Anna Mullikin
Anna Margaret Mullikin | |
|---|---|
| Born | March 7, 1893 Baltimore, Maryland |
| Died | August 24, 1975 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| Burial place | Mt. Olivet Cemetery |
| Alma mater | Goucher College University of Pennsylvania |
| Occupation | Mathematician |
| Known for | Miss Mullikin's Theorem |
Anna Margaret Mullikin (1893–1975) was an American mathematician who was one of the early investigators of point set theory. She was one of the few women to earn a PhD in math before World War II.[1][2][3]
Biography
[edit]Anna Margaret Mullikin was born in Baltimore, Maryland, March 7, 1893, as the youngest of four children of Sophia Ridgely (Battee) and William Lawrence Mullikin. Anna received her BA from Goucher College, in Towson, Maryland, in 1915. After she graduated Mullikin taught in private schools including Science Hill School in Shelbyville, Kentucky, (1915–1917) and at Mary Baldwin Seminary in Staunton, Virginia, 1917–1918.[3]
Mullikin went on to attend University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia for doctoral work. She was Robert Lee Moore's third student, graduating with her PhD in 1922 with a dissertation titled Certain Theorems Relating to Plane Connected Point Sets. Her dissertation was published that year in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society[4] and subsequently became the catalyst for significant advances in the field of topology.[1] Her main result was initially referred to as "Miss Mullikin's Theorem" but by 1928 it was called the "Janiszewski-Mullikin theorem."[3]
During 1921–1922, while studying for her doctorate, she taught at Oak Lane Country Day School, which served preschool and elementary-aged children in Pennsylvania.[5]
As a PhD, she spent her career as a secondary school mathematics teacher, beginning at William Penn High School in Philadelphia for one year (1922–1923) before moving to Germantown High School (Philadelphia). There she became a mentor to Mary-Elizabeth Hamstrom, who would go on to become a student of Moore and professional mathematician herself.[5] At Germantown High School she was named department head of the mathematics in 1952, and she remained there until her retirement in 1959.[3]
Anna Mullikin died August 24, 1975, in Philadelphia at 82 and was interred in Mt. Olivet Cemetery in Baltimore, Maryland.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Bartlow, T. L. and Zitarelli, D. E. (2009) Who Was Miss Mullikin?, American Mathematical Monthly 116(2), 99-114.
- ^ Zitarelli, D. E. (2009) Connected Sets and the AMS: 1901-1921, Notices of the American Mathematical Society 56(4), 450-458.
- ^ a b c d e Green, Judy, Jeanne LaDuke: Pioneering Women in American Mathematics: The Pre-1940 PhD’s. 2009, ISBN 978-0-8218-4376-5.
- ^ Mullikin, A. (1922) Certain Theorems Relating to Plane Connected Point Sets, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 24, 144-162.
- ^ a b Wetzel, John E. (Spring 2010), "In Memoriam: Mary-Elizabeth Hamstrom" (PDF), Math Times, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Mathematics, pp. 12–13. Also published as "Mary-Elizabeth Hamstrom", News-Gazette, December 10, 2009.
External links
[edit]- Anna Mullikin at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- MacTutor page
- Green, Judy; LaDuke, Jeanne (2008). Pioneering Women in American Mathematics — The Pre-1940 PhD's. History of Mathematics. Vol. 34 (1st ed.). American Mathematical Society, The London Mathematical Society. ISBN 978-0-8218-4376-5. Biography on p. 448-450 of the Supplementary Material at AMS
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
- 1893 births
- 1975 deaths
- Goucher College alumni
- 20th-century American mathematicians
- 20th-century American women mathematicians
- 20th-century American women scientists
- University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences alumni
- Mathematicians from Maryland
- American mathematicians
- American women mathematicians