Blue scrotum sign of Bryant
| Blue scrotum sign of Bryant | |
|---|---|
| Symptoms | Bruising of the scrotum |
| Causes | Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| Named after | John Henry Bryant |
The blue scrotum sign of Bryant, also known as Bryant's blue sign, is bruising of the scrotum, typically associated with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).[1] It generally appears three or four days after first experiencing pain, though may occur hours after and sometimes weeks after the rupture.[1]
The sign is named after British physician John Henry Bryant, who first described it in 1903.[2]
Definition
[edit]Blue scrotum sign of Bryant is a medical sign associated with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) that is leaking relatively slowly.[1]
Signs and symptoms
[edit]
Bruising of one side or both sides of the scrotum may be seen three or four days after leakage of the aneurysm.[1]
Cause and mechanism
[edit]
Rupture of the aneurysm causes blood to accumulate in the retroperitoneal space and extravasate into the scrotal tissue via the inguinal canal and spermatic cord.[1]
Epidemiology
[edit]The sign is uncommon.[3]
History
[edit]The sign was first described in 1903 by John Henry Bryant (1867–1906) in autopsies conducted on people who died from ruptured AAA.[2][4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Epperla, Narendranath; Mazza, Joseph J.; Yale, Steven H. (April 2015). "A Review of Clinical Signs Related to Ecchymosis". WMJ. 114 (2): 61–65. ISSN 1098-1861. PMID 26756058.
- ^ a b Yale, Steven H.; Tekiner, Halil; Mazza, Joseph J.; Yale, Eileen S.; Yale, Ryan C. (2021). "1. Aneurysm". Cardiovascular Eponymic Signs: Diagnostic Skills Applied During the Physical Examination. Springer Nature. p. 29. ISBN 978-3-030-67596-7.
- ^ Dargin, James M.; Lowenstein, Robert A. (March 2011). "Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting as painless testicular ecchymosis: the scrotal sign of Bryant revisited". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 40 (3): e45–48. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.11.066. ISSN 0736-4679. PMID 18614326.
- ^ White, Fred Ashley (2009). Physical Signs in Medicine and Surgery: An Atlas of Rare, Lost and Forgotten Physical Signs : Includes a Collection of Extraordinary Papers in Medicine, Surgery and the Scientific Method. Museum Press Books. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-4415-0829-4.