Braconinae
| Braconinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Bracon brevicornis, female inserting ovipositor into paralyzed host. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Braconidae |
| Subfamily: | Braconinae Nees, 1811[1] |
| Tribes | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
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The Braconinae are a large subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps with more than 2,000 described species.[2] Many species, including Bracon brevicornis, have been used in biocontrol programs.
Description and distribution
[edit]Braconines are small to medium sized wasps. Many are dark in color, but they can be red, orange, or pale. They have cyclostome mouthparts and females usually have a long ovipositor.
They are found worldwide, but are most diverse in the Paleotropical region.
Biology
[edit]Braconines are idiobiont ectoparasitoids of concealed larvae. The hosts of most species are Lepidoptera or Coleoptera, with a few attacking Diptera or Symphyta. Usually, they paralyze the host with venom before laying one or more (depending on the species) large eggs on the host's exterior.[2]
Tribes
[edit]- Adeshini
- Aphrastobraconini
- Argamaniini
- Bathyaulacini
- Braconini
- Coeloidini
- Euurobraconini
- Glyptomorphini
- Gnathobraconini
- Physaraiini
- Rhammurini
- Vaepellini
References
[edit]- ^ Ichneumonoids Adsciti. CGD Nees von Esenbeck Genera et Familias Divisi, Magazin Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 5, 3-37, 1811.
- ^ a b Wharton, Robert A.; Marsh, Paul M.; Sharkey, Michael J. (1997). Manual of the New World Genera of the Family Braconidae (Hymenoptera) (PDF). Washington DC: The International Society of Hymenopterists.
External links
[edit]
Data related to Braconinae at Wikispecies
Media related to Braconinae at Wikimedia Commons- "Braconinae". The Encyclopedia of Life.
- Photos at BugGuide.net
- DNA barcodes at BOLD Systems
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