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Discography of Nielsen symphony cycles

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Carl Nielsen (left) composed six symphonies from 1892–1925. In 1974, the conductor Herbert Blomstedt (right) and the Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra completed one of the first recorded Nielsen cycles.

The Danish composer Carl Nielsen (1865–1931) was one of the most important symphonists of the early twentieth century: his six symphonies, written between 1892 and 1925, are the core of his oeuvre. Many of classical music's conductor–orchestra partnerships have recorded the complete set, colloquially known as the "Nielsen cycle". Specifically, the standard cycle includes:

As of as of November 2024, the Nielsen cycle been recorded 22 times. The most recently completed cycle, finished in 2022, is by Fabio Luisi and the Danish National Symphony Orchestra; an additional projected twenty-third cycle is in progress, according to press releases. Two conductors have tackled the project more than once: Herbert Blomstedt (1974, 1989) and Michael Schønwandt (2000, 2000) recorded the Nielsen cycle two times.

Complete Nielsen cycles: 1974–present

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Complete cycles

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Complete Nielsen cycles: 1974–present
No. Conductor Orchestra Years[a] Symphony runtime[b] Recording venue Label Ref.
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Ole Schmidt London Symphony Orchestra (1) 1973–1974 34:34 31:55 38:26 34:02 35:43 35:02 Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate Unicorn, Regis [1]
2 Herbert Blomstedt (1) Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra (1) 1973–1974 35:52 33:46 35:58 34:09 35:35 35:12 Danish Radio Concert Hall (old) EMI Classics, Warner Classics [2]
3 Paavo Berglund Royal Danish Orchestra 1987–1989 31:28 32:12 35:23 33:11 36:35 32:41 Odd Fellows Hall RCA Red Seal [3]
4 Herbert Blomstedt (2) San Francisco Symphony 1987–1989 32:57 32:21 35:23 36:13 35:34 34:01 Davies Symphony Hall Decca [4][5]
5 Esa-Pekka Salonen Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra 1986–1990 32:21 32:27 37:57 36:07 36:52 32:19 Berwald Hall CBS Masterworks, Sony Classical [6][7][8][9][10]
6 Bryden Thomson Royal Scottish National Orchestra 1989–1991 32:10 30:15 36:18 35:41 35:02 33:48 Henry Wood Hall, Glasgow (1–2)
Glasgow City Halls (3, 5)
Caird Hall (4, 6) 		Chandos [11]
7 Neeme Järvi Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra 1990–1992 30:20 32:38 37:43 33:56 33:54 32:26 Gothenburg Concert Hall Deutsche Grammophon [12]
8 Gennady Rozhdestvensky Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra (1) 1992–1994 37:01 35:32 42:02 37:04 36:45 34:52 Stockholm Concert Hall Chandos [13]
9 Adrian Leaper National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland 1992–1994 33:08 32:23 35:51 36:28 37:04 34:25 National Concert Hall Naxos [14][15][16]
10 Edward Serov [ru] Odense Symphony Orchestra 1992–1995 36:08 ? 37:47 36:24 35:41 35:51 [Unknown][c] Kontrapunkt [17][18][19][20][21][22]
11 Michael Schønwandt (1) Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra (2) 1999–2000 34:00 33:55 37:16 36:28 38:21 34:34 Danish Radio Concert Hall (old) Dacapo, Naxos [23][24][25]
12 Michael Schønwandt (2) Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra (3) 2000–2000 33:30 34:45 37:55 35:59 37:39 36:50 Danish Radio Concert Hall (old) Dacapo [26]
13 Jukka-Pekka Saraste Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra 1997–2001 31:06 32:10 36:22 36:37 34:48 31:37 Sibelius Hall (1–2)
Kulttuuritalo (3–6) 		Finlandia [27][28][29]
14 Douglas Bostock Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra 1999–2001 31:21 31:19 35:40 34:45 33:11 33:33 Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool Classico [30][31][32][33]
15 Osmo Vänskä BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra 1999–2002 35:45 33:41 36:14 35:31 36:40 33:44 Glasgow City Halls BIS [34][35][36]
16 Theodore Kuchar Janáček Philharmonic Orchestra 2005–2005 33:11 32:06 36:49 34:00 34:40 34:48 Janáček Hall, Ostrava Cultural Centre [cs] Brilliant Classics [37]
17 Sir Colin Davis London Symphony Orchestra (2) 2009–2011 33:20 31:54 34:41 31:21 35:17 34:51 Barbican Centre LSO Live[d] [38]
18 Paavo Järvi Frankfurt Radio Symphony 2009–2013 33:59 33:39 37:19 35:00 37:03 33:16 Friedrich-von-Thiersch-Saal, Wiesbaden Kurhaus (1)
Großer Saal, Alte Oper (2–6) 		RCA Red Seal [39]
19 Sakari Oramo Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra (2) 2012–2014 33:50 31:21 37:48 35:15 33:50 32:32 Stockholm Concert Hall BIS [40][41][42]
20 Alan Gilbert New York Philharmonic 2011–2014 33:18 35:08 37:15 35:57 36:57 34:28 Avery Fisher Hall Dacapo [43][44][45]
21 John Storgårds BBC Philharmonic 2012–2015 33:20 33:09 37:57 35:08 36:00 35:18 MediaCityUK Chandos [46]
22 Fabio Luisi Danish National Symphony Orchestra (4) 2019–2022 33:51 34:56 39:22 36:31 35:45 35:38 DR Koncerthuset Deutsche Grammophon [47][48][49]

Incomplete Nielsen cycles: 1962–present

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Projected cycles in progress

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As of as of October 2024, there is one new Nielsen cycle in progress:

Incomplete cycles no longer in progress
Conductor Orchestra Years[a] Symphony runtime[b] Recording venue Label Ref.
1 2 3 4 5 6
Edward Gardner Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra 2022– – – 34:57 34:25 – – Grieg Hall Chandos [50][51]

In addition to the 22 completed Nielsen cycles, there are a number of incomplete traversals available to the public. The sortable table below includes these incomplete cycles for which a conductor recorded with the same orchestra at least three of the six symphonies.

Incomplete cycles no longer in progress
Conductor Orchestra Years[a] Symphony runtime[b] Recording venue Label Ref.
1 2 3 4 5 6
Leonard Bernstein New York Philharmonic 1962–1973 – 34:36 37:21 40:10 33:13 – CBS 30th Street Studio (2)
Odd Fellows Hall (3)
Avery Fisher Hall (4)
Manhattan Center (5) 		Sony Classical[e] [52][53]
Myung-Whun Chung Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra 1983–1989 33:55 34:11 37:30 – 33:05 – Gothenburg Concert Hall BIS[f] [54]
Thomas Dausgaard[g] Seattle Symphony 2015–2020 33:00 30:03 36:34 34:07 – – Benaroya Hall Seattle Symphony Media[d] [56][57]

Notes, references, and sources

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c Refers to the timespan over which the conductor-orchestra pairing recorded the work(s); this may not be the same as the year(s) in which the recordings were first released to the general public.
  2. ^ a b c All runtimes are official, as printed on CD or LP liner notes. For some recordings, the notes only provide runtimes for a symphony's constituent movements; in these cases, the movement runtimes were added to obtain a total duration.
  3. ^ The liner notes to this release do not contain information on the venue(s) at which the symphonies were recorded.
  4. ^ a b This orchestra records under its in-house label.
  5. ^ Since the 19yys, Sony Classical has packaged the Bernstein–New York Philharmonic recordings of Symphonies Nos. 2–5 with recordings of Nos. 1 and 6 by the Hungarian-American conductor Eugene Ormandy, who in yyyy and yyyy recorded with Philadelphia Orchestra.
  6. ^ Since 1993, BIS has packaged the Chung–Gothenburg SO recordings of Symphonies Nos. 1–3 and 5 with recordings of Nos. 4 (September 1990) and 6 (March 1992) by the same orchestra, albeit with the Estonian-American conductor Neemi Järvi. From 1990–92, Järvi recorded a complete cycle for Deutsche Grammophon, again with the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra.
  7. ^ On 3 January 2022, Dausgaard resigned as musical director of the Seattle Symphony.[55] As such, the planned third volume of his Nielsen cycle—which would have included Symphonies Nos. 5–6—likely is no longer in progress.

References

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  1. ^ O. Schmidt–Regis (RRC 3002) 2001.
  2. ^ H. Blomsted–Warner Classics (50999 5 00829 2 6) 2007.
  3. ^ P. Berglund–RCA (88875052182) 2015.
  4. ^ H. Blomsted–Decca (460 985–2) 1999.
  5. ^ H. Blomsted–Decca (460 988–2) 1999.
  6. ^ E. Salonen–CBS Masterworks (MK 42093) 1986.
  7. ^ E. Salonen–CBS Masterworks (MK 42321) 1987.
  8. ^ E. Salonen–CBS Masterworks (MK 44547) 1988.
  9. ^ E. Salonen–CBS Masterworks (MK 44934) 1989.
  10. ^ E. Salonen–Sony Classical (SK 46500) 1991.
  11. ^ B. Thomson–Chandos (CHAN 9163–5) 1993.
  12. ^ N. Järvi–DG (E4775514) 2005.
  13. ^ G. Rozhdestvensky–Chandos (CHAN 10271(3) X) 2004.
  14. ^ A. Leaper–Naxos (8.550743) 1994.
  15. ^ A. Leaper–Naxos (8.550825) 1995.
  16. ^ A. Leaper–Naxos (8.550826) 1995.
  17. ^ E. Serov–Kontrapunkt (32157) 1993.
  18. ^ E. Serov–Kontrapunkt (32171) 1993.
  19. ^ E. Serov–Kontrapunkt (32178) 1994.
  20. ^ E. Serov–Kontrapunkt (32193) 1994.
  21. ^ E. Serov–Kontrapunkt (32203) 1995.
  22. ^ E. Serov–Kontrapunkt (32210) 1995.
  23. ^ M. Schønwandt–Dacapo (8.224126) 1999.
  24. ^ M. Schønwandt–Dacapo (8.224156) 2000.
  25. ^ M. Schønwandt–Dacapo (8.224169) 2000.
  26. ^ M. Schønwandt–Dacapo (2.110403–05) 2006.
  27. ^ J. Saraste–Finlandia (3984–21439–2) 1998.
  28. ^ J. Saraste–Finlandia (3984–29714–2) 2000.
  29. ^ J. Saraste–Finlandia (8573–85574–2) 2001.
  30. ^ D. Bostock–Classico (CLASSCD 296) 1999.
  31. ^ D. Bostock–Classico (CLASSCD 297) 2000.
  32. ^ D. Bostock–Classico (CLASSCD 298) 2001.
  33. ^ D. Bostock–Classico (CLASSCD 299) 2001.
  34. ^ O. Vänskä–BIS (CD–1079) 2002.
  35. ^ O. Vänskä–BIS (CD–1209) 2002.
  36. ^ O. Vänskä–BIS (CD–1289) 2003.
  37. ^ T. Kuchar–Brilliant Classics (92885) 2012.
  38. ^ C. Davis–LSO Live (LSO0789) 2015.
  39. ^ P. Järvi–RCA Red Seal (88875178802) 2015.
  40. ^ S. Oramo–BIS (BIS–2028 SACD) 2013.
  41. ^ S. Oramo–BIS (BIS–2048 SACD) 2014.
  42. ^ S. Oramo–BIS (BIS–2128 SACD) 2015.
  43. ^ A. Gilbert–Dacapo (6.220623) 2012.
  44. ^ A. Gilbert–Dacapo (6.220624 2014.
  45. ^ A. Gilbert–Dacapo (6.220625) 2014.
  46. ^ J. Storgårds–Chandos (CHAN 10859(3)) 2015.
  47. ^ F. Luisi–DG (4863475) 2022.
  48. ^ F. Luisi–DG (4863478) 2022.
  49. ^ F. Luisi–DG (4863481) 2023.
  50. ^ E. Gardner–Chandos (CHSA 5312) 2023.
  51. ^ E. Gardner–Chandos (CHSA 5312) 2024.
  52. ^ L. Bernstein–Sony Classical (SMK 47597) 1993.
  53. ^ L. Bernstein–Sony Classical (SMK 47598) 1993.
  54. ^ M. Chung–BIS (CD–614/616) 1993.
  55. ^ Hernández 2022.
  56. ^ T. Dausgaard–Seattle Symphony Media (SSM1017) 2017.
  57. ^ T. Dausgaard–Seattle Symphony Media (SSM1024) 2020.

Sources

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Books

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Liner notes

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  • Carl Nielsen: Complete Symphonies 1–6 (CD booklet). Ole Schmidt & London Symphony Orchestra. Regis. 2001. RRC 3002.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 51491535
  • Nielsen: Symphonies Nos. 1–6 (CD booklet). Herbert Blomstedt & Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Warner Classics. 2007. 50999 5 00829 2 6.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) 
  • Paavo Berglund Conducts Nielsen: Symphonies Nos. 1–6 (CD booklet). Paavo Berglund &Royal Danish Orchestra. RCA Red Seal. 2015. 88875052182.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 45705881
  • Nielsen: The Symphonies, Nos. 4–5 (CD booklet). Herbert Blomstedt & San Francisco Symphony. Decca. 1999. 460 988–2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) 
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Helios Overture (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1986. MK 42093.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 13941964
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 5 / Masquerade (Overture – Prelude – Dance) (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1988. MK 44547.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 20090123
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "Four Temperaments" / Pan & Syrinx, Op. 49 / Aladdin Suite (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. CBS Masterworks. 1989. MK 44934.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 25827799
  • Nielsen: Symphonies No. 3 & 6 (CD booklet). Esa-Pekka Salonen & Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Sony Classical. 1991. SK 46500.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 25331790
  • Nielsen: Complete Symphonies (CD booklet). Neeme Järvi & Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra. Deutsche Grammophon. 2005. E4775514.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) 
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Adrian Leaper & National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland. Naxos. 1994. 8.550743.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 31364800
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" (CD booklet). Adrian Leaper & National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland. Naxos. 1994. 8.550825.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 36741004
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Adrian Leaper & National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland. Naxos. 1995. 8.550826.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 36741202
  • Symphony No. 1 / Saul & David Suite / Helios Overture (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1993. 32157.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 31216905
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 5 / Bohemian-Danish Folk Tune / Symphonic Rhapsody (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1993. 32171.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 30909784
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2 / Overture to Cupid and the Poet / Snefrid Suite (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1994. 32178.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 33858618
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4 / Pan and Syrinx / At the Bier of a Young Artist / Saga-Dream (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1994. 32193.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 34029965
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 3 / Andante tranquillo–Scherzo / Maskarade Suite (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1995. 32203.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 34027540
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 6 / Overture 3rd Act from Willemoes / Rhapsodic Overture / The Mother Suite (CD booklet). Edward Serov & Odense Symphony Orchestra. Kontrapunkt. 1995. 32210.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 873441172
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" (CD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2000. 8.224126.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 1040075865
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2000. 8.224156.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 45072324
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Michael Schønwandt & Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Dacapo. 2000. 8.224169.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 45916289
  • Carl Nielsen, Vol. 1: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 296.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 46998302
  • Carl Nielsen, Vol. 2: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Helios / Songs / Paraphrase (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 297.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 58481479
  • Carl Nielsen, Vol. 3: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Cupid and the Poet / Songs / Symphonic Rhapsody (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 298.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 48505133
  • Carl Nielsen, Vol. 4: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" / Andante tranquilo e Scherzo (CD booklet). Douglas Bostock & Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra. Classico. 1999. CLASSCD 299.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 52032367
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Osmo Vänskä & BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 2002. CD–1079.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 49861136
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" (CD booklet). Osmo Vänskä & BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 2002. CD–1209.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 52042963
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Osmo Vänskä & BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 2003. CD–1289.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 53023779
  • Nielsen: The Symphonies (Complete) (CD booklet). Theodore Kuchar & Janáček Philharmonic Orchestra. Brilliant Classics. 2012. 92885.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 71515878
  • Nielsen: Symphonies Nos. 1–6 (CD booklet). Sir Colin Davis & London Symphony Orchestra. LSO Live. 2015. LSO0789.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) 
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 5 (CD booklet). Sakari Oramo & Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra. BIS. 2013. BIS–2028 SACD.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 870341006
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Sakari Oramo & Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra. BIS. 2013. BIS–2128 SACD.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 910345821
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" (CD booklet). Alan Gilbert & New York Philharmonic. Dacapo. 2012. 6.220623.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 844087341
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" / Symphony No. 1 (CD booklet). Alan Gilbert & New York Philharmonic. Dacapo. 2014. 6.220624.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 890322133
  • Carl Nielsen: Symphony No. 5 / Symphony No. 6, "Sinfonia simplice" (CD booklet). Alan Gilbert & New York Philharmonic. Dacapo. 2014. 6.220625.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 903375057
  • Carl Nielsen: The Six Complete Symphonies / The Three Concertos (CD booklet). Myung-Whun Chung & Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra. BIS. 1993. CD–614/616.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 29570028
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 3, "Sinfonia espansiva" / Symphony No. 4, "The Inextinguishable" (CD booklet). Thomas Dausgaard & Seattle Symphony. Seattle Symphony Media. 2017. SSM1017.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 1022190725
  • Nielsen: Symphony No. 1 / Symphony No. 2, "The Four Temperaments" (CD booklet). Thomas Dausgaard & Seattle Symphony. Seattle Symphony Media. 2020. SSM1024.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) OCLC 1160050646


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