Euura viminalis
| Euura viminalis | |
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| Euura viminalis on Salix purpurea | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Suborder: | Symphyta |
| Family: | Tenthredinidae |
| Genus: | Euura |
| Species: | E. viminalis
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| Binomial name | |
| Euura viminalis | |
| Synonyms | |
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List
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Euura viminalis is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae (common sawflies). The larva feed within galls on the leaves of willows (Salix species). It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.
Description of the gall
[edit]The gall is found on the underside of a leaf of the host plant. It is egg shaped when young, becomes globular as it matures, has brown warts and is usually hairless. It can have a diameter of up to 5 mm and can have a red tinge. On the upperside of the leaf there is a brownish circular depression. The galls can be found on the leaves of osier (Salix viminalis) and purple willow (Salix purpurea).[2][3]
Distribution
[edit]This species is found in most of south and central Europe north to southern Sweden. It is common in Great Britain and Ireland.[1][3]
Inquilines and predators
[edit]Three weevils have been found living in the galls, Melanapion minimum, Archarius crux and A. salicivorus.[4] The larva of the eurytomid wasp, Eurytoma aciculata lives in the gall and kills the sawfly larvae.[5] The tortricid moth, Gypsonoma dealbana usually feeds on various parts of willow but have been found inside the gall, killing the larvae.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Liston, Andrew D.; Heibo, Erik; Prous, Marko; Vardal, Hege; Nyman, Tommi & Vikberg, Veli (2017). "North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)". Zootaxa. 4302 (1). Magnolia Press: 99–100. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4302.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
- ^ Chinery, Michael (2011). Britain's Plant Galls. Old Basing, Hampshire: WildGuides Ltd. p. 66. ISBN 978-190365743-0.
- ^ a b Redfern, Margaret; Shirley, Peter; Bloxham, Michael (2011). British Plant Galls (Second ed.). Shrewsbury: FSC Publications. pp. 282–299. ISBN 978-1-85153-284-1.
- ^ Ellis, W N. "Euura viminalis (Linnaeus, 1758)". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ Ellis, W. E. "Eurytoma aciculata Ratzeburg, 1848". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
- ^ Ellis, W. E. "Gypsonoma dealbana (Fröhlich,1828)". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Euura viminalis at Wikimedia Commons
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