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Saçbağı Sultan
Burial of Saçbağı Sultan, in the Mausoleum of Ibrahim I and Mustafa I in Hagia Sophia
Haseki Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
tenure19 March 1643 – 8 August 1648
PredecessorMahienver Sultan
SuccessorŞivekar Sultan
BornLeyla
c. 1629
North Caucasus, Russia
Died1694
(aged 65–66)
Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
Burial
ConsortIbrahim I
IssueŞehzade Selim
Bican Sultan
DynastyOttoman
FatherPrince Ahmet Birhan Mirza (?)
ReligionIslam (converted)

Saçbağı Sultan[1] (Ottoman Turkish: سلطان ساچباگلی‎, "beautiful as the night"; c. 1629 – 1694) was a consort and sixth Haseki Sultan of Ottoman Sultan Ibrahim I (reigned 1640–1648), and mother to their children Şehzade Selim and Bican Sultan.

Early Life

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Saçbağı Sultan was born in the North Caucasus (nowadays Russia) as Leyla around 1629.[2] She was the daughter of Prince Ahmet Birhan Mirza, of Circassian origin, and sister to Hasan Pasha and Khubyar Khatun.[3][better source needed]

She was a descendant of Mahidevran Hatun, one of the concubines of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent:[4][5] this news reached the Khan of Crimea, who ordered her kidnapping; she had her instructed until she was brought to Constantinople as a gift to Kösem Sultan, who had her introduced to her son Ibrahim.[6] According to other sources, she was kidnapped in an Ottoman raid and became a lady-in-waiting to Fatma Sultan, one of Sultan Ibrahim's sisters.

She entered the harem of Sultan Ibrahim around 1643, thanks to the help of her paternal cousin, Şekerpare Hatun, who was one of the most influential and powerful figures during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim;[7] he married her in 1643, naming her as his sixth Haseki Sultan with the name of Saçbağı.[8] In 1644 she gave birth to her first son Şehzade Selim, and in 1649 she gave birth to a daughter, Bican Sultan. Possibly, she had two more sons, but due to the loss of official registers this is uncertain.[9]

Saçbağı Sultan was not an influential wife nor politically active, and despite giving birth at least to two children, one of whom was a Şehzade and thus a potential heir to the throne, foreign ambassadors reported that she was a politically insignificant consort, concerned only with raising her children. Saçbağı had a rivalry with the mother of the heir to the throne, Turhan Sultan, first Haseki of Ibrahim and future Valide Sultan.[10]

She was gifted with the income of the Sanjak of Nicopolis and the so-called "treasury of Egypt", upon order of Sultan Ibrahim I.[11][12]

After Ibrahim's death

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Following Ibrahim's deposition and execution in 1648, Saçbağı was banished to the Old Palace located at the Beyazıt Square along with her daughter and Ibrahim's other concubines. Her son was locked up along with his half-siblings in the Altin Kafes, in the harem.

She secretly planned to put her son on the throne, but did not receive much support due to her low status; apparently she was discovered by a eunuch of Turhan Sultan, and was nearly expelled from Constantinople.[4]

When Selim was 25-years-old, he fell seriously ill in mid-September 1669 and eventually died in October. The privy purse recorded that he contracted smallpox from one of his servant, and his funeral was held on 30 October under strict measures. The burial ceremony was attended by various ambassadors who indicated that Mehmed IV (Turhan Sultan's son and monarch) was deeply affected by the death of his brother. In their letters, the ambassadors remarked on Selim's intelligence and kindness and that they regretted the loss of such a genuine person.[4]

Death

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After Selim's death she received a pension and support from the Sultan.

Saçbağı Sultan continued to stay at the Old Palace until her death in 1694 from natural causes, aged 65 or 66. She was the last of Ibrahim's consorts to die, and was buried in her husband's mausoleum in Hagia Sophia Mosque.[13]

Issue

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Saçbağı had at least two children with Sultan Ibrahim I:[14]

  • Şehzade Selim (19 March 1644 – October 1669); died due to smallpox.
  • Bican Sultan (1649 – after 1694); she was proposed to Kuloğlu Musahıp Mustafa Paşa, but he rejected her (he would later marry Mehmed IV 's daughter, Hatice Sultan, in 1675). Then she married Cerrah Kasım Paşa, in January 1666, with issue. Bican was still alive after her mother's death.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Also spelled Saçbağlı or Saç Bağı
  2. ^ Sakaoğlu; 2008; page 351
  3. ^ "Saçbağli Sultan's Family Genealogy". ottomapper.aytekustundag.com.
  4. ^ a b c SAKAOĞLU, Saim (2020-01-01). "KENDİ KALEMİNDEN SAİM SAKAOĞLU". BUGU Dil ve Egitim Dergisi. 1 (3): 325–336. doi:10.46321/bugu.36. ISSN 2717-8137.
  5. ^ "Saçbağı Sultan". jinepsgazetesi.com (in Turkish). 1 August 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
  6. ^ Sakaoğlu; 2008; page 351
  7. ^ "Saçbağı Sultan". jinepsgazetesi.com (in Turkish). 1 August 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
  8. ^ "Saçbağı Sultan". jinepsgazetesi.com (in Turkish). 1 August 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
  9. ^ Alderson, 1956, table XXXVII
  10. ^ "Saçbağı Sultan". jinepsgazetesi.com (in Turkish). 1 August 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
  11. ^ Resimli tarih mecmuasi. Iskit Yayinevi (in Turkish). 1956. p. 229.
  12. ^ Evliya Çelebi (1954). Turk Klasikleri (ed.). Erkılıç, Süleyman Cafer (in Turkish). p. 62.
  13. ^ Jianu, Angela; Barbu, Violeta (2018). Earthly delights: economies and cultures of food in Ottoman and Danubian Europe, c. 1500-1900. Balkan studies library. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-32425-1.
  14. ^ Alderson, Wroe (July 1956). "Charles Coolidge Parlin". Journal of Marketing. 21 (1): 1–2. doi:10.2307/1247694. ISSN 0022-2429. JSTOR 1247694.
Ottoman royalty
Preceded by List of Haseki Sultans
19 March 1644 – 8 August 1648
Succeeded by