Alejandro Pidal y Mon

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Pidal and the second or maternal family name is Mon.

Alejandro Pidal
Pidal in 1912, painted by Luis Menéndez Pidal
Minister of Development
In office 18 January 1884 – 27 November 1885
Preceded by	Ángel Carvajal y Fernández de Córdoba
Succeeded by	Eugenio Montero Ríos
President of the Congress of Deputies
In office 3 March 1891 – 5 January 1893
Preceded by	Manuel Alonso Martínez
Succeeded by	Antonio Aguilar y Correa
In office 12 May 1896 – 26 February 1898
Preceded by	Antonio Aguilar y Correa
Succeeded by	Antonio Aguilar y Correa
In office 3 June 1899 – 18 October 1900
Preceded by	Antonio Aguilar y Correa
Succeeded by	Raimundo Fernández-Villaverde
Ambassador to the Holy See
In office 5 November 1900 – 18 January 1902
Preceded by	Rafael Carlos Merry del Val
Succeeded by	José Gutiérrez de Agüera
Director of the Real Academia Española
In office 22 November 1906 – 19 October 1913
Preceded by	Juan de la Pezuela y Cevallos
Succeeded by	Antonio Maura
Seat V of the Real Academia Española
In office 29 April 1883 – 19 October 1913
Preceded by	Joaquín Ignacio Mencos
Succeeded by	Miguel Echegaray
Personal details
Born	Alejandro Pidal y Mon (1846-08-26)26 August 1846 Madrid, Spain
Died	19 October 1913(1913-10-19) (aged 67) Madrid, Spain

Alejandro Pidal y Mon (Madrid, 26 August 1846 – Madrid, 19 October 1913) was a Spanish statesman and President of the Congress of Deputies of Spain during 5 non-consecutive years.

Biography

He was the second son of Asturian politician Pedro José Pidal and Manuela Mon y Menéndez, sister of Prime Minister Alejandro Mon y Menéndez. His elder brother was Luis Pidal y Mon, also a politician and academic.

He graduated from the San Isidro Institute and the Law School of the Central University of Madrid. He joined a group of Neo-Catholics and, together with a number of like-minded people, founded the weekly magazine La Cruzada in 1867.

In August 1872, he was elected to the Congress of Deputies for the first time. He was actively involved in legislative work on issues of the Catholic Church and the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico. He was not elected to the Constituent Assembly of the First Spanish Republic, but in 1876 he became a deputy again after the Restoration of the Bourbon dynasty. From that moment until the end of his life, he was re-elected in a total of fifteen elections, adhering to conservative Catholic views.

In 1881, he was one of the founders of the "Catholic Union", which sought to unite all Catholics in Spain, including Carlists. At the end of the year, in Rome, he met with Pope Leo XIII and then with King Alfonso XII, who were interested in attracting Spanish Catholics to their policies.

In 1883, he was elected a full member of the Spanish Royal Academy.

In 1884–1885 he was appointed Minister of Development. He paid special attention to education issues, signed a resolution directed against the reformist aspirations of university representatives, and also initiated the expansion of the public works system and the construction of a railway through the Puerto de Pajares.

In April 1891 he was elected President of the Congress of Deputies. He held the presidency until 12 December 1892. He would be president for a second time from 12 May 1896 to 1 July 1897, and for a third time from 3 June 1899 to 3 April 1900. On 5 November of that same year he was appointed Spanish Ambassador to the Holy See. On 18 January 1902, he resigned as ambassador in response to the draft amendment to change the Concordat, promoted by the Sagasta government, and returned to Madrid.

In 1906, despite attacks from a number of media outlets, he was appointed director of the Royal Spanish Academy. He was the author of two major monographs, on Thomas Aquinas and "The Triumph of the Jesuits in France" (1880). He was also a member of the Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation and of the Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences.

He received the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Order of St. Gregory the Great, as well as numerous national and foreign decorations.
Alejandro Pidal y Mon died on 19 October 1913 in Madrid, and was buried in Covadonga in Asturias.

Marriage and children

In 1868 he married Ignacia Bernaldo de Quirós y González-Cienfuegos, daughter of the Marquis of Camposagrado, with whom he would have fifteen children, of whom thirteen survived, including :

• Pedro Pidal, 1st Marquess of Villaviciosa de Asturias (1870–1941).