Assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan
| Assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait, c. 1945 | |
| Location | Company Bagh, Rawalpindi |
| Date | 16 October 1951 c. 4:30 pm |
| Target | Liaquat Ali Khan |
Attack type |
|
| Weapon | .22 calibre (5.6 mm) pistol |
| Motive | Unknown |
| Convicted | Said Akbar Babrak |
| Verdict | Guilty |
| Convictions | Murder |
On 16 October 1951, at approximately 4:30 pm, Liaquat Ali Khan, the Prime Minister of Pakistan, was shot dead while addressing a gathering at Company Bagh (known today as Liaquat Bagh) in Rawalpindi.[1][2] The police immediately shot the presumed murderer who was later identified as professional assassin Said Akbar Babrak.[3] The assassination of Khan remains one of the most significant and unresolved political murders in Pakistan's history.[4]
Khan had served as the first Prime Minister of Pakistan since its creation in 1947, and he was one of the central figures in the country's early political and economic development. His leadership was marked by efforts to stabilize the newly-formed nation, promote economic reforms, and strengthen ties with the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Despite his critical role, his death left the country in political turmoil and uncertainty, with numerous theories surrounding the motives and the identity of the true mastermind.
In the wake of his assassination, the investigation quickly pointed to Said Akbar, but little was discovered about his background or the reasoning behind his actions. Theories surrounding the assassination range from personal grievances to speculation about a conspiracy involving foreign or domestic interests, though no conclusive evidence has emerged to date.[5] Khan's death created a power vacuum in Pakistan's leadership, and the country struggled with political instability in the years that followed.
Assassination
[edit]While addressing a massive crowd of approximately 100,000 people at Company Bagh (Company Gardens) in Rawalpindi, Khan was shot twice in the chest. Babrak was swiftly shot and killed by the police. Akbar was a known figure to the Pakistani authorities, with prior involvement in criminal activities. He had a history of links with extremist groups, though his precise motivations remained unclear.[6]
After the shooting, Khan was immediately rushed to a nearby hospital, where doctors performed a blood transfusion in a desperate attempt to save his life. However, he succumbed to his injuries shortly thereafter, marking a tragic and pivotal moment in Pakistan's early history.
The motive behind the assassination of Khan remains one of the most debated and mysterious aspects of his death. While various theories exist, none have been conclusively proven. Some suggest political motivations, pointing to Khan's policies, particularly his alignment with the West during the Cold War, as a possible factor. An influential theory proposed by an Urdu daily in Bhopal, India, speculated that American intelligence agencies may have played a role in orchestrating the assassination due to Khan's foreign policy stance.[7]
Upon his death, Khan was posthumously given the title of "Shaheed-e-Millat," meaning "Martyr of the Nation." His death deeply impacted the nation, which struggled to cope with the loss of its first Prime Minister. Khan was laid to rest in Mazar-e-Quaid, Karachi, alongside the tomb of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Pakistan's founder.[8]
The location of his assassination, Company Bagh, was later renamed Liaquat Bagh in his honor. The site, which had been a major gathering spot in Rawalpindi, became a symbol of national pride and remembrance. Liaquat Bagh was also the site of the 2007 assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, further solidifying the location's tragic place in Pakistan's political history.[9]
Despite numerous investigations, the true nature of the conspiracy, if one existed, and the identity of the forces behind the assassination remain unresolved. Some believe that domestic political rivalries, including opposition from military and feudal elites, may have contributed to the planning of Khan's death. His assassination created a power vacuum that led to increased military influence in Pakistan's political landscape, which would dominate the country's future trajectory.
References
[edit]- ^ Khuhro, Zarrar (27 December 2010). "Unexplained assassinations, Benazir's assassination changed Pakistan's future, but there are others that have altered the course of history". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
- ^ "Liaquat Bagh adds to its gory history". Dawn. 28 December 2007. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
- ^ "Liaquat Bagh adds to its gory history". Dawn. 28 December 2007. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
- ^ Ahmed, Ashfaq (7 July 2009). "Key moment for Pakistan". Gulfnews. Archived from the original on 7 July 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ Ahmed, Ashfaq (7 July 2009). "Key moment for Pakistan". Gulfnews. Archived from the original on 7 July 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ Husain, Syed (18 July 2006). "Declassified Papers Shed Light on US Role in Liaquat's Murder". Arab News.
- ^ Husain, Syed (18 July 2006). "Declassified Papers Shed Light on US Role in Liaquat's Murder". Arab News.
- ^ SHUKLA, RAJEEV (2021). SCARS OF 1947 : real partition stories. [S.l.]: INDIA VIKING. ISBN 978-0-670-09567-4. OCLC 1292470044.
- ^ "Doctor relives father's fate after Bhutto attack". Reuters. 30 December 2007. Archived from the original on 31 December 2007. Retrieved 18 July 2009.