Elsey Station
Elsey Station is a pastoral lease that once operated as a cattle station in the Northern Territory of Australia. Its traditional owners are the Mangarrayi people whose right were upheld by the Elsey Land Claim which was granted in 1997. The property is owned by the Mangarrayi Aboriginal Land Trust.[1]
The Station is situated about 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Mataranka and 68 kilometres (42 mi) north of Larrimah and the Roper River and many of its tributary creeks run through the property. The land is about 10% flood plain, 15% black soil country, 60% red sandy country and 15% ridge country. It occupies an area of 5,334 square kilometres (2,059 sq mi), of which 2,200 square kilometres (849 sq mi) is fenced. In 2001 Elsey had a herd of about 7,000 cattle grazing on its pastures.[2]
History
[edit]The station is named after Elsey Creek that runs through the property. Elsey creek was named after Joseph Ravenscroft Elsey, the surgeon who travelled with the Augustus Charles Gregory expedition from Victoria River to Queensland via the Roper River.[3]
The lease was taken up by Abraham Wallace in 1879, and he embarked on a trek from his other station, Sturts Meadow in outback New South Wales, in January 1880. Wallace headed north and arrived in Longreach, some 750 miles (1,207 km) from Sturts Meadow, where he bought 2,728 head of cattle and continued his journey, eventually arriving in Elsey in July 1881 after covering a distance of about 2,000 miles (3,219 km). The property was later named Elsey Station and Wallace left the next day to return to Sturts Meadows.[4]
On 15 July 1882 Duncan Campbell, Elsey Station's head stockman, was fatally speared; reprisals for this murder resulted in the Red Lilly Lagoon Massacre, which led to the deaths of approximately 20 Mangarayi people.[5][6]
On 27 April 1884 Abraham Wallace, who had been managing the property from Adelaide, was found with his throat cut by his own hand and the coroner found that his "mind had been unhinged" by a buggy accident six weeks before. Following his death the station was acquired by Victorian investors Osmand and Panton, who already had interested in Ord River Station, and they took over during a period where there was a limited market for cattle from the Northern Territory.[5]
The second white woman and children to arrive at Elsey Station years before Mrs Gunn were Mrs Euphemia Lydia Oakes, nee Gregory, and her two daughters who arrived in 1890 to join her husband Ernest Hassall Oakes who was the station manager for Osmand and Panton.[7][8]
On 17 January 1895 Moolooloorun, an Aboriginal man, was hanged at Crescent Lagoon on the station.[5] He had been arrested and found guilty of the murder of an unnamed Chinese man near the Roper River.[9][10]
Aeneas and Jeannie Gunn arrived at Elsey in 1902 after the death of Osmand, who had become the sole owner. Gunn was appointed by the executor and owned a quarter share in the property but died there on 16 March 1903 from blackwater fever.[11] Jeannie returned to Melbourne and in 1908 wrote the book We of the Never Never based on her time at Elsey.[12]
In 1946 the filming crew for The Overlanders arrived at the Roper River camp the Station for a month, where the river crossing sequence was shot.[13][failed verification]
The station was put up for auction by the owners, Elsey Downs Ltd., in 1951 and was advertised as covering an area of 2,250,000 acres (910,543 ha) and stocked with 26,000 head of cattle.[14] The auctioneer tried to open the bidding at £200,000 but could only attract a bid of £140,000 from an agent acting on behalf of a Victorian syndicate, who assured that all historic landmarks on the property would be preserved.[15]
During the 1960s, Brahman cattle were introduced to the property, which coincided with the appearance of Parkinsonia weeds at Elsey. The weevil Penthobruchus germaini, a chrysomelid of the subfamily Bruchinae, was introduced as a biological control for Parkinsonia in 1995, but it is still being poisoned to prevent it spreading.[16] In February 2000, Howard government representative John Herron handed over the title deeds of the property in a formal ceremony at Elsey to the traditional owners of the area, the Mangarrayi people. The Elsey claim had taken nearly nine years to resolve.[17]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Elsey land claim No. 132 : report and recommendation of the Aboriginal Land Commissioner, Justice Gray, to the Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs and to the Administrator of the Northern Territory". Trove. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
- ^ "Fire management on Elsey Station" (PDF). Tropical Savannas CRC. 28 February 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ^ "The Elsey Station". The Register. Adelaide. 3 March 1925. p. 12. Retrieved 20 June 2013 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Mt Wilson & Mt Irvine Historical Society- Historical Papers" (PDF). June 2003. Retrieved 19 June 2013.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c Forest, Peter (1990). "They of the Never Never". Territory Stories. Darwin: Northern Territory Library Service. hdl:10070/718188. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "Red Lilly Lagoon Massacre". Colonial Frontier Massacres in Australia, 1788-1930. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "About people". Border Morning Mail. Vol. XLVI, no. 13636. New South Wales, Australia. 2 May 1949. p. 2. Retrieved 27 June 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Euphemia Lydia Oakes, Women in the world, The Australian Womans Mirror, 19 Sep 1933
- ^ "Fannie Bay Gaol". Northern Territory Police Museum and Historical Society. 26 September 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "Execution in the Northern Territory". Adelaide Observer. Vol. LII, no. 2, 783. South Australia. 2 February 1895. p. 11. Retrieved 6 March 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Elsey Station NT". Flinders Ranges Research. 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ^ Rutledge, Martha (2000). "Jeannie Gunn (1870–1961)". Gunn, Jeannie (1870–1961). Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ^ ""Overlanders" film unit returns". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales. 5 September 1945. p. 5. Retrieved 20 August 2012 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Elsey Station To Be Auctioned". Morning Bulletin. Rockhampton, Queensland. 25 July 1951. p. 4. Retrieved 20 June 2013 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Elsey Station up for Auction". The Northern Standard. Darwin, NT. 27 July 1951. p. 1. Retrieved 20 June 2013 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Case studies – Community Initiatives" (PDF). weeds.org.au. 6 November 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
- ^ Alan Ramsey (2011). The Way They Were; The View from the Hill of the 25 Years That Remade Australia. UNSW press. ISBN 978-1742240220.