Adam Drummond (politician)
Adam Drummond, 11th of Lennoch and 4th of Megginch (31 January 1713 – 17 June 1786), was a Scottish merchant, banker and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1761 and 1786.
Early life
[edit]Drummond was the eldest son of John Drummond, 10th of Lennoch, 3rd of Megginch in Perthshire and the former Bethia Murray. Among his siblings were Colin Drummond, who married Katherine Oliphant), and Jean Drummond, who married James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl and, after his death,[1] Lord Adam Gordon (a younger son of the 2nd Duke of Gordon).[2]
His paternal grandfather was Adam Drummond, 9th of Lennoch, a member of the Scottish Parliament and of the Privy Council of Scotland,[a] and the former Alison Hay (daughter of John Hay of Haystoun). His uncle, Dr. Adam Drummond, was a Professor of Anatomy at the University of Edinburgh.[4] His mother was a daughter of James Murray of Deuchar, and a descendant of the Murrays of Philiphaugh.[5]
He was educated at Leiden University, and after briefly studying law joined the army in 1739, being commissioned as lieutenant in the 47th Regiment of Foot in 1741 and promoted to captain in 1745.[6]
Career
[edit]
As Captain of the 47th Regiment of Foot, he served against the Jacobite rising at the Battle of Prestonpans, where he was captured. While being held prisoner in Edinburgh, 400 guineas was smuggled to him by Colin Simpson, apprentice to his uncle Adam Drummond, a surgeon-apothecary in Edinburgh. He later served in North America, but was put on half-pay in 1753 and retired from the army in 1756 and set up as a merchant.[6]
As his wife's family controlled a number of pocket boroughs, and at the next general election in 1761, Drummond entered Parliament as Member of Parliament for Lymington.[6] Although the 5th Duke of Bolton went into opposition after the election, Drummond supported the government, and in 1764 was rewarded when in partnership with Sir Samuel Fludyer he was awarded the lucrative contract for victualling the British troops in North America. Later the same year, Drummond, Fludyer and Anthony Bacon secured a 30-year lease of all the coal on Cape Breton Island and in 1767 he acquired a large land grant in St John's Island (now Prince Edward Island). Further profitable contracts followed and, unlike his partner Fludyer, Drummond was able to retain or renew them as governments changed by remaining loyal to whichever administration was in power and helped by the influence of his noble brother-in-law.[7]
Drummond was a partner in the Ayr Bank, which crashed disastrously in 1772, but his fortune survived. In 1775, Thomas Coutts took him into partnership, despite misgivings at his having been involved in the Ayr Bank collapse, but eventually had second thoughts and asked him to resign the partnership in 1780.
Personal life
[edit]On 4 February 1755, Drummond married Lady Catherine Ashe (née Powlett), widow of William Ashe, MP and daughter of Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Bolton.[6]
Drummond died on 17 June 1786. He is buried with his wife, Lady Catherine, in Greyfriars Kirkyard in Edinburgh close to the eastern path. As he had no surviving children, his heir was his nephew, John Drummond (son of his younger brother, Colin Drummond), who also succeeded him as MP for Shaftesbury.[6]
References
[edit]- Notes
- ^ The barony of Lennoch was established when Sir John Drummond, 3rd Knight of Concraig, granted the lands of Lennoch in Strathearn to his second son, also named John Drummond.[3] In 1640, his descendant, John Drummond, 8th of Lennoch, purchased the barony of Megginch from Sir George Hay, ancestor of the Earl of Kinnoull.[3]
- Sources
- ^ Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1894). . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 39. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ^ Burke, Sir Bernard (1853). Index to Burke's dictionary of the landed gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Colburn and Company. p. 109. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
- ^ a b Burke, Bernard (1858). A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain and Ireland. Harrison & Sons. p. 319. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ Sedgwick, Romney R. (1970). R. Sedgwick (ed.). "Drummond, John (d. 1752), of Megginch, Perth". The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1715-1754. Boydell and Brewer. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
- ^ Burke, Bernard (1925). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry. Burke Publishing Company. p. 523. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "DRUMMOND, Adam (1713-86), of Lennoch and Megginch, Perth. ". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
- ^ Beatson, Robert (1807). A Chronological Register of Both Houses of the British Parliament, from the Union in 1708, to the Third Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in 1807. Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme. p. 9. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- 1713 births
- 1786 deaths
- Leiden University alumni
- Scottish bankers
- Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies
- British Army personnel of the Jacobite rising of 1745
- 47th Regiment of Foot officers
- Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for St Ives
- British MPs 1761–1768
- British MPs 1768–1774
- British MPs 1774–1780
- British MPs 1780–1784
- British MPs 1784–1790
- Burials at Greyfriars Kirkyard
- 18th-century Scottish merchants