Bidens bidentoides
| Bidens bidentoides | |
|---|---|
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| 1913 illustration[1] | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Bidens |
| Species: | B. bidentoides
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| Binomial name | |
| Bidens bidentoides | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
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Bidens bidentoides (formerly Diodonta bidentoides), commonly called swamp beggar's-ticks[4] and delmarva beggarticks,[5] is an annual, herbaceous, flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to the northeastern and east-central parts of the United States, the coastal plain of the States of Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey plus the region around the Hudson River estuary in New York.[6]
Description
[edit]Bidens bidentoides is an annual herb that typically grows between 10 to 90 cm (0.33 to 2.95 ft) tall. The opposite, lanceolate, variably toothed leaves are 4-16 cm long and 0.3-3 cm wide. Each flower usually has no ray florets, but there can be up to five. There are between 6-30 yellowish disk florets.[7]
It typically blooms in September, but can sometimes bloom in August or October.[4][7]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Bidens bidentoides is native to Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania.[6][8] The plant grows on the borders of streams and estuaries at an elevation of 0-10 metres from sea level.[7]
Conservation
[edit]As of November 2024[update], NatureServe listed Bidens bidentoides as Vulnerable (G3) worldwide. It is threatened by dredging, filling, pollution, housing development and possibly threatened by invasive species such as the purple loosestrife.[2]
In individual states within the United States, it is listed as Critically Imperiled (S1) in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, Possibly Extirpated (SH) in Delaware, and Vulnerable (S3) in New York and Maryland.[2]
Taxonomy
[edit]Bidens bidentoides was first named and described as Diodonta bidentoides in 1841 by Thomas Nuttall in the Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s publication.[9][10] It was moved to the genus Bidens, with the species epithet kept the same, by Nathaniel Lord Britton in 1893 in the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club.[11]
References
[edit]- ^ 1913 illustration from USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. 3 vols. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Vol. 3: 496.
- ^ a b c "Bidens bidentoides | NatureServe Explorer". NatureServe Explorer. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
- ^ The Plant List, Bidens bidentoides (Nutt.) Britton
- ^ a b www.naturalheritage.state.pa.us https://www.naturalheritage.state.pa.us/factsheet.aspx?=13043. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
- ^ a b Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ a b c "Bidens bidentoides - FNA". floranorthamerica.org. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
- ^ "Bidens bidentoides (Nutt.) Britton | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
- ^ American Philosophical Society.; Society, American Philosophical; Poupard, James (1841). Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. Vol. new ser.:v.7 (1841). Philadelphia [etc.]
- ^ "Tropicos | Name - Diodonta bidentoides". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
- ^ "Tropicos | Name - Bidens bidentoides". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
External links
[edit]- Friends for the Abbott Marshlands, Aree estuarine beggar-ticks[permanent dead link]
- Bob Cunningham | all galleries >> Threatened and endangered plants in NJ > Bidens bidentoides- Estuary Beggar Ticks
Media related to Bidens bidentoides at Wikimedia Commons