Euonymus hamiltonianus
| Euonymus hamiltonianus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Fruits | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Celastrales |
| Family: | Celastraceae |
| Genus: | Euonymus |
| Species: | E. hamiltonianus
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| Binomial name | |
| Euonymus hamiltonianus | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Euonymus lanceifolius | |
Euonymus hamiltonianus, known by the common names Hamilton's spindletree,[2] Himalayan spindle,[3] and Siebold's spindle[4] is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae. It is native to Asia, where it is distributed in Afghanistan, Russia, China, Japan, Korea, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Thailand, and Myanmar.[5] This is one of the most common Euonymus species.[6] It is cultivated in gardens and landscapes in other parts of the world.
Description
[edit]In the wild, this species may grow to be a shrub of 3 meters or a tree up to 20 meters tall. The leaf blades are somewhat oval with pointed tips and measure up to 15 centimeters long. They are leathery to papery in texture with rough surfaces and slightly wavy edges. The inflorescence is a cymose cluster of several white flowers, each nearly a centimeter wide. The brown, yellowish, or reddish fruit capsule splits into four sections holding brown seeds with orange arils.[6]
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Euonymus hamiltonianus trees -
Detail of flowers -
Leaves are ovate to elliptic -
Trunk of Euonymus hamiltonianus -
'Winter Glory' cultivar
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Taxonomy
[edit]This species includes several varieties which some authorities maintain as separate species,[7] E. yedoensis.[5]
Cultivation
[edit]Like some other spindles, this plant is cultivated as an ornamental for its fall foliage, which can be many bright shades of red, pink, and yellow. The fruits and large seeds are also considered attractive. Cultivars include 'Coral Charm', which has light pink fruit capsules containing seeds with red arils, and 'Red Elf', a shrubbier breed with dark pink fruits and seeds with orange-red arils.[8]
Uses
[edit]A number of novel chemical compounds have been isolated from this plant, including the coumarins euonidiol and euoniside[9] and several triterpenes.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ "ITIS Standard Report Page: Euonymus bungeanum". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Euonymus hamiltonianus". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
- ^ , iNaturalist
- ^ a b "Euonymus hamiltonianus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
- ^ a b Euonymus hamiltonianus. Flora of China.
- ^ Schulz, B. (2006). Studies of fruit and seed characters of selected Euonymus species. Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine International Dendrology Society.
- ^ Buchan, U. In focus: Euonymus. The Daily Telegraph. September 22, 2001.
- ^ Tantray, M. A., et al. (2008). Two new coumarins from Euonymus hamiltonianus. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 44(1) 10-12.
- ^ Tantray, M. A., et al. (2009). Glutinane triterpenes from the stem bark of Euonymus hamiltonianus. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 45(3) 377-80.