Dzharacursor

Dzharacursor; Temporal range: Late Cretaceous,; upper Turonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	†Ornithomimosauria
Family:	†Ornithomimidae
Genus:	†Dzharacursor; Averianov & Sues, 2025
Species:	†D. bissektensis
Binomial name
	†Dzharacursor bissektensis; (Nesov, 1995)

Dzharacursor (meaning "Dzharakuduk runner") is a genus of ornithomimid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian age) Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan. The type and only species is Dzharacursor bissektensis, originally assigned to the genus Archaeornithomimus.

Discovery and naming

In 1995, Nesov named a new species of ornithomimosaur from the Bissekty Formation as Archaeornithomimus bissektensis, based on the holotype N 479/12457, a femur of a juvenile individual, along with other referred specimens including the metatarsals.^[1] However, in subsequent studies, the affinity of A. bissektensis was generally doubted or not mentioned.^[2]^[3]^[4]

In 2025, Averianov & Sues assigned this taxon to the new genus Dzharacursor. The new generic name combines Dzharakuduk, the name of the locality where its fossils were found, with the Latin word cursor, meaning "runner". They also referred various partial cranial and postcranial materials of several individuals discovered from the same locality for a sufficient diagnosis. These include cranial bones (a premaxilla, frontal, and quadrate), several cervical, dorsal, and caudal vertebrae, sacra, pectoral and pelvic girdles, forelimb bones (humeri, ulnae, metacarpals, phalanges, and unguals), and hindlimb bones (femora, tibiae, fibulae, metatarsals, phalanges, and unguals), most of which were described by Sues & Averianov in 2016.^[5]^[6]

Classification

In their phylogenetic analyses, Averianov & Sues (2025) recovered Dzharacursor as a basal member of the Ornithomimidae, more derived than Archaeornithomimus. Their results are displayed in the cladogram below:^[5]

	Garudimimus

	Deinocheirus

Dzharacursor

	Anserimimus

	Ornithomimus edmontonicus

Paleoecology

Dzharacursor coexisted in the Bissekty Formation environment with other theropods, including the carcharodontosaurian Ulughbegsaurus, the tyrannosauroid Timurlengia, and the dromaeosaurid Itemirus.^[7]

References

^ Nesov, L. A. (1995). "Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii". Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust. St Petersburg State University: 1–156.
^ Lee, Y.-N.; Barsbold, R.; Currie, P. J.; Kobayashi, Y.; Lee, H.-J.; Godefroit, P.; Escuillié, F.; Chinzorig, T. (2014). "Resolving the long-standing enigmas of a giant ornithomimosaur Deinocheirus mirificus". Nature. 515 (7526): 257–260. Bibcode:2014Natur.515..257L. doi:10.1038/nature13874. PMID 25337880. S2CID 2986017.
^ Watanabe, A.; Gold, M. E. L. G.; Brusatte, S. L.; Benson, R. B. J.; Choiniere, J.; Davidson, A.; Norell, M. A. (2015). "Vertebral Pneumaticity in the Ornithomimosaur Archaeornithomimus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Revealed by Computed Tomography Imaging and Reappraisal of Axial Pneumaticity in Ornithomimosauria". PLOS ONE. 10 (12): e0145168. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1045168W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145168. PMC 4684312. PMID 26682888.
^ Hartman, S.; Mortimer, M.; Wahl, W. R.; Lomax, D. R.; Lippincott, J.; Lovelace, D. M. (2019). "A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight". PeerJ. 7: e7247. doi:10.7717/peerj.7247. PMC 6626525. PMID 31333906.
^ ^a ^b Averianov, A. O.; Sues, H.-D. (2025). "A new ornithomimid theropod from the Upper Cretaceous Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2433759. doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2433759.
^ Sues, Hans-Dieter; Averianov, Alexander (2016-01-01). "Ornithomimidae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan". Cretaceous Research. 57: 90–110. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.012. ISSN 0195-6671.
^ Tanaka K, Anvarov OU, Zelenitsky DK, Ahmedshaev AS, Kobayashi Y (2021). "A new carcharodontosaurian theropod dinosaur occupies apex predator niche in the early Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (9): Article ID 210923. Bibcode:2021RSOS....810923T. doi:10.1098/rsos.210923. PMC 8424376. PMID 34527277.

[Nesov-1] Nesov, L. A. (1995). "Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii". Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust. St Petersburg State University: 1–156.

[2] Lee, Y.-N.; Barsbold, R.; Currie, P. J.; Kobayashi, Y.; Lee, H.-J.; Godefroit, P.; Escuillié, F.; Chinzorig, T. (2014). "Resolving the long-standing enigmas of a giant ornithomimosaur Deinocheirus mirificus". Nature. 515 (7526): 257–260. Bibcode:2014Natur.515..257L. doi:10.1038/nature13874. PMID 25337880. S2CID 2986017.

[Watanabe2015-3] Watanabe, A.; Gold, M. E. L. G.; Brusatte, S. L.; Benson, R. B. J.; Choiniere, J.; Davidson, A.; Norell, M. A. (2015). "Vertebral Pneumaticity in the Ornithomimosaur Archaeornithomimus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Revealed by Computed Tomography Imaging and Reappraisal of Axial Pneumaticity in Ornithomimosauria". PLOS ONE. 10 (12): e0145168. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1045168W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145168. PMC 4684312. PMID 26682888.

[Hartman2019-4] Hartman, S.; Mortimer, M.; Wahl, W. R.; Lomax, D. R.; Lippincott, J.; Lovelace, D. M. (2019). "A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight". PeerJ. 7: e7247. doi:10.7717/peerj.7247. PMC 6626525. PMID 31333906.

[Dzharacursor-5] Averianov, A. O.; Sues, H.-D. (2025). "A new ornithomimid theropod from the Upper Cretaceous Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2433759. doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2433759.

[BissektyOrnithomimids-6] Sues, Hans-Dieter; Averianov, Alexander (2016-01-01). "Ornithomimidae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan". Cretaceous Research. 57: 90–110. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.012. ISSN 0195-6671.

[Tanaka-7] Tanaka K, Anvarov OU, Zelenitsky DK, Ahmedshaev AS, Kobayashi Y (2021). "A new carcharodontosaurian theropod dinosaur occupies apex predator niche in the early Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (9): Article ID 210923. Bibcode:2021RSOS....810923T. doi:10.1098/rsos.210923. PMC 8424376. PMID 34527277.

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