Credé's prophylaxis

Credé's prophylaxis
Credé's prophylaxis
ICD-10-PCS	T81.40XA
	[edit on Wikidata]

Credé procedure is the practice of washing a newborn's eyes with a 2% silver nitrate solution to protect against neonatal conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.^[1]

The Credé procedure was developed by the German physician Carl Siegmund Franz Credé who implemented it in his hospital in Leipzig in 1880.^[2] Between 1881 and 1883, Credé published three papers in Archiv für Gynäkologie, each titled "Die Verhütung der Augenentzündung der Neugeborenen" (Prevention of inflammatory eye disease in the newborn), describing his method and its results.^[2]^{[note 1]} The original procedure called for a 2% silver nitrate solution administered immediately after birth; however, this was eventually reduced to a 1% silver nitrate solution to reduce chemical irritation to the newborn's eyes.^[3]

In the 1980s, silver nitrate was replaced by erythromycin and tetracycline treatments, which are better tolerated by the eye and more effective against Chlamydia trachomatis in addition to N. gonorrhea.^[4]

Notes

^ In 2001, the World Health Organization selected the first paper of this series as a "ground-breaking contribution to public health" and published an English translation along with expert commentary in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization.^[3]

The works "Archiv für Gynäkologie" are freely available in the public domain.

References

^ Schmidt, Axel (2007), Schroten, Horst; Wirth, Stefan (eds.), "Gonorrheal ophthalmia neonatorum: Historic impact of Credé's eye prophylaxis", Pediatric Infectious Diseases Revisited, Birkhäuser Advances in Infectious Diseases, Basel: Birkhäuser, pp. 95–115, doi:10.1007/978-3-7643-8099-1_4, ISBN 978-3-7643-8099-1, retrieved 2023-11-04
^ ^a ^b Axel Schmidt (2007). "Gonorrheal othalmia neonatorum: Historic impact of Credé's eye prophylaxis". In Schroten H, Wirth S (eds.). Pediatric Infections Diseases Revisited. Springer Science+Business. pp. 95–116. ISBN 978-3-7643-7997-1.
^ ^a ^b Schaller, U. C.; Klauss, V. (2001). "Is Credé's prophylaxis for ophthalmia neonatorum still valid?". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 79 (3): 262–263. hdl:10665/74722. PMC 2566367. PMID 11285676.
^ Kapoor, Vimal Scott; Evans, Jennifer R; Vedula, S Swaroop (21 September 2020). "Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (9): CD001862. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001862.pub4. PMC 8524318. PMID 32959365. S2CID 221842229.

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[4] In 2001, the World Health Organization selected the first paper of this series as a "ground-breaking contribution to public health" and published an English translation along with expert commentary in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization.^[3]

[1] Schmidt, Axel (2007), Schroten, Horst; Wirth, Stefan (eds.), "Gonorrheal ophthalmia neonatorum: Historic impact of Credé's eye prophylaxis", Pediatric Infectious Diseases Revisited, Birkhäuser Advances in Infectious Diseases, Basel: Birkhäuser, pp. 95–115, doi:10.1007/978-3-7643-8099-1_4, ISBN 978-3-7643-8099-1, retrieved 2023-11-04

[Schmidt2007-2] Axel Schmidt (2007). "Gonorrheal othalmia neonatorum: Historic impact of Credé's eye prophylaxis". In Schroten H, Wirth S (eds.). Pediatric Infections Diseases Revisited. Springer Science+Business. pp. 95–116. ISBN 978-3-7643-7997-1.

[Schaller2001-3] Schaller, U. C.; Klauss, V. (2001). "Is Credé's prophylaxis for ophthalmia neonatorum still valid?". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 79 (3): 262–263. hdl:10665/74722. PMC 2566367. PMID 11285676.

[5] Kapoor, Vimal Scott; Evans, Jennifer R; Vedula, S Swaroop (21 September 2020). "Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (9): CD001862. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001862.pub4. PMC 8524318. PMID 32959365. S2CID 221842229.

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