Alcetas of Macedon

Alcetas
Alcetas
King of Macedonia
Reign	6th century BC
Predecessor	Aeropus I
Successor	Amyntas I
Spouse	unknown
Issue	Amyntas I
Dynasty	Argead
Father	Aeropus I
Mother	unknown

Alcetas (Ancient Greek: Ἀλκέτας, romanized: Alkétas; fl. c. 533 BC) was king^[a] of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He was a member of the Argead dynasty and son of Aeropus I.^[3] By allowing thirty years for the span of an average generation from the beginning of Archelaus' reign in 413 BC, British historian Nicholas Hammond estimated that Alcetas ruled around 533 BC.^[4]

According to Herodotus and Thucydides, Alcetas was the fifth king of Macedonia.^[5] However, a much later tradition records Caranus as the founder of Macedonia and therefore Alcetas as the eighth king. This unhistorical assertion is almost universally rejected by moderns scholarship as propaganda invented at the Argead court during the reign of Philip II.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]

By all accounts, Alcetas was a calm and stable ruler, who sought to preserve his kingdom through peaceful means. Unlike his predecessors, he apparently did not engage in unnecessary warfare in order to extend the boundaries of his kingdom. His wife is unknown, but he was the father of Amyntas I.^[10]^[11]

Notes and References

Notes

^ While Greeks such as Demosthenes and Aristotle referred to them as such, there is no evidence that any Macedonian ruler prior to Alexander III used an official royal title (basileus).^[1]^[2]

Citations

^ Errington, R.M. (1974). "Macedonian 'Royal Style' and Its Historical Significance". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 94: 20.
^ King, Carol (2010). "Macedonian Kingship and Other Political Institutions". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 375.
^ "Herodotus, The Histories, Book 8, chapter 139, section 1". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
^ N.G.L., Hammond; Griffith, G.T. (1979). A History of Macedonia Volume II: 550–336 B.C. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 4.
^ Herodotus (1920). "8.139". The Histories. Translated by Godley, Alfred. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
^ Eder, Walter; Renger, Johannes, eds. (2006). Chronologies of the Ancient World: Names, Dates, and Dynasties. Boston: Brill. pp. 188–190.
^ Greenwalt, William (1985). "The Introduction of Caranus into the Argead King List". Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 26 (1): 43–49.
^ Heckel, Waldemar (2020). Lexicon of Argead Makedonia. Berlin: Frank & Timme. p. 292.
^ Hammond 1979, p. 5.
^ Farr, Edward, History of the Macedonians (Robert Carter & Brothers, New York, 1850), p. 38
^ Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Alcetas". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. p. 98.

Alcetas of Macedon Argead dynasty
Preceded by Aeropus I	King of Macedon c. 533 BC	Succeeded by Amyntas I

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[3] While Greeks such as Demosthenes and Aristotle referred to them as such, there is no evidence that any Macedonian ruler prior to Alexander III used an official royal title (basileus).^[1]^[2]

[1] Errington, R.M. (1974). "Macedonian 'Royal Style' and Its Historical Significance". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 94: 20.

[2] King, Carol (2010). "Macedonian Kingship and Other Political Institutions". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 375.

[:0-4] "Herodotus, The Histories, Book 8, chapter 139, section 1". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2023-02-28.

[5] N.G.L., Hammond; Griffith, G.T. (1979). A History of Macedonia Volume II: 550–336 B.C. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 4.

[6] Herodotus (1920). "8.139". The Histories. Translated by Godley, Alfred. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

[7] Eder, Walter; Renger, Johannes, eds. (2006). Chronologies of the Ancient World: Names, Dates, and Dynasties. Boston: Brill. pp. 188–190.

[8] Greenwalt, William (1985). "The Introduction of Caranus into the Argead King List". Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 26 (1): 43–49.

[9] Heckel, Waldemar (2020). Lexicon of Argead Makedonia. Berlin: Frank & Timme. p. 292.

[10] Hammond 1979, p. 5.

[11] Farr, Edward, History of the Macedonians (Robert Carter & Brothers, New York, 1850), p. 38

[12] Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Alcetas". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. p. 98.

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v t e Kings of Macedon
Legendary	Caranus Coenus Tyrimmas	Vergina Sun
Argead dynasty	Perdiccas I Argaeus I Philip I Aeropus I Alcetas Amyntas I Alexander I Perdiccas II Archelaus Orestes Aeropus II Amyntas II Pausanias Amyntas III Argaeus II Alexander II Ptolemy of Aloros Perdiccas III Amyntas IV Philip II Alexander III (the Great) Philip III Alexander IV
Antipatrid dynasty	Cassander Philip IV Antipater I Alexander V
Dynastic conflict	Demetrius I Pyrrhus Lysimachus Ptolemy Ceraunus Meleager Antipater II Sosthenes Antigonus II Pyrrhus
Antigonid dynasty	Antigonus II Demetrius II Antigonus III Philip V Perseus
Post-Conquest Rebel Kings	Andriscus Pseudo-Alexander Pseudo-Philip/Pseudo-Perseus Euephenes
Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics.

See also

Notes and References

Notes

Citations