Big Night (amphibians)
Big Night is an annual event common to amphibians as they emerge from underground hibernation in the spring, travel to vernal pools, and mate.
Background
[edit]
The reason it is referred to as a big night is because there is a large number of salamanders moving at the same time. Warmer air and loose soil coupled with rain cause salamanders to leave their underground burrows. The event takes place at night to minimize predation. The rain on the big night keeps the salamanders skin from becoming dry.[1] Amphibians such as salamanders and frogs in a local area usually use the same overwintering area and the same breeding area, returning generation after generation to the area in which they were spawned.[2][3][4] The breeding locations are areas where vernal pools develop from snowmelt and spring rains.[3] The two locations can be a half-mile apart or even farther.[2][4] Although referred to as the Big Night, the event for a species sometimes occurs on several occasions over days or weeks.[2][3][5] In temperate areas, the event usually happens when temperatures are optimal for the particular species, after a rain.[2] The salamander gathering for the mating ritual is known as a salamander congress.[2]
Human assistance
[edit]In some areas where the path of migration crosses a roadway, volunteers may assist the amphibians to cross the road safely.[3] In some, amphibian and reptile tunnels have been built to funnel the migrating animals safely under the roadway.[6]
In popular culture
[edit]Loren Eiseley wrote an essay, The Dance of the Frogs, about Big Night.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Lamstein, Sarah Marwil (1 March 2010). Big Night for Salamanders. New York, New Yok: Astra Publishing House. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-932425-98-7. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "The Biggest Night(s) of Spring". Mass Audubon. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
- ^ a b c d "Gearing Up For Amphibians' "Big Night"". Scenic Hudson. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
- ^ a b Staff, Maine Audubon (2024-03-07). "Amphibians are on the Move: Prepare for Big Night!". Maine Audubon. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
- ^ "Big Night 2024 in Amherst!". Amherst, Massachusetts. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
- ^ "Henry Street Salamander Tunnels". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
- ^ "Nature Writing in America: Loren Eiseley's Two Cultures --- Adam Regn Arvidson". Numéro Cinq. 2011-03-03. Retrieved 2024-06-11.