Draft:Spax (screw)
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Spax (stylized SPAX) is a trademark introduced in 1967 by the German screw manufacturer Altenloh, Brinck & Co (ABC) for a novel self-tapping multi-material screw. The name Spax is derived from the German word for particle board (Spanplatte) and the cross recess (×) in the screw head. Its design addressed the problems associated with the increasing use of particle board materials in furniture and drywall construction since the mid-20th century, as conventional wood screws damage the panel structure when screwed in.[1]
Design and features
[edit]
Screws of this type differ from traditional wood screws in their geometry and functionality. They have a smaller core diameter relative to their outer diameter, which reduces resistance during installation and increases thread overlap with the material. This design enhances the shear resistance and pull-out strength of the screw.[1]
A distinctive feature introduced in 1989 is the corrugated thread in the first turns of the screw tip. This design reduces friction during installation by reaming the material, allowing the main thread to follow with minimal resistance.[2] The cylindrical core, in contrast to the tapered core of conventional wood screws, helps minimize material displacement, reducing the likelihood of splitting or tearing at the insertion point. The corrugated thread also decreases the risk of loosening under dynamic loads.[3]
Variants and applications
[edit]Originally developed for particle board, Spax screws have been adapted for use with various materials such as softwood, hardwood, plastic, plasterboard and sheet metal. Depending on the application, they are equipped with different screw heads.[2][4] The drive type was initially Phillips, later succeeded by Pozidriv. In 2005, ABC introduced its proprietary T-Star plus hexalobular socket drive, which incorporates an additional recess in the screw head and a matching stubby tang on the bit for enhanced stability during assembly. A similar design is used in the Torx ttap power drive.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Sanni-Marie Bernard (22 March 2021). Sie drehen nicht durch. [They don't overrun]. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung/Jugend und Wirtschaft (in German). Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- ^ a b Steve Ettlinger, Phil Schmidt (2017). The All New Illustrated Guide to Everything Sold in Hardware Stores. Cool Springs Press, Beverly, MA. ISBN 978-1591866862, p. 21.
- ^ Maciej Sydor (2016). Innowacje w zakresie łączników gwintowych do tworzyw drzewnych. [Innovations in the field of screw connections for wood-based materials] (in Polish). In: Fastener: rynek elementów złącznych (Fastener: Market for fasteners), vol. 1. ISSN 2449-6057 pp. 35–38, here pp. 36–37.
- ^ ETA-Danmark A/S, ed. (2017). European Technical Assessment no. ETA-12/0114, issued on 2017-10-12. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024. pp. 3, 9–11.
Further reading
[edit]- ETA-Danmark A/S, ed. (2017). European Technical Assessment no. ETA-12/0114, issued on 2017-10-12.