A Memoir with Yoga. Simon & Schuster. pp. 187–198. ISBN 978-0743264327.

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v t e Hatha yoga
Subtle body	Three bodies Five sheaths Chakra Nadi Sushumna Prana
Texts (Asanas)	Ancient meditation seats Darshana Upanishad, Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa, Goraksha Sataka Gomukhasana Muktasana Padmasana Siddhasana Simhasana Sopasrayasana Sukhasana Svastikasana Virasana Ancient non-meditation Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā, Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa Dandasana Kurmasana c. 7th C. Ahirbudhnya Samhita Kukkutasana c. 10th C. Vimanarcanakalpa Mayurasana c. 11th C. Amritasiddhi, Hemachandra's Yogashastra Muktasana Shirshasana 12th C. Amaraugha 13th C. Dattatreya Yoga Shastra, Goraksha Shataka, Vasishtha Samhita, Vivekamārtaṇḍa Viparita Karani 14th C. Khecarīvidyā, Shiva Samhita, Sharngadhara-paddhati, Yogabīja, Yogatārāvalī Gorakshasana Paschimottanasana 15th C. Hatha Yoga Pradipika Baddha Konasana Dhanurasana Matsyendrasana Utkatasana 17th C. Gheranda Samhita, Hatha Ratnavali, Yogacintamani, Bahr al-Hayāt Bakasana Bhujangasana Kakasana Kraunchasana Makarasana Mandukasana Matsyasana Vajrasana Vrikshasana 18th C. Hathabhyasa-paddhati, Joga Pradipika Adho Mukha Vrikshasana 19th C. Sritattvanidhi Akarna Dhanurasana Bhairavasana Durvasasana Garudasana Halasana Navasana Pashasana Setu Bandha Sarvangasana Tittibhasana Urdhva Dhanurasana Late 1905 Yogasopana Purvacatuska 1943 Hatha Yoga: The Report of A Personal Experience
Mudras	Mahamudra Maha Bandha Jalandhara Bandha Mula Bandha Uddiyana Bandha Viparita Karani Khechari mudra Vajroli mudra
Shatkarmas	Dhauti Basti Kapalabhati Nauli Neti Trataka
Pranayama	Anuloma Bhastrika Bhramari Kumbhaka Ujjayi
Related	Modern yoga Nath Roots of Yoga Yoga Yoga as exercise Yoga using props Category:Medieval Hatha Yoga asanas