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Ot Danum language

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Ot Danum
Dohoi
Native toIndonesia
RegionKalimantan
EthnicityOt Danum people
Native speakers
79,000 (2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3otd
Glottologotda1235

Ot Danum is a Barito language of the central Borneo, Indonesia, spoken by the Ot Danum people. Dialects include Cihie and Dohoi.[2]

Phonology

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Consonants

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Labial Alveolar (Alveolo-)
palatal
Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate
voiceless p t t͡ɕ k
voiced b d d͡ʑ g
Fricative β (s) ɕ h
Rhotic trill r
tap ɾ
Approximant j
  • /ɕ/ may also be heard as [s] in free variation. In word-final position, it can be approximantized as [ɕ̞].
  • /ɾ/ can be heard as [l] in word-final position.
  • Prenasalization is said to also occur among voiced stops /b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ/ in word-initial and intervocalic positions as [ᵐb, ⁿd, ᶮd͡ʑ, ᵑɡ].
  • Stop sounds /p, t, k/ in word-final position are heard as unreleased [p̚, t̚, k̚].
  • /h/ is heard as labialized [hʷ] when occurring anywhere within the position of /u/, and heard as a fronted velar [x̟] when occurring in the position of /i/.

Consonant fronting

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Consonant fronting as well as laminalizing occurs among the following consonants when anywhere within the position of /i/. The allophones are heard as following:

Phoneme Allophone
/t/ []
/d/ [ⁿ̪d̪], []
/n/ []
/r/ []
/ɾ/ [ɾ̪]
/nd/ [n̪d̪]
/t͡ɕ/ [t͡ɕ̻]
/d͡ʑ/ [ᶮ̻d͡ʑ̻], [d͡ʑ̻]
/ɕ/ [ɕ̻]
/ɲ/ [ɲ̻]
/j/ []
/k/ []
/ɡ/ [ᵑ̟ɡ̟], [ɡ̟]
/ŋ/ [ŋ̟]
/h/ []

Vowels

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Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e o
Open a
  • /a/ can also be heard as [ɐ] in free variation.
  • /i, u/ are heard as [ɪ, ʊ] when preceding a vowel.[3]

References

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  1. ^ Ot Danum at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Bamba, John (ed.) (2008). Mozaik Dayak keberagaman subsuku dan bahasa Dayak di Kalimantan Barat. Pontianak: Institut Dayakologi. ISBN 978-979-97788-5-7.
  3. ^ Inagaki, Kazuya (2005). Phonemic sketch of Dohoi/Kadorih. Kyoto University Linguistic Research 24: Kyoto University Research Information Repository. pp. 15–43.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)