Draft:Neurodynamics
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Comment: "This means that knowledge of neurodynamics vitally drives a new richness in human life", an opinion, which I can't tell what it means. Please adhere to a neutral point of view throughout the article. Utopes (talk / cont) 21:29, 5 September 2024 (UTC)
Neurodynamics
[edit]Neurodynamics refers to the time course of the electrical activity of neuronal ensembles within the body-brain system.
The nervous system can be described as a complex dynamic system consisting of interacting sub-components modelled on multiple spatiotemporal scales that support the individual's continuous feedback interaction with the environment.[1] [2]. A neural network can be defined as a set of nodes and connectors, positive and negative, with at least one node receiving from and one sending information out of the network. Each neuronal pool, a neural network node, produces intrinsic activity, which can be tested in the resting state, i.e., in the absence of execution of actions of the network to which it belongs. The resting-state activity of a node is the result of its interactions with all nodes connected at different spatiotemporal scales (small groups of the same neurons, small cortical parcels of neurons, and networks of neurons) [3]. Consequently, local neurodynamics is a descriptor of the overall connectivity of the network node that generates it [4] [5] [6].
Recording Neurodynamics
[edit]New technologies enable communication with neuronal networks allowing them to support well-being, whether invasively such as pacemakers and deep brain stimulators, or non-invasively such as transcranial magnetic or electrical stimulators (TMS, tES). This means that knowledge of neurodynamics vitally drives a new richness in human life [7]
Neurodynamics can be recorded non-invasively through electro- and magneto-encephalography (EEG and MEG) that directly senses the electrical activity of the brain, with the same proper temporal resolution of the neuronal electric exchanges. EEG/MEG detects the electrical activity resulting from the summed post-synaptic potentials generated whenever the neurotransmitter released by the pre-synaptic binds to the receptors of the post-synaptic neuron, triggering a depolarisation or polarisation of the post-synaptic membrane and therefore, respectively, an excitatory or inhibitory post-synaptic potential. The scalp EEG thus results from the ongoing continuous fluctuation of the synchronized activity of thousands of neurons in response to excitatory and inhibitory projections, detectable at scalp level as brain rhythms distributed in several frequencies and associated with specific brain functions.[5]
External links
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Rosenblatt, Frank. (1962-01-01). Principles of neurodynamics; perceptrons and the theory of brain mechanisms. Washington: Spartan Books.
- ^ Panksepp, Jaak (March 2005). "Affective consciousness: Core emotional feelings in animals and humans". Consciousness and Cognition. 14 (1): 30–80. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2004.10.004. PMID 15766890.
- ^ Tecchio, Franca; Bertoli, Massimo; Gianni, Eugenia; L'Abbate, Teresa; Paulon, Luca; Zappasodi, Filippo (2020-12-15). "To Be Is To Become. Fractal Neurodynamics of the Body-Brain Control System". Frontiers in Physiology. 11. doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.609768. ISSN 1664-042X. PMC 7770125. PMID 33384616.
- ^ Grün, Sonja; Li, Jennifer; McNaughton, Bruce; Petersen, Carl; McCormick, David; Robson, Drew; Buzsáki, György; Harris, Kenneth; Sejnowski, Terrence; Mrsic-Flogel, Thomas; Lindén, Henrik; Roland, Per E. (2022-06-01). "Emerging principles of spacetime in brains: Meeting report on spatial neurodynamics". Neuron. 110 (12): 1894–1898. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.05.018. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 35709696.
- ^ a b Armonaite, Karolina; Bertoli, Massimo; Paulon, Luca; Gianni, Eugenia; Balsi, Marco; Conti, Livio; Tecchio, Franca (2022-06-16). "Neuronal Electrical Ongoing Activity as Cortical Areas Signature: An Insight from MNI Intracerebral Recording Atlas". Cerebral Cortex. 32 (13): 2895–2906. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab389. ISSN 1047-3211. PMID 34727186.
- ^ Armonaite, Karolina; Nobili, Lino; Paulon, Luca; Balsi, Marco; Conti, Livio; Tecchio, Franca (2023-03-10). "Local neurodynamics as a signature of cortical areas: new insights from sleep". Cerebral Cortex. 33 (6): 3284–3292. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac274. ISSN 1047-3211. PMID 35858209.
- ^ Cottone, Carlo; Cancelli, Andrea; Pasqualetti, Patrizio; Porcaro, Camillo; Salustri, Carlo; Tecchio, Franca (2018-01-17). "A New, High-Efficacy, Noninvasive Transcranial Electric Stimulation Tuned to Local Neurodynamics". The Journal of Neuroscience. 38 (3): 586–594. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2521-16.2017. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 6596189. PMID 29196322.