Centrotinae
| Centrotinae | |
|---|---|
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| |
| Centrotus cornutus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
| Family: | Membracidae |
| Subfamily: | Centrotinae Amyot & Serville, 1843 |
| Type genus | |
| Centrotus Fabricius, 1803
| |
Centrotinae is a subfamily within the treehoppers (Membracidae) and is the largest and only subfamily with a worldwide distribution of species. There are nearly 1350 species placed in 216 genera. Species in the genus make use of a wide range of host plants belonging to 105 plant families with dominant ones being Leguminosae, Compositae, Solanaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. Most species have relationships with ants that tend them for honeydew.[1][2] The Centrotinae typically have the posterior pronotal process not concealing the scutellum and the forewing has the clavus truncated at the apex and having a broad apical limbus. Exceptions in which the scutellum are partly concealed can be found both in the New and Old World.[3]
Classification
[edit]A number of tribes are recognized within the subfamily including:
- Beaufortianini
- Boccharini
- Boocerini (New World)
- Centrocharesini
- Centrodontini (New World)
- Centrotini
- Centrotypini
- Choucentrini
- Ebhuloidesini
- Gargarini
- Hypsaucheniini
- Leptobelini
- Leptocentrini
- Lobocentrini
- Maarbarini
- Micreunini
- Monobelini (New World)
- Nessorhinini (New World)
- Oxyrhachini
- Pieltainellini (New World)
- Platycentrini (New World)
- Terentiini
- Xiphopoeini
A few genera are still unplaced and include:
- Aspasiana
- Centrobelus
- Elaphiceps
- Insitor
- Insitoroides
- Kaikaia
- Megalocentrus
- Megaloschema
- Selenacentrus
- Sinocentrus
- Tyrannotus
References
[edit]- ^ Yu, Ruitao; Feng, Leining; Dietrich, Christopher H.; Yuan, Xiangqun (2022). "Characterization, Comparison of Four New Mitogenomes of Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae) and Phylogenetic Implications Supports New Synonymy". Life. 12 (1): 61. Bibcode:2022Life...12...61Y. doi:10.3390/life12010061. ISSN 2075-1729. PMC 8777817. PMID 35054454.
- ^ Cryan, Jason R.; Wiegmann, Brian M.; Deitz, Lewis L.; Dietrich, Christopher H. (2000). "Phylogeny of the Treehoppers (Insecta: Hemiptera: Membracidae): Evidence from Two Nuclear Genes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 17 (2): 317–334. doi:10.1006/mpev.2000.0832. PMID 11083944.
- ^ Dietrich, C. H.; Mckamey, S. H.; Deitz, L. L. (2001). "Morphology-based phylogeny of the treehopper family Membracidae (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Membracoidea)". Systematic Entomology. 26 (2): 213–239. Bibcode:2001SysEn..26..213D. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2001.00140.x. ISSN 0307-6970. S2CID 84120872.