Draft:Le 54e
| Author | Thierry Huguenin (with Lionel Duroy) |
|---|---|
| Language | French |
| Publisher | Fixot |
Publication date | 1995 |
| ISBN | 2-221-08045-9 |
| OCLC | 35948543 |
Le 54e (transl. The 54th) is a memoir by Thierry Huguenin, ghostwritten by Lionel Duroy. Huguenin was, according to his account, the only survivor of the 1994 mass murder-suicides perpetrated by the Order of the Solar Temple cult, which killed 53 people in Switzerland and Canada. It was first published by Fixot in 1995.
The book received
Background
[edit]The Order of the Solar Temple was a religious group . mass suicides and murders
Led by Joseph Di Mambro [1]
The group believed in an imminent apocalypse.[1]
On 5 October 1994, 48 members of the group died in a mass murder suicide at two locations in Switzerland, with 5 others discovered killed in Canada. Some members had their heads covered in garbage bags, with others arranged in an arc and displayed in robes. The dead included Di Mambro.[1]
Author
[edit]Thierry Huguenin
The group believed in an imminent apocalypse.[1]
He was a dentist[2]
Growing up, his father was absent, and his mother was clingy.[4]
The deaths had likely been in memory to the 54 templars burned at the stake[5], but due to Huguenin's survival it was left at only 53
A month later, he declared on French television his connection to the group and his status as the failed 54th victim. Afterwards, he was placed under protection by the police of Geneva.[6]
wife and two kids left him[5]
An interview with Yves Casgrain was also published[4]
distanced himself April 1993[1]
He spent 15 years in the group.[7] 46 in 1996[7]
The book was ghostwritten by Lionel Duroy, a journalist for L'Événement du jeudi, the first book he had written for others.[5][8] Huguenin was then under police protection; the publisher rented an apartment and Duroy interviewed Huguenin for eight days, resulting in 1000 pages of material.[8]
Summary
[edit]The book begins by recounting the
500,000 francs as long as he never revealed, but was invited to come get his money october 4
In the book, he anonymizes Michel Tabachnik, who was then widely suspected as a third leader of the group, as "the violinist".[9]
Publication
[edit]The book was published by Fixot (Bernard Fixot) in 1995.[4][8] To promote the book, Huguenin visited Quebec, which had been an OTS location with several members from the province.[10]
get other book stuff
Reception
[edit]The Swiss newspaper Le Nouveau Quotidien praised it as "instructive" when it came to showcasing the functions of the OTS, and also when it came to Huguenin's life story, but noted that "for the rest, the reader will search in vain for revelations on what really happened in Cheiry and Granges-sur-Salvan at the beginning of October 1994."[2] The French newspaper Libération compared it with the book Gentleman escroc by swindler Barry Gray, describing them both as corresponding perfectly to each other, with "a certified swindler and a certified sucker [setting] out to recount their respective adventures." Further they described it as testifying "to what a life wasted by unrivaled naivety and infinite credulity can be".[5]
Le Soleil's Anne-Marie Voisard called the book[4]
The French magazine L'Express said[1]
The Swiss newspaper L'Express
Reaction by remaining OTS members
[edit]Bonet stuff in Bedat, threatened in 1997 letter
Following the second massacre, Huguenin, in an interview with the Swiss magazine L'Illustré, accused the Fribourg police of not having taken him seriously after he received this letter. Examining magistrate Andre Piller rebutted this, arguing that they had taken his warnings seriously, presenting a report that was given to concerned police forces, and said that Bonet had been surveilled for a month. However, the dates he had presented for the second transit had not happened, and Huguenin "promised other information that he did not provide".[7]
Huguenin's later life
[edit]documentary
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Leblond, Renaud (2 August 1995). "Le miraculé du Temple solaire" [The miracle of the Solar Temple]. L'Express (in French). Paris. ISSN 0014-5270. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
- ^ a b Magnin, Manuella (20 May 1995). "Massacre du temple solaire, la thèse du complot sans mobile" [Solar Temple massacre: conspiracy theory with no motive]. Le Nouveau Quotidien (in Swiss French). No. 1022. Lausanne. p. 20. ISSN 1423-3959. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.
- ^ Fischer, Sylvie (16 December 1994). "Thierry Huguenin, le plus bavard des survivants du Temple solaire" [Thierry Huguenin, the most talkative of the Solar Temple survivors]. Le Nouveau Quotidien (in Swiss French). No. 915. Lausanne. p. 41. ISSN 1423-3959. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.
- ^ a b c d e Voisard, Anne-Marie (26 August 1996). "Le 54e" [The 54th]. Le Soleil (in Canadian French). Quebec City. p. B9. ISSN 0319-0730. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via BAnQ numérique.
- ^ a b c d Benhamou, Guy (17 June 1995). "LIVRES : Confessions du naïf et du cynique" [BOOKS: Confessions of the naive and the cynical]. Libération (in French). Paris. ISSN 0335-1793. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
- ^ "Jaurais dû être la 54 e victime" [I should have been the 54th victim]. La Liberté (in Swiss French). No. 40. Fribourg. ATS. 18 November 1994. p. 7. ISSN 1660-2293. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via e-newspaperarchives.ch.
- ^ a b c "Le juge Piller nie avoir laissé faire le massacre du Vercors" [Judge Piller denies having allowed the Vercors massacre to take place]. La Liberté (in Swiss French). No. 81. Fribourg. AP/ATS. 10 January 1996. p. 15. ISSN 1660-2293. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via e-newspaperarchives.ch.
- ^ a b c Trapier, Patrice (20 July 2009). "Lionel Duroy, d'autres vies que la sienne" [Lionel Duroy, lives other than his own]. Le Journal du Dimanche (in French). Paris. ISSN 0242-3065. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
- ^ Bouguereau, Jean-Marcel (22 March 1996). "Un journaliste francais a trouve des cassettes inédites de l'OTS à Salvan" [French journalist finds new OTS tapes in Salvan]. Le Nouveau Quotidien (in Swiss French). No. 1234. Lausanne. p. 23. ISSN 1423-3959. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.
- ^ Clément, Éric (9 June 1995). "Les membres québécois de l'OTS étaient importants au sein de la secte" [Quebec OTS members were important to the cult]. La Presse (in Canadian French). Montreal. p. A16. ISSN 0317-9249. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via BAnQ numérique.
- ^ Georges, Michèle (17 January 1996). "Le rescapé accuse" [The survivor accuses]. L'Express (in French). Paris. ISSN 0014-5270. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
- ^ Ecoffey, Roland (12 June 1995). "De la lumière aux ténèbres du Temple solaire" [From light to darkness in the Solar Temple]. Journal de Genève et Gazette de Lausanne (in Swiss French). No. 134. p. 13. ISSN 1021-1721. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.
- ^ Tschanz, Corinne (23 June 1995). "Thierry Huguenin, l'unique rescapé" [Thierry Huguenin, the sole survivor]. L'Express (in Swiss French). No. 143. Neuchâtel. p. 33. ISSN 1660-7457. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via e-newspaperarchives.ch.
- ^ Hyans, Hanna (18 January 1996). "Les victimes des sectes souffrent d'un trouble: la "dissociation"" [Victims of cults suffer from a disorder: "dissociation"]. Le Nouveau Quotidien (in Swiss French). No. 1188. Lausanne. p. 14. ISSN 1423-3959. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.
- ^ Bédat, Arnaud; Bouleau, Gilles; Nicolas, Bernard (2000). L'Ordre du Temple solaire: Les Secrets d'une manipulation (in French). Flammarion. ISBN 978-2-08-067842-3.
- ^ Clément, Fabrice (March 2003). "The Pleasure of Believing: Toward a naturalistic explanation of religious conversions". Journal of Cognition and Culture. 3 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1163/156853703321598581. ISSN 1567-7095.
- ^ Magnin, Manuella (10 January 1996). "Attaque, le juge Piller affirme avoir tout tenté pour éviter le dernier transit de l'OTS" [Attacked, Judge Piller claims to have done all he could to avoid the final transit of the OTS]. Le Nouveau Quotidien (in Swiss French). No. 1182. Lausanne. p. 16. ISSN 1423-3959. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.
- ^ Pelchat, Martin (26 March 1997). "Thierry Huguenin vit dans la crainte de la vengeance de l'OTS" [Thierry Huguenin lives in fear of OTS revenge]. La Presse (in Canadian French). No. 154. Montreal. p. B1. ISSN 0317-9249. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via BAnQ numérique.
- ^ "Avant de mourir, les voyageurs pour Syrius ont laissé une lettre à la postérité" [Before they died, the travelers to Syrius left a letter for posterity]. Le Nouveau Quotidien (in Swiss French). No. 1488. Lausanne. ATS/AFP/Reuters. 26 March 1997. p. 19. ISSN 1423-3959. Retrieved 14 July 2024 – via Le Temps Archives.