Eudaniela
| Eudaniela | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Brachyura |
| Family: | Pseudothelphusidae |
| Subfamily: | Kingsleyinae |
| Genus: | Eudaniela Pretzmann, 1971 |
Eudaniela is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]- Kingdom - Animalia
- Phylum - Arthropoda
- Class - Crustacea
- Order - Decapoda
- Family - Pseudothelphusidae[2]
Location
[edit]Eudaniela can be found are found along the Andean and Coastal Cordillera of Venezuela and in the highlands of Isla Margarita, Trinidad and Tobago.[3] The Eudaniela species live in freshwater streams and rivers at a high altitude above sea level.[4]
On Tobago, the Eudaniela Garmani crab constructs burrows or hides in naturally occurring crevices near fast-flowing streams. Owing to the nature of the terrain surrounding these streams, the Eudaniela Garmani crabs are less likely to be observed creating their own burrows.[5]
Biology
[edit]Eudaniela has been recorded to reach sexual maturity at a large size and also at a relatively old age. The female reaches its sexual maturity at about three years of age.[4] There is not enough data or information known to determine if the Eudaniela is in threat of being an endangered species.[4]
Eudaniela shell colour has been observed to change with increasing size, with smaller Eudaniela (<25 mm Carapace Width (CW)) being dark brown and larger Eudaniela (>50mm CW) being chestnut brown.[4]
Diet
[edit]Eudaniela have a distinctive stance when catching prey, adopting a sit and wait strategy. Using the tips of two of their legs supporting them in the water, they used the other two legs to gently sweep back and forth. When prey is detected a pouncing action was observed.[5]
Eudaniela has been reported as being one of the very few examples of invertebrates preying on vertebrates. Several sightings (albeit not active predation) of Eudaniela feeding on snakes have been recorded. Additionally, it was observed that the Eudaniela prefer to dexterously skin the snakes using their pincers prior to consumption [5]
It has been postulated that within the Tobago ecosystem the Eudaniela is the apex predator, with no evident predation by other organisms noted.[5]
Species
[edit]- Eudaniela casanarensis (Campos, 2001)
- Eudaniela pestai (Pretzmann, 1965)
- Eudaniela Garmani (Maitland, 2003)
References
[edit]- ^ P. Davie (2010). "Eudaniela Pretzmann, 1971". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
- ^ "Eudaniela casanarensis". © International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^ Sternberg, R. von; Galindo, L. A.; González, E. M. (1999). "Cladistic analysis of the Eudaniela species complex (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae)". Hydrobiologia. 416: 139–147. doi:10.1023/A:1003863403912.
- ^ a b c d Rostant, Luke Victor; Alkins-Koo, Mary; Maitland, David P. (2008). "Growth and maturity in the manicou crab Eudaniela garmani (Brachyura: Pseudothelphusidae) from Trinidad, West Indies". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 28 (3): 485–493. doi:10.1651/07-2913R.1. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^ a b c d Maitland, David P. (February 2003). "PREDATION ON SNAKES BY THE FRESHWATER LAND CRAB EUDANIELA GARMANI". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 23 (1): 241–246. doi:10.1651/0278-0372(2003)023[0241:POSBTF]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0278-0372.
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