Bazalgette Mausoleum
The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum is a Grade II listed structure currently on Historic England’s Heritage-at-Risk Register.[1] It stands in the grounds of St Mary's Church, Wimbledon, in the London Borough of Merton.[2] The mausoleum is the final resting place of the noted Victorian engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette and many members of his family.
It was built circa 1804 for John Anthony Rucker, a local merchant trader, businessman and slave-owner based at West Hill House, East Putney.[3] Bazalgette acquired the mausoleum for his family towards the end of the 19th century as the churchyard was full.[4]
Architecture
[edit]The mausoleum in neo-classical style made of Portland stone.[5] It consists of a rusticated base with decorated archway to the vault which has space for nine coffins. An obelisk sits atop the base, stating the names of the Bazalgette family interred there.[6] It is believed the obelisk was an addition by Sir Joseph Bazalgette.[7]
The mausoleum was built by Jesse Gibson, a architect based in Hackney, for John Anthony Rucker who died in 1804.[8] Gibson was based in the City of London and is known for having rebuilt the now demolished St Peter le Poer in Broad Street,[9] Vintner’s Company almshouses on Mile End Road and Saddlers Hall in Cheapside.[10][11] Gibson also built West Hill House, in East Putney, for John Anthony Rucker (now the Royal Hospital for Neuro-Disability).[12][13]
Sir Joseph Bazalgette
[edit]Sir Joseph Bazalgette (1819-1891) was an eminent engineer, known for large infrastructural improvement that improved the sanitation of Victorian London.[14] As the Chief Engineer for the Metropolitan Board of Works from 1856, Bazalgette was responsible for resolving the ‘Great Stink’ of 1858.[15] His sewerage system helped to rid London of pollution and waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid.[16] Crossness and Abbey Mills Pumping Stations were created as part of these designs.
Bazalgette created several bridges across the Thames, and designed the Victoria, Albert and Chelsea embankments. A memorial to Bazalgette by George Blackall Simonds is located on the Victoria Embankment, by the Hungerford Bridge.[17]
Sir Joseph Bazalgette died on 15 March 1891.[18] He is interred in the mausoleum alongside his wife Maria and five of their children.
John Anthony Rucker
[edit]Joseph Anthony Rucker was a merchant originally from Hamburg.[19] He bought property in South London including the West Hill estate and the Wandle Villa in the late eighteenth century.[20] He owned slave estates in Grenada, Curacao and St Vincent, and was a witness for the 1789-90 Committee on the Slave Trade.[21] Rucker’s estates and property were inherited by his nephew, Daniel Henry Rucker.[22]
When Sir Joseph Bazalgette bought the mausoleum for his family towards the end of the 19th century, the tomb had been unattended for 84 years.[23]
Heritage
[edit]The mausoleum has been placed on Historic England’s Heritage-at-Risk Register due to internal collapse due to water ingress.[24] The iron gates in front of the steps leading down to the vault are also missing.
As of 2023, Habitats & Heritage, a south-west London based charity, are currently working with the church to restore the mausoleum.[25]
References
[edit]- ^ "Mausoleum of Sir Joseph William Bazalgette, St Mary's Churchyard, St Mary's Road, Wimbledon SW19 - Merton | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "HIstory". St Mary's church. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Summary of Individual | Legacies of British Slavery". www.ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette's Mausoleum". victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "MAUSOLEUM OF SIR JOSEPH WILLIAM BAZALGETTE 20 YARDS TO NORTH EAST OF CHANCEL OF ST MARYS CHURCH, Non Civil Parish - 1080887 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette - Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ Friedman, Terry (2000). "The Church of St. Peter-Le-Poer Reconsidered". Architectural History. 43: 162–171. doi:10.2307/1568691. ISSN 0066-622X. JSTOR 1568691. S2CID 192363141.
- ^ "Jesse Gibson". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Theatres". The News (London). 10 March 1822. p. 77. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ Prosser, George Frederick (1828). Select illustrations of the county of Surrey. London: C. and J. Rivington. p. 226.
- ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette". Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE). 2023-09-21. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "BBC - History - Joseph Bazalgette". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ Halliday, Stephen (2009). The Great Stink of London: Sir Joseph Bazalgette and the cleansing of the Victorian Metropolis (7th ed.). Stroud: The History Press.
- ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette". London Remembers. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "BBC - History - Joseph Bazalgette". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ WEST HILL ESTATE.
- ^ "MNA129721 | National Trust Heritage Records". heritagerecords.nationaltrust.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Summary of Individual | Legacies of British Slavery". www.ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ Prosser, George Frederick (1828). Select illustrations of the county of Surrey. London: C. and J. Rivington. p. 226.
- ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Mausoleum of Sir Joseph William Bazalgette, St Mary's Churchyard, St Mary's Road, Wimbledon SW19 - Merton | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette - Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. Retrieved 2023-03-09.